Уолтер Энкерлин

Walther Raúl Enkerlin Hoeflich
Walther Raúl Enkerlin Hoeflich
Рожденный	24 марта 1960 ; Монтеррей, Мексика
Альма -матер	Технологический и высший институт Монтеррее , Имперский колледж Лондон
Известен для	Энтомология , метод стерильного насекомых , международное сотрудничество
Награды	Награда за превосходные достижения, присуждаемая Международным агентством по атомной энергетике (МАГАТЭ)
	Научная карьера
Тезис	Экономический анализ управления для средиземноморской фруктовой мухи (1997)

Walther Raúl Enkerlin Hoeflich (родился 24 марта 1960 года в Монтеррее ) - мексиканский энтомолог пионерский исследователь экономики прикладной техники стерильных насекомых , в настоящее время базирующая ( SIT ) , защитник и Отдел Агентства по атомной энергии (МАГАТЭ). ^{[ 1 ]}

Карьера

В 1994 году Энкерлин был назначен Национальной организацией по защите заводов Мексики руководителем проекта, который в 1997 году позволил открыть рынок Соединенных Штатов для Авокадо Хасс из Мексики после более чем 82 года карантина. ^{[ 2 ]}^{[ 3 ]} Сегодня в Мексике является экспортер номер один в мире Hass Avocado , поставляющий 45% международного рынка авокадо. ^{[ 4 ]}

Работая в соответствии с МАГАТЭ, когда она была удостоена Нобелевской премии мира 2005 года , он разработал технические стандарты, политику и организационные структуры для поддержки реализации успешных программ SIT по всему миру, ^{[ 5 ]}^{[ 6 ]} предотвращение разрушительного экономического, социального и экологического ущерба и способствуя продовольственной безопасности, безопасности пищевых продуктов и сокращению бедности. ^{[ 7 ]}

В 2008 году Энкерлин стал техническим директором Североамериканской организации по защите растений (NAPPO). ^{[ 8 ]}^{[ 9 ]}

Под руководством Энкерлина, с 2010 по 2015 год Комиссия по программе Москам-первое общелочное и широкомасштабное применение технологий SIT против средиземноморской фруктовой мухи -достигли наибольшего прогресса в том, что он выталкивает на переднем крае средиземноморской фруктовой мухи. Мексиканские границы, поддерживая Средиземноморский статус без фруктов в Белизе , Мексика и Соединенных Штатах . ^{[ 10 ]}^{[ 11 ]} В течение этого времени он также был назначен Национальной организацией по защите заводов Мексики ведущим техническим переговорщиком нового кооперативного соглашения о программе Guatemal-Mexico-USA, которое было объединено в единое трехнациональное соглашение и ратифицировано в июле 2014 года. ^{[ 12 ]}

In his current role at the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of the International Atomic Energy Agency, Enkerlin has been the lead entomologist and technical officer for several high-impact Cooperation Projects in member states of the International Atomic Energy Agency, including projects responsible for eradicating the Mediterranean fruit fly from Argentina’s Patagonia region, Patagonia was declared as a fruit fly free area by the USDA-APHIS in 2005^[13] and eradicating the Cactoblastis cactorum (cactus moth) in Mexico in 2009.^[14]^[15] For eradicating the Mediterranean fruit fly from the Dominican Republic in 2017, his team was awarded the prestigious IAEA Superior Achievement Award.^[16] That same year, he was jointly awarded the prestigious teamwork award from FAO-AG Department.^[17]

Published work

Enkerlin has published over 50 scientific articles in peer-reviewed journals and book chapters, including the first-ever article published in a scientific journal on the Moscamed Program of the Governments of Mexico, Guatemala and the USA.^[18] In 2019, two of his articles received recognition from the British Journal Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata for being one of the top 20 most consulted articles in 2017 and 2018. He is also the author of 5 harmonized technical manuals of the FAO/IAEA.^[19]^[20]^[21]^[22] The manuals are used as reference documents in several fruit fly International Standards of Phytosanitary Measures, as well as independently by Member Countries of the FAO and IAEA.

Education

Enkerlin has a Bachelor’s degree in Agriculture Parasitology and a Masters in Science Plant Protection from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, and a PhD in Applied Entomology from Imperial College London.^[23] He is the son of internationally renowned entomologist Dieter Enkerlin and brother of notable Mexican conservationist Ernesto Enkerlin.

References

^ "Walther Raúl Enkerlin PhD". IAEA Nuclear Applications for Insect Pest Control. International Atomic Energy Agency. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ Enkerlin, W., J. Reyes, A. Bernabe, J. L. Sánchez, J. Toledo and M. Aluja. 1993. El aguacate "Hass" como hospedante de tres especies de Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), en condiciones forzadas y naturales. Agrociencia, Serie Protección Vegetal Vol. 4, 329-348.
^ 6. Enkerlin W. 2000. Plant Quarantine and Hass Avocados: Role of Science in Solving Pest Quarantine Problems: Hass Avocado Case Study. pp. 217-218. In Proceedings of a Conference on Incorporating Science, Economics, and Sociology in Developing Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards in International Trade. National Research Council. National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington D.C. 20418.
^ Jeansonne, Brent (June 1, 2011). "Commercial Horticulture: What do we know about Mexico's avocado production?" (PDF). University of Florida. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-12
^ "FAO/IAEA Technical Co-operation Projects". Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ John Mumford; Walther Enkerlin (1997). "Economic Evaluation of Three Alternative Methods for Control of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Israel, Palestinian Territories, and Jordan". Journal of Economic Entomology: 1066–1072.
^ "Latin American Countries Combat Screwworm Pest through IAEA Project". www.iaea.org. 13 June 2018.
^ "Insect Pest Control Newsletter". No. 69. International Atomic Energy Agency. p. 3. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ "Determination of host status of fruit to fruit flies (Tephritidae)" (PDF). Commission on Phytosanitary Measures.
^ Enkerlin, W.R., J.M. Gutiérrez Ruelas, C. Cáceres Barrios, J. Reyes Flores, J. Hendrichs et al. (2017). The Moscamed Regional Programme: A success story of area-wide sterile insect technique application. Entomological Society Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 1–16, 2017.
^ 7.Enkerlin W., J. M. Gutiérrez-Ruelas, A. Villaseñor Cortes, E. Cotoc Roldan, D. Midgarden, E. Lira, J. L. Zavala López, J. Hendrichs, P. Liedo and F. J. Trujillo Arriaga (2015). Area Freedom in Mexico from Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae): A Review of Over 30 Years of a Successful Containment Program Using an Integrated Area-Wide SIT Approach. Florida Entomologist, 98(2):665-681.
^ "USDA Announces Implementation of Multilateral Agreement to Combat Damaging Fruit Fly Species: U.S., Guatemala and Mexico Reach Agreement to Suppress Mediterranean Fruit Fly and other Species that Damage Agriculture Economies". United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ "A success story from Patagonia". Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ Zimmermann, H., Bloem, S., Klei, H., "Biology, History, Threat, Surveillance and Control of the Cactus Moth, Cactoblastis cactorum", April 10, 2004.
^ Guide for Establishing and Maintaining Pest Free Areas. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Plant Protection Convention. 15 October 2019. p. 86. ISBN 9789251317648. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ "IAEA Superior Achievement Award 2017 - Mediterranean Fruit Fly Eradication in the Dominican Republic". International Atomic Energy Agency. International Atomic Energy Agency. 31 October 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ "Teamwork Award from FAO-AG Department to IPPC-IAEA Joint Team on the Fruit Fly Standards". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ Enkerlin, W.R., J.M. Gutiérrez Ruelas, C. Cáceres Barrios, J. Reyes Flores, J. Hendrichs et al. (2017). The Moscamed Regional Programme: A success story of area-wide sterile insect technique application. Entomological Society Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 1–16, 2017.
^ FAO/IAEA. 2017. Guideline for packing, shipping, holding and release of sterile flies in area-wide fruit fly control programmes, Second edition, by Zavala-López J.L. and Enkerlin W.R. (eds.). Rome, Italy. 140 pp.
^ FAO/IAEA. 2018. Trapping guidelines for area-wide fruit fly programmes, Second edition, by Enkerlin, W.R. and Reyes- Flores, J. (eds). Rome, Italy. 65 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^ FAO/IAEA. 2017. Fruit Sampling Guidelines for Area-Wide Fruit Fly Programmes, Enkerlin WR, Reyes J and Ortiz G (eds.), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Vienna, Austria. 45 pp.
^ FAO/IAEA. 2016. Guidelines for the Use of Mathematics in Operational Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management Programmes Using the Sterile Insect Technique with a Special Focus on Tephritid Fruit Flies. Barclay H.L., Enkerlin W.R., Manoukis, N.C. Reyes-Flores, J. (eds.), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy. 95 pp.
^ Hoeflich, Enkerlin; Raul, Walther (1997). Economic analysis of management for the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wied.) (Ph.D).

[1] "Walther Raúl Enkerlin PhD". IAEA Nuclear Applications for Insect Pest Control. International Atomic Energy Agency. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[2] Enkerlin, W., J. Reyes, A. Bernabe, J. L. Sánchez, J. Toledo and M. Aluja. 1993. El aguacate "Hass" como hospedante de tres especies de Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), en condiciones forzadas y naturales. Agrociencia, Serie Protección Vegetal Vol. 4, 329-348.

[3] 6. Enkerlin W. 2000. Plant Quarantine and Hass Avocados: Role of Science in Solving Pest Quarantine Problems: Hass Avocado Case Study. pp. 217-218. In Proceedings of a Conference on Incorporating Science, Economics, and Sociology in Developing Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards in International Trade. National Research Council. National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington D.C. 20418.

[4] Jeansonne, Brent (June 1, 2011). "Commercial Horticulture: What do we know about Mexico's avocado production?" (PDF). University of Florida. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-12

[5] "FAO/IAEA Technical Co-operation Projects". Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[6] John Mumford; Walther Enkerlin (1997). "Economic Evaluation of Three Alternative Methods for Control of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Israel, Palestinian Territories, and Jordan". Journal of Economic Entomology: 1066–1072.

[7] "Latin American Countries Combat Screwworm Pest through IAEA Project". www.iaea.org. 13 June 2018.

[8] "Insect Pest Control Newsletter". No. 69. International Atomic Energy Agency. p. 3. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[9] "Determination of host status of fruit to fruit flies (Tephritidae)" (PDF). Commission on Phytosanitary Measures.

[10] Enkerlin, W.R., J.M. Gutiérrez Ruelas, C. Cáceres Barrios, J. Reyes Flores, J. Hendrichs et al. (2017). The Moscamed Regional Programme: A success story of area-wide sterile insect technique application. Entomological Society Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 1–16, 2017.

[11] 7.Enkerlin W., J. M. Gutiérrez-Ruelas, A. Villaseñor Cortes, E. Cotoc Roldan, D. Midgarden, E. Lira, J. L. Zavala López, J. Hendrichs, P. Liedo and F. J. Trujillo Arriaga (2015). Area Freedom in Mexico from Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae): A Review of Over 30 Years of a Successful Containment Program Using an Integrated Area-Wide SIT Approach. Florida Entomologist, 98(2):665-681.

[12] "USDA Announces Implementation of Multilateral Agreement to Combat Damaging Fruit Fly Species: U.S., Guatemala and Mexico Reach Agreement to Suppress Mediterranean Fruit Fly and other Species that Damage Agriculture Economies". United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[13] "A success story from Patagonia". Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[14] Zimmermann, H., Bloem, S., Klei, H., "Biology, History, Threat, Surveillance and Control of the Cactus Moth, Cactoblastis cactorum", April 10, 2004.

[15] Guide for Establishing and Maintaining Pest Free Areas. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International Plant Protection Convention. 15 October 2019. p. 86. ISBN 9789251317648. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[16] "IAEA Superior Achievement Award 2017 - Mediterranean Fruit Fly Eradication in the Dominican Republic". International Atomic Energy Agency. International Atomic Energy Agency. 31 October 2017. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[17] "Teamwork Award from FAO-AG Department to IPPC-IAEA Joint Team on the Fruit Fly Standards". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[18] Enkerlin, W.R., J.M. Gutiérrez Ruelas, C. Cáceres Barrios, J. Reyes Flores, J. Hendrichs et al. (2017). The Moscamed Regional Programme: A success story of area-wide sterile insect technique application. Entomological Society Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 1–16, 2017.

[19] FAO/IAEA. 2017. Guideline for packing, shipping, holding and release of sterile flies in area-wide fruit fly control programmes, Second edition, by Zavala-López J.L. and Enkerlin W.R. (eds.). Rome, Italy. 140 pp.

[20] FAO/IAEA. 2018. Trapping guidelines for area-wide fruit fly programmes, Second edition, by Enkerlin, W.R. and Reyes- Flores, J. (eds). Rome, Italy. 65 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

[21] FAO/IAEA. 2017. Fruit Sampling Guidelines for Area-Wide Fruit Fly Programmes, Enkerlin WR, Reyes J and Ortiz G (eds.), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Vienna, Austria. 45 pp.

[22] FAO/IAEA. 2016. Guidelines for the Use of Mathematics in Operational Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management Programmes Using the Sterile Insect Technique with a Special Focus on Tephritid Fruit Flies. Barclay H.L., Enkerlin W.R., Manoukis, N.C. Reyes-Flores, J. (eds.), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy. 95 pp.

[23] Hoeflich, Enkerlin; Raul, Walther (1997). Economic analysis of management for the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wied.) (Ph.D).

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