Бразения

Бразения
Статус сохранения
	; Наименьшее беспокойство ( МСКН 3.1 )
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Order:	Nymphaeales
Family:	Cabombaceae
Genus:	Brasenia; Schreb.
Species:	B. schreberi
Binomial name
	Brasenia schreberi; J.F.Gmel.
Synonyms
	Barteria Welw.; Brasenia hydropeltis Muhl.; Brasenia nymphoides Baill.; Brasenia purpurea (Michx.) Casp.; Brasenia pelta Casp.;

Brasenia - это род , принадлежащий семейству Cabombaceae , состоящий из одного вида, Brasenia Schreberi , обычно известного как водоснабжение . Он широко распространен в Северной Америке, Вест -Индии , Северной Южной Америке (Венесуэла, Гайане), Восточной Азии (Китай, Япония, Корея, Примира ), Австралия, Индийский субконтинент и части Африки. ^{[ 2 ]}^{[ 3 ]}^{[ 4 ]}^{[ 5 ]}^{[ 6 ]}^{[ 7 ]}^{[ 8 ]}

For sale in a Japanese supermarket, 2014

Brasenia - это многолетнее водное растение с плавающими, шкуриными листьями и корневищами . Он идентифицируется по его ярко -зеленым листьям, маленькими фиолетовыми цветами, которые расцветают с июня по сентябрь, и толстая слизь , которая покрывает все подводные органы, включая нижнюю сторону листьев, стеблей и развивающихся бутонов. Эта слизь может быть анти-хербийновой оборонной чертой, ^{[ 9 ]} Возможно, чтобы сдержать выпас улитки. Он растет в мелкой воде из озер, рек и бобр -прудов, особенно в тех, у кого есть несколько кислая вода.

Характеристики

Brasenia exhibits wind pollination. The flowers have a two-day blooming period. On the first day, the functionally female, or pistillate flower, extends above the surface of the water and exposes the receptive stigmas. The flower then recedes below the water surface and on the following day emerges as a functionally male, or staminate flower. It is elevated higher than on the previous day and the anther-bearing filaments are extended beyond the female carpels.^[10] Горовов разбивают, освобождают пыльцу, а затем цветок снимается под водой, где развивается фрукты.

Uses

Brasenia is cultivated as a vegetable in China (where it is known as chúncài 莼菜) and where it is used in Hangzhou in the well-known local speciality "West Lake Water Shield Soup"^[11] and in Japan.

The mucilage it produces has been found to have anti-algal and anti-bacterial properties that may be useful as a natural weed control.^[12]

History

Species of Brasenia occurred during the interglacial of Europe, but like many other aquatic plant species and genera, it does not occur there now.^[13]

Name

Brasenia schreberi (syn. B. nymphoides, B. peltata) has the common name water-shield (also watershield or water shield).

The genus may commemorate the surgeon and Moravian missionary Christoph Brasen (1738-1774), who was the first superintendent of the Moravian mission at Nain in Labrador.^[14]

References

^ Maiz-Tome, L. (2016). Brasenia schreberi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T185681A78457027. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T185681A78457027.en. Downloaded on 14 July 2018.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map
^ Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 119, 莼菜属 chun cai shu, Brasenia Schreber, Gen. Pl. 1: 372. 1789.
^ Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Japan IIa: 1-550. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.
^ Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.
^ Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
^ Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.
^ Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Figure 6.9
^ Taylor,Mackenzie L. and Jeffrey M. Osborn. 2006. Pollen ontogeny in Brasenia (Cabombaceae, Nymphaeales). American Journal of Botany 93: 344-356
^ "Hangzhou Cuisine". Archived from the original on 2014-08-21. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
^ Elakovich, Stella D.; Wooten, Jean W. (September 1987). "An examination of the phytotoxicity of the water shield,Brasenia schreberi". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 13 (9): 1935–1940. Bibcode:1987JCEco..13.1935E. doi:10.1007/BF01014676. ISSN 0098-0331. PMID 24302458. S2CID 37729620.
^ Sculthorpe, C. D. 1967. The Biology of Aquatic Vascular Plants. Reprinted 1985 Edward Arnold, by London. p. 404.
^ Pringle, James S. Possible eponymy of the generic name Brasenia Schreb. in Sida. vol. 16. no. 3. pp. 597-600. 1995. [1]

External links

[1] Maiz-Tome, L. (2016). Brasenia schreberi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T185681A78457027. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T185681A78457027.en. Downloaded on 14 July 2018.

[iu-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[3] Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map

[4] Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 119, 莼菜属 chun cai shu, Brasenia Schreber, Gen. Pl. 1: 372. 1789.

[5] Iwatsuki, K., Boufford, D.E. & Ohba, H. (eds.) (2006). Flora of Japan IIa: 1-550. Kodansha Ltd., Tokyo.

[6] Hokche, O., Berry, P.E. & Huber, O. (eds.) (2008). Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela: 1-859. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela.

[7] Figueiredo, E. & Smith, G.F. (2008). Plants of Angola. Strelitzia 22: 1-279. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.

[8] Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & Strong, M.T. (2012). Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 98: 1-1192.

[9] Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Figure 6.9

[10] Taylor,Mackenzie L. and Jeffrey M. Osborn. 2006. Pollen ontogeny in Brasenia (Cabombaceae, Nymphaeales). American Journal of Botany 93: 344-356

[11] "Hangzhou Cuisine". Archived from the original on 2014-08-21. Retrieved 22 April 2014.

[12] Elakovich, Stella D.; Wooten, Jean W. (September 1987). "An examination of the phytotoxicity of the water shield,Brasenia schreberi". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 13 (9): 1935–1940. Bibcode:1987JCEco..13.1935E. doi:10.1007/BF01014676. ISSN 0098-0331. PMID 24302458. S2CID 37729620.

[13] Sculthorpe, C. D. 1967. The Biology of Aquatic Vascular Plants. Reprinted 1985 Edward Arnold, by London. p. 404.

[14] Pringle, James S. Possible eponymy of the generic name Brasenia Schreb. in Sida. vol. 16. no. 3. pp. 597-600. 1995. [1]

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