Чарльз Радд

Чарльз Д. Радд
Чарльз Д. Радд
	Портретная фотография Радда неизвестным фотографом из Национального архива Зимбабве
Рожденный	22 октября 1844 г. ; Ханворт Холл , Норфолк
Died	16 November 1916 (aged 72) ; London
Resting place	Acharacle, Argyll
Known for	Rudd Concession; business associate of Cecil Rhodes

Чарльз Дунелл Радд (22 октября 1844–15 ноября 1916 года) был главным деловым партнером Сесила Родоса .

Ранний период жизни

Он родился в Хамворт -Холле, Норфолк, сын Генри Радда (1809–1884) и его первую жену Мэри Стэнбридж. ^{[ 1 ]}^{[ 2 ]}^: 32 Его семья была в судостроении и рисовать предприятия.

Радд учился в школе Харроу (1857–1862) ^{[ 2 ]}^: 32 а затем поступил в Тринити -колледж, Кембридж в 1863 году, ^{[ 3 ]} где он преуспел в игре ракетки . Он уехал в Кейп -Колонию в 1865 году, прежде чем получить степень, по словам себя, по медицинскому совету. ^{[ 1 ]} Там он охотился с такими, как Джон Данн и пытался в различных деловых предприятиях. В начале 1870 -х годов он работал на своего брата Томаса (1831–1902) Элизабет торговая фирма на основе .

Партнерство с Сесилом Родсом

In 1872/3 Rudd and Rhodes became friends and partners, working diamond claims in Kimberley, dealing in diamonds and operating pumping and ice-making machinery, amongst many other odds and ends.^[1] Between 1873 and 1881, while Rhodes intermittently attended college in England, Rudd managed their interests.^[1] By 1880 they had become rich and, with others, formed the De Beers Mining Company. Rudd was one of the directors and also held large interests in the main machinery supplier for the mining fields.^{[citation needed]}

The Rudd Concession

In 1887 Rudd's interests had shifted to gold, the previous year discovered at the Witwatersrand. With Rhodes and him as directors, and his brother Thomas as chairman, they registered Gold Fields of South Africa Ltd in early 1887. The company was structured to enormously favor Rudd and Rhodes, with its London board unaware of most of their activities in southern Africa. On 30 October 1888 Rudd secured an agreement to the mineral rights of Matabeleland and Mashonaland from Lobengula, the King of Matabeleland.^[4] The agreement became known as the Rudd Concession.^[5] Matabeleland and Mashonaland form the bulk of what is now known as Zimbabwe.

Rhodes and Rudd had duped the British government and the investing public into believing that the concession was vested in the public company and made millions of pounds when the British South Africa Company bought the concession. Rudd had disagreements with Rhodes, in 1895 proclaiming that he would no longer work with Rhodes, and perhaps was unaware of the Gold Fields' conspiracy which culminated in the disastrous Jameson raid. Still, Rudd remained a friend of Rhodes and a director of Gold Fields until 1902, after which he retired to Scotland, "enjoying the life of an Edwardian plutocrat". In 1896, he bought the Ardnamurchan estate in Argyll, where he built two "houses", one of which, Glenborrodale Castle, was just for his guests. He died in 1916 after an unsuccessful prostate operation in a nursing home in London.^[1]

Rudd took an interest in natural history, collected specimens and sponsored a collection exploration (the "Rudd exploration") of the south African region by Captain Claude H. B. Grant who named two birds after his sponsor, Rudd’s Lark and Rudd’s Apalis.^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]

Family

In the late 1860s in South Africa, Rudd married his first wife, Frances Georgina "Fanny" Leighton Chiappini (born 1846).^[1] Her great aunt was Maria Stella, Lady Newborough who claimed that she was not a member of the Chiappini family but had been exchanged at birth for a boy who became King Louis Philippe. Rudd and Fanny had a daughter, Evelyn, and three sons: Henry Percy, known as Percy; Franklyn Martin; and Charles John Lockhart, known as Jack. Percy's son, Bevil Rudd was an Olympic champion 400-meter runner.^[13] Frances died in 1896 of influenza or tuberculosis, and in 1898 Rudd married 24-year-old Corrie Maria Wallace, the daughter of his partner in the machinery company in Kimberley, with whom he had three more children.^[1]

References

Citations

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Mary Amelia Rudd, Records of the Rudd Family, J.W. Arrowsmith Ltd., Bristol, 1920, pp. 218-220. Details of this 2-page bio were provided by Charles Rudd himself.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Wheatcroft, Geoffrey (1986). The Randlords. Internet Archive. New York : Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-689-11795-4.
^ "Rudd, Charles Dunell (RT863CD)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ Mlambo 2014, p. 39.
^ Truschel 2013, p. 1294–.
^ Thomas, Oldfield; Wroughton, R. C. (1908). "The Rudd Exploration of S. Africa.—X. List of Mammals collected by Mr. Grant near Tette, Zambesia". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 78 (3): 535–553. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1908.tb07390.x. ISSN 0370-2774.
^ Thomas, Oldfield; Wroughton, R. C. (September 1908). "The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.—IX. List of Mammals obtained by Mr. Grant on the Gorongoza Mountains, Portuguese S.E. Africa". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 78 (2): 161–173. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1908.tb01842.x. ISSN 0370-2774.
^ Thomas, Oldfield; Wroughton, R. C. (May 1907). "The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.‐VIII. List of Mammals obtained by Mr. Grant at Beira". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 77 (4): 774–782. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1907.tb06954.x. ISSN 0370-2774.
^ Thomas, Oldfield; Wroughton, R. C. (August 1907). "3. The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.—VII. List of Mammals obtained by Mr. Grant at Coguno, Inhambane". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 77 (2): 285–306. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1907.tb01819.x. ISSN 0370-2774.
^ Thomas, Oldfield; Schwann, Harold (4 January 1906). "The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.—IV.* List of Mammals obtained by Mr. Grant at Knysna". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 76 (1–2): 159–168. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1906.tb08427.x. ISSN 0370-2774.
^ Thomas, Oldfield; Sohwann, Harold (June 1905). "3. The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.—II. List of Mammals from the Wakkerstroom District, South‐Eastern Transvaal". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 75 (1): 129–138. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1905.tb08370.x. ISSN 0370-2774.
^ Boulenger, G. A. (October 1905). "4. On a Collection of Batrachians and Reptiles made in South Africa by Mr. C. H. B. Grant, and presented to the British Museum by Mr. C. D. Rudd". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 75 (3): 248–255. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1905.tb08391.x. ISSN 0370-2774.
^ Записи семьи Рудд, стр. 213: Радд Хартли, Вестморлендское семейное древо.

Источники

«Рудд, Чарльз Дунелл (1844–1916)». Оксфордский словарь национальной биографии (онлайн -ред.). Издательство Оксфордского университета. doi : 10.1093/ref: ODNB/65577 . ( Требуется членство в публичной библиотеке в Великобритании .)
Концессия Rudd через Wikisource -
Mlambo, Alois S. (2014). История Зимбабве . Издательство Кембриджского университета. ISBN 978-1-107-02170-9 .
Truschel, Louis W. (2013). Кевин Шиллингтон (ред.). Энциклопедия истории Африки . Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-45670-2 .

[rrf-1] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Mary Amelia Rudd, Records of the Rudd Family, J.W. Arrowsmith Ltd., Bristol, 1920, pp. 218-220. Details of this 2-page bio were provided by Charles Rudd himself.

[Wh01-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b Wheatcroft, Geoffrey (1986). The Randlords. Internet Archive. New York : Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-689-11795-4.

[3] "Rudd, Charles Dunell (RT863CD)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.

[FOOTNOTEMlambo201439-4] Mlambo 2014, p. 39.

[FOOTNOTETruschel20131294–-5] Truschel 2013, p. 1294–.

[6] Thomas, Oldfield; Wroughton, R. C. (1908). "The Rudd Exploration of S. Africa.—X. List of Mammals collected by Mr. Grant near Tette, Zambesia". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 78 (3): 535–553. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1908.tb07390.x. ISSN 0370-2774.

[7] Thomas, Oldfield; Wroughton, R. C. (September 1908). "The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.—IX. List of Mammals obtained by Mr. Grant on the Gorongoza Mountains, Portuguese S.E. Africa". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 78 (2): 161–173. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1908.tb01842.x. ISSN 0370-2774.

[8] Thomas, Oldfield; Wroughton, R. C. (May 1907). "The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.‐VIII. List of Mammals obtained by Mr. Grant at Beira". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 77 (4): 774–782. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1907.tb06954.x. ISSN 0370-2774.

[9] Thomas, Oldfield; Wroughton, R. C. (August 1907). "3. The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.—VII. List of Mammals obtained by Mr. Grant at Coguno, Inhambane". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 77 (2): 285–306. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1907.tb01819.x. ISSN 0370-2774.

[10] Thomas, Oldfield; Schwann, Harold (4 January 1906). "The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.—IV.* List of Mammals obtained by Mr. Grant at Knysna". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 76 (1–2): 159–168. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1906.tb08427.x. ISSN 0370-2774.

[11] Thomas, Oldfield; Sohwann, Harold (June 1905). "3. The Rudd Exploration of South Africa.—II. List of Mammals from the Wakkerstroom District, South‐Eastern Transvaal". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 75 (1): 129–138. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1905.tb08370.x. ISSN 0370-2774.

[12] Boulenger, G. A. (October 1905). "4. On a Collection of Batrachians and Reptiles made in South Africa by Mr. C. H. B. Grant, and presented to the British Museum by Mr. C. D. Rudd". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 75 (3): 248–255. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1905.tb08391.x. ISSN 0370-2774.

[13] Записи семьи Рудд, стр. 213: Радд Хартли, Вестморлендское семейное древо.

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