Komi-Permyak Okrug
Komi-Permyak Okrug Ко́ми-Пермя́цкий о́круг | |
|---|---|
Territory | |
 Location of Komi-Permyak Okrug within Perm Krai | |
  Komi-Permyak Okrug Location of Komi-Permyak Okrug in Russia | |
| Coordinates: 59°01′N 54°40′E / 59.017°N 54.667°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Perm Krai |
| Administrative center | Kudymkar |
| Area | |
| • Total | 32,770 km2 (12,650 sq mi) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 116,157 |
| • Density | 3.5/km2 (9.2/sq mi) |
Komi-Permyak Okrug (Russian: Ко́ми-Пермя́цкий о́круг, Komi-Permyatsky okrug; Komi-Permyak: Коми-Перем кытш, Komi-Perem kyč), or Permyakia[1][citation needed] is a territory with special status within Perm Krai, Russia. Its administrative center is the town of Kudymkar. Population: 116,157 (2010 Russian census);[2] 136,076 (2002 Census);[3] 159,689 (1989 Soviet census).[4]
It was a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug) until December 1, 2005. It was known as Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug (Russian: Ко́ми-Пермя́цкий автоно́мный о́круг; Komi: Перым-Коми автономия кытш) at the time.
Geography
[edit]Area: 32,770 km2. Location: foothills of the Ural Mountains, upper basin of the Kama River.
History
[edit]Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug was established on February 26, 1925. It was an administrative division for Komi-Permyaks, a branch of the Komis, within Perm Oblast. After a referendum held in October 2004, the autonomous okrug was merged with Perm Oblast to form Perm Krai. The referendum was held both in Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug and Perm Oblast, and the majority of citizens of both regions voted for merging.
Until the merger in 2005, the Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug was the only autonomous okrug in which the titular ethnic group made up the majority of the population. The majority was lost in the merger, and the referendum has often been characterized as a "staged" event.[5]
Administrative divisions
[edit](prior to December 1, 2005)
(after December 1, 2005)
Demographics
[edit]Vital statistics
[edit]| Average population (x 1000) | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 210 | 3 701 | 1 993 | 1 708 | 17.6 | 9.5 | 8.1 |
| 1975 | 188 | 3 605 | 1 999 | 1 606 | 19.2 | 10.6 | 8.5 |
| 1980 | 170 | 3 259 | 2 572 | 687 | 19.2 | 15.1 | 4.0 |
| 1985 | 162 | 3 360 | 2 444 | 916 | 20.7 | 15.1 | 5.7 |
| 1990 | 146 | 2 660 | 1 931 | 729 | 18.3 | 13.3 | 5.0 |
| 1991 | 146 | 2 384 | 2 043 | 341 | 16.3 | 14.0 | 2.3 |
| 1992 | 147 | 2 267 | 2 111 | 156 | 15.4 | 14.3 | 1.1 |
| 1993 | 147 | 2 100 | 2 547 | - 447 | 14.3 | 17.3 | -3.0 |
| 1994 | 146 | 1 946 | 2 831 | - 885 | 13.3 | 19.4 | -6.1 |
| 1995 | 144 | 1 761 | 2 556 | - 795 | 12.2 | 17.7 | -5.5 |
| 1996 | 143 | 1 749 | 2 510 | - 761 | 12.2 | 17.6 | -5.3 |
| 1997 | 141 | 1 724 | 2 607 | - 883 | 12.2 | 18.4 | -6.2 |
| 1998 | 140 | 1 640 | 2 250 | - 610 | 11.7 | 16.1 | -4.4 |
| 1999 | 139 | 1 696 | 2 495 | - 799 | 12.2 | 17.9 | -5.7 |
| 2000 | 138 | 1 652 | 2 724 | -1 072 | 11.9 | 19.7 | -7.8 |
| 2001 | 137 | 1 610 | 2 700 | -1 090 | 11.7 | 19.7 | -7.9 |
| 2002 | 136 | 1 700 | 3 090 | -1 390 | 12.5 | 22.8 | -10.2 |
| 2003 | 133 | 1 675 | 3 057 | -1 382 | 12.6 | 22.9 | -10.4 |
| 2004 | 130 | 1 619 | 3 080 | -1 461 | 12.4 | 23.6 | -11.2 |
| 2005 | 127 | ||||||
| 2006 | 125 | 1 672 | 2 813 | -1 141 | 13.4 | 22.6 | -9.2 |
| 2007 | 122 | 1 845 | 2 566 | - 721 | 15.1 | 21.0 | -5.9 |
| 2008 | 120 | 2 109 | 2 523 | - 414 | 17.6 | 21.0 | -3.4 |
| 2009 | 118 | 2 144 | 2 447 | - 303 | 18.1 | 20.7 | -2.6 |
| 2010 | 116 | 2 253 | 2 497 | - 244 | 19.4 | 21.5 | -2.1 |
| 2011 | 114 | 2,072 | 2,148 | - 76 | 18.2 | 18.8 | -0.6 |
Ethnic groups
[edit]According to the 2002 Census, Komi-Permyaks make up 59.0% of the okrug's population. Other groups include Russians (38.2%), Tatars (1,100, or 0.8%), Ukrainians (706, or 0.5%), Belarusians (672, or 0.5%), and a host of other groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population.
| Ethnic group | 1926 census | 1959 census | 1970 census | 1979 census | 1989 census | 2002 census | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Komi-Permyaks | 117,429 | 77.0% | 125,917 | 58.0% | 123,621 | 58.3% | 105,574 | 61.4% | 95,415 | 60.2% | 80,327 | 59.0% |
| Russians | 34,814 | 22.8% | 71,381 | 32.9% | 76,340 | 36.0% | 59,760 | 34.7% | 57,272 | 36.1% | 51,946 | 38.2% |
| Others | 251 | 0.2% | 19,740 | 9.1% | 12,180 | 5.7% | 6,705 | 3.9% | 5,839 | 3.7% | 3,803 | 2.8% |
References
[edit]- ^ Encyclopedia Encarta. Entry on Permyakia[dead link]
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Bakró-Nagy, Marianne; Laakso, Johanna; Skribnik, Elena, eds. (March 24, 2022). The Oxford Guide to the Uralic Languages. Oxford University Press. p. 89. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198767664.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-182151-6.
Further reading
[edit]- Lallukka, Seppo; Liudmila Nikitina (March 2001). "Continuing with Perm, turning to Syktyvkar, or standing on one's own? The debate about the status of the Komi-Permiak Autonomous Okrug". Nationalities Papers. 29 (1): 129–151. doi:10.1080/00905990120036411.