1938 Югославские парламентские выборы
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Все 373 места в Национальном собрании 187 мест, необходимых для большинства | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Most voted-for coalition by banovina. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Парламентские выборы состоялись в Югославии 11 декабря 1938 года. [ 1 ] Результатом стала победа руководящего югославского радикального союза , который выиграл 306 из 373 мест в Национальном собрании .
Это будут последние выборы, проведенные в Югославии до Второй мировой войны . К моменту первых послевоенных выборов, в 1945 году , Коммунистическая партия Югославии быстро консолидирующая власть, и некоммунистическая оппозиция бойкотировала голосование после того, как утверждала, что было нацелено на серьезное запугивание. [ 2 ] В результате выборы 1938 года станут последними многопартийными выборами, проведенными в Югославии, пока коммунисты не отказались от своей монополии на власть в 1990 году. [ 3 ]
Коалиции
[ редактировать ]Югославский радикальный союз (JRZ, Jereza) во главе с премьер-министром Миланом Стоджадиновичем образует правый в крайне правый союз с:
- Yugoslav National Party led by Bogoljub Jevtić,
- Yugoslav Muslim Organization led by Mehmed Spaho,
- Slovene People's Party led by Anton Korošec and
- People's Radical Party led by Aca Stanojević, which later leaves the alliance in favor of the United Opposition.
The United Opposition alliance was consisted of:
- Croatian Peasant Party led by Vladko Maček
- Independent Democratic Party led by Srđan Budisavljević
- Democratic Party led by Ljubomir Davidović
- Agrarian Party led by Jovan Jovanović Pižon
- Montenegrin Federalist Party led by Sekula Drljević
Results
[edit]Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
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Yugoslav Radical Union | 1,643,783 | 54.09 | 306 | +3 | |
United Opposition | 1,364,524 | 44.90 | 67 | 0 | |
Yugoslav National Movement | 30,734 | 1.01 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 3,039,041 | 100.00 | 373 | +3 | |
Registered voters/turnout | 4,080,286 | – | |||
Source: Nohlen et al. |
Aftermath
[edit]Although the United Opposition, de facto led by the Croatian Peasant Party leader Maček, had attracted 44.9% of the vote, due to the electoral rules by which the government parties received 40% of the seats in the National Assembly before votes were counted, the opposition vote only translated into 67 seats out of a total of 373. Milan Stojadinović second cabinet collapsed in February 1939, due to his pro-Axis policy. He was replaced by Dragiša Cvetković as Prime Minister and de jure JRZ leader. The Cvetković–Maček Cabinet was concluded in August 1939 establishing autonomous Banovina of Croatia. Maček became the Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia and several members of the United Opposition were added to the new cabinet.[4]
Following the Cvetković government sign Yugoslav accession to the Tripartite Pact in March 1941, there was a faction led by the commander of the Royal Yugoslav Air Force (VVKJ), General Dušan Simović, that successfully realized a pro-Allied coup.[5]
Sources
[edit]- Onslow, Sue (March 2005). "Britain and the Belgrade Coup of 27 March 1941 Revisited" (PDF). Electronic Journal of International History (8). University of London: 359–370. ISSN 1471-1443.
- Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-34656-8.
References
[edit]- ^ Dieter Nohlen, Dolf Sternberger, Bernhard Vogel, Klaus Landfried (1969) Die Wahl der Parlamente und andere Staatsorgane, Walter de Gruyter, p784
- ^ "Elections In Yugoslavia", The Times, 9 November 1945
- ^ Rome Tempest (January 23, 1990). "Communists in Yugoslavia Split Into Factions". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Ramet 2006, p. 104.
- ^ Onslow 2005, p. 37.