Viru Chemistry Group
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| Промышленность | Нефтяная сланцевая промышленность Производство электроэнергии |
|---|---|
| Основан | 1924 |
| Штаб -квартира | Kohtla-Järve, Ida-Virumaa |
Ключевые люди | Ахти Асманн (генеральный директор) [ 1 ] |
| Продукция | 680 000 тонн сланцевого масла, производство энергии 900 ГВт (2023) |
Количество сотрудников | 1500 (2024) |
| Веб -сайт | www |
Viru Keemia Grupp -это частное эстонское крупномасштабное промышленное предприятие. Он фокусируется на добыче нефтяных сланцев, сланцевом масле, комбинированном производстве тепла и электроэнергии, а также производстве и маркетинге из тонких химических продуктов.
Viru Keemia Grupp расположен в Кохтла-Ярве и продолжает традицию эстонской нефтяной сланцы, которая началась в 1924 году. Компания основана на частном капитале с 1997 года, когда Kiviter был приватизирован. [1]
История
[ редактировать ]
Нефтяная сланцевая промышленность Эстонии - это традиционная эстонская промышленность, основанная в первой республике. Местная нефтяная сланцевая промышленность обеспечила тепло и свет эстонским домохозяйствам, начиная с 1924 года, и поставляла домохозяйство в Ленинград и Таллинн, а также другие северные эстонские города. Список продуктов, изготовленных в Kohtla-Järve, в течение десятилетий, богат и варьируется-от сланцевого масла до тонких химических веществ, эпоксидных смол до азотных удобрений, компонентов красителя для волос до битум.
Operations
[edit]VKG's two main areas of operations are shale oil extraction, and electricity and heat production and distribution.
Shale oil production
[edit]
The subsidiary producing shale oil is VKG Oil. The company utilizes two different processes: Kiviter and Galoter.[2][3][4][5] The company also tested but rejected the Alberta Taciuk Process.[6] In total, VKG Oil processes 2 million tons of oil shale per year, producing 250,000 tons of shale oil.
The company operates several Kiviter retorts, the largest of them having a processing capacity of 40 tonnes per hour of oil shale feedstock.[7][8] As of 2016, these retorts were out of operation due to low oil prices.[9] It also operates three Galoter-type retorts called Petroter.[5] Engineering of the retort was done by Atomenergoproject of Saint Petersburg; engineering of the condensation and distillation plant was done by Rintekno of Finland.[10] The first Petroter plant has a processing capacity of 1.1 million tonnes of oil shale per year, and it produces 100,000 tonnes of shale oil, 30 million cubic metres (1.1 billion cubic feet) of oil shale gas, and 150 GWh of steam per year.[5]
Power generation and distribution
[edit]
VKG's subsidiary VKG Energia, a power and heat generation company, was established in 2004 after VKG bought the Kohtla-Järve Power Plant and the Kohtla-Järve heat distribution system from Kohtla-Järve Soojus.[11] In 2005, it bought another power plant in Kohtla-Järve from Fortum Termest.[12] In 2006, VKG bought a 40.8% stake in Kohtla-Järve Soojus, an operator of the Ahtme Power Plant, and in 2010 it took a full control of the company, now VKG Soojus.[13][14] All generations capacities were transferred to VKG Energia while VKG Soojus is responsible for heat distribution.[14][15] All generations capacities were transferred to VKG Energia while VKG Soojus is responsible for heat distribution.[14] VKG Energia has installed electrical capacity of 80 MW and heat capacity of 700 MW.[16]
In July 2006, VKG acquired Narva Elektrivõrk, the second-largest power distribution company in Estonia,[17] and renamed it VKG Elektrivõrgud.[18][19][20]
Other activities
[edit]In April 2011, VKG acquired assets of a bankrupt company Silbet Plokk that manufactured cinder blocks for construction from oil shale burning residue.[1][21][22] The company was renamed VKG Plokk.[22] The coalition-agreement of Jüri Ratas' second cabinet formed in 2019 between the Centre Party, EKRE and Pro Patria, expresses support to the development of the local oil industry.[23] Therefore, VKG and Eesti Energia decided to initiate a cost-benefit study aimed at establishing an oil pre-refining plant in Ida-Viru County. The plant would require a 650 million euro investment.[24]
Subsidiaries
[edit]
Main subsidiaries of VKG are:
- VKG Oil - shale oil producer
- Viru RMT – company producing, assembling and repairing metal structures, pipelines and pressure equipment
- VKG Transport – transportation company
- VKG Energia - heat and power generation company
- VKG Soojus – heat distribution company
- VKG Elektrivõrgud – electricity distribution company
- VKG Elektriehitus – construction of power systems
- VKG Kaevandused – oil shale mining
- VKG Plokk – production of cinder blocks
- OOO Slantsehim (73.4%) – developer of Boltysh oil shale deposit in Ukraine
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b Hõbemägi, Toomas (2011-04-12). "Viru Keemia Group buys bankrupt maker of cinder blocks". BNN. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ Siirde, A.; Roos, I.; Martins, A. (2011). "Estimation of emission factors for the Estonian shale oil industry" (PDF). Oil Shale. A Scientific-Technical Journal. 28 (1S). Estonian Academy Publishers: 127–139. doi:10.3176/oil.2011.1S.05. ISSN 0208-189X. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ Jaber, Jamel O.; Sladek, Thomas A.; Mernitz, Scott; Tarawneh, T. M. (2008). "Future Policies and Strategies for Oil Shale Development in Jordan" (PDF). Jordan Journal of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. 2 (1): 31–44. ISSN 1995-6665. Retrieved 2008-11-22.
- ^
"Strategic significance of America's oil shale resource. Volume II: Oil shale resources, technology and economics" (PDF). Office of Deputy Assistant Secretary for Petroleum Reserves; Office of Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves; United States Department of Energy. 2004. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Jump up to: a b c Aleksandrov, Julia; Purga, Jaanus (2010). "Viru Keemia Grupp opened a new oil shale processing plant in Estonia" (PDF). Oil Shale. A Scientific-Technical Journal. 27 (1). Estonian Academy Publishers: 84–85. ISSN 0208-189X. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
- ^ "Estonian oilshale group tests new technology in Canada". BNN. 2002-09-09. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ Koel, Mihkel (1999). "Estonian oil shale". Oil Shale. A Scientific-Technical Journal (Extra). Estonian Academy Publishers. ISSN 0208-189X. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
- ^
"An Assessment of Oil Shale Technologies" (PDF). June 1980. NTIS order #PB80-210115. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "VKG to lay off 500 workers". ERR. BNS. 2016-01-15. Archived from the original on 2016-01-17. Retrieved 2016-01-17.
- ^ "New shale oil line for VKG Oil AS" (PDF). Rintekno Newsletter. 20. Rintekno Oy. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-20. Retrieved 2008-12-13.
- ^ Gamzejev, Erik (2004-06-01). "Järve linnaosa kütjaks võib saada Viru Keemia Grupp" [Viru Keemia Grupp may become a heat supplier of the Järve district]. Põhjarannik (in Estonian). Retrieved 2012-10-27.
- ^ "Viru Keemia Grupp ostis Fortumilt soojuselektrijaama" [Viru Keemia Grupp acquired a thermal power plant from Fortum]. Äripäev (in Estonian). 2005-10-25. Retrieved 2012-10-27.
- ^ Jaagant, Urmas (2010-10-20). "Viru Keemia Grupp soovib osta osalust Kohtla-Järve Soojuses" [Viru Keemia Grupp wants buy a stake in Kohtla-Järve Soojus]. Eesti Päevaleht (in Estonian). Retrieved 2012-10-27.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Tooman, Artur (2011-06-21). "Kohtla-Järve Soojus переименовали" [Kohtla-Järve Soojus was renamed]. Eesti Päevaleht (in Russian). Retrieved 2012-10-27.
- ^ Räim, Veiko (2010-12-22). "Eesti Energia to sell 59.2% of Kohtla-Järve Soojus" (Press release). Eesti Energia. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- ^ "VKG Energia OÜ". Viru Keemia Grupp. Retrieved 2012-10-27.
- ^ "Estonian Electricity and Gas Market Report" (PDF). Tallinn: Energy Market Inspectorate. 2007. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- ^ Reinap, Aivar (2006-07-01). "Viru Keemia Grupp ostis Narva Elektrivõrgud" [Viru Keemia Grupp bought Narva Elektrivõrgud]. Postimees (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2012-03-26. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ Kuimet, Peeter (2006-07-14). "VKG ja Narva Elektrivõrgu koondumisele anti roheline tuli" [Green light for the concentration of VKG and Narva Elektrivõrgud]. Postimees (in Estonian). Archived from the original on 2013-01-06. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ "VKG ostis kaks Narva elektrifirmat" [VKG bought two electric companies in Narva]. Äripäev (in Estonian). 2006-07-03. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ Roman, Steve (2011-04-12). "VKG Acquires Cinder Block Production Facility". ERR. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Teesalu, Ingrid (2011-10-17). "Factory in Ahtme Revives Production of Cinder Blocks". ERR. Retrieved 2011-10-19.
- ^ "Producers: Oil refinery would help meet stricter sulfur requirements". Eesti Rahvusringhääling. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
- ^ "Sadu miljoneid maksev tehas päästaks Eesti õlitööstuse". Postimees. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
Bibliography
[edit]- Aaloe, Aasa; Bauert, Heikki; Soesoo, Alvar (2007). Kukersite oil shale (PDF). Tallinn: GEOGuide Baltoscandia. ISBN 978-9985-9834-2-3.
- Holmberg, Rurik (2008). Survival of the Unfit. Path Dependence and the Estonian Oil Shale Industry (PDF). Linköping Studies in Arts and Science. Vol. 427. Linköping University.
- Ots, Arvo (2006) [2004]. Tyson, Toni; McQuillen, Mary (eds.). Oil Shale Fuel Combustion. Tallinn: Arvo Ots; Eesti Energia. ISBN 978-9949-13-710-7.
External links
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