Virginia Bourbon del Monte
Virginia Bourbon del Monte | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Virginia Bourbon del Monte dei principi di San Faustino 24 May 1899 Rome, Italy |
| Died | 30 November 1945 (aged 46) Pisa, Italy |
| Noble family | Bourbon del Monte |
| Spouse(s) | Edoardo Agnelli |
| Issue | Princess Clara von Fürstenberg (1920–2016) Gianni Agnelli (1921–2003) Susanna, Contessa Rattazzi (1922–2009) Maria Sole (1925) Cristiana, Contessa Brandolini d'Adda (1927) Giorgio Agnelli (1929–1965) Umberto Agnelli (1934–2004) |
| Father | Carlo Bourbon del Monte, Prince di San Faustino |
| Mother | Jane Allen Campbell |
Donna Virginia Bourbon del Monte dei principi di San Faustino (24 May 1899 – 30 November 1945) was the wife of Edoardo Agnelli and the mother of Gianni Agnelli.
Biography
[edit]Born in Rome, she was the daughter of Carlo Bourbon del Monte, Prince di San Faustino (1867–1917), a descendant of an ancient Tuscan-Umbrian family,[1] with a noble title awarded by Pope Pius IX in 1861.[2] Her brother Ranieri Bourbon del Monte Santa Maria, Prince of San Faustino, was the first husband of painter Kay Sage. Her mother was the American heiress Jane Allen Campbell (1865–1938); originally from New Jersey, she was the daughter of a wealthy American linseed oil trader, the son of Ludlow D. Campbell, George W. Campbell, and his second wife, Virginia Watson. After Campbell's death, which took place in the first half of the 1890s, the widow moved with her daughter to Rome, where the young Campbell met and married Carlo Bourbon del Monte in 1897. On 5 June 1919, she married Edoardo Agnelli, the son of senator and Fiat co-founder Giovanni Agnelli.[3][4] She became a widow on 14 July 1935, as her husband died in a plane crash in the seadrome of Genoa.[5][6]
A few months after the death of her husband, she engaged in an intimate relationship with the journalist and writer Curzio Malaparte. Their wedding ceremony, which was originally scheduled for October 1936,[7] did not take place due to the opposition of her father-in-law. Moreover, Curzio had become unpopular among the highest authorities of Benito Mussolini's Italian fascist regime. As a consequence, Curzio had been expelled from the National Fascist Party (PNF) and forced into exile on the island of Lipari for a certain period of time in 1933. Meanwhile, she had to face a tough confrontation with her father-in-law, who tried to claim parental authority over her seven children by all means after finding out that the two lovers were about to get married. In deliberating on this issue, the Court of Turin pronounced a verdict against the mother. The dispute went on with several legal actions until she decided to move to Rome. Since there were better chances for her of being favoured by the judicial authorities of Rome, her father-in-law finally gave his consent to negotiate a compromise agreement by the end of 1937. Its most important aspect was the granting of child custody to Virginia; this settlement was the one supported by her children themselves.[8]
She was arrested in Rome on 8 September 1943, since she was the daughter of a U.S. citizen, a country at that time at war against Nazi Germany, and confined in a villa on the Caelian Hill,[9] from which she was then able to escape. After coming back to Rome as a free person, in collaboration with Colonel Eugen Dollmann, she arranged a meeting in Vatican City between Pope Pius XII and General Karl Wolff. The latter was the Military Governor and the Supreme Commander of the SS and of the police in Northern Italy. The meeting was intended to avoid bloodshed during the imminent German retreat from Rome. It was successful, and led to the release from prison of Giuliano Vassalli, a jurist and member of the Italian Resistance, who had been held in detention by the SS in their headquarters in the German Embassy on 145 via Tasso.[10]
She died in a car accident near Pisa in the late afternoon of 30 November 1945, fifteen days before the death of her father-in-law,[11] after the car in which she was traveling on its way from Rome to Forte dei Marmi was hit head-on by a U.S. Army truck. She died instantly. The fatal crash occurred on the via Aurelia in proximity to the pine forest of San Rossore.[12]
References
[edit]- ^ Bencivenga, Adamo (2018). "Virginia Agnelli. Fragile come farfalla, forte come leonessa". LiberaEva (in Italian). Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ Mascheroni, Luigi (26 June 2010). "Una lady fuoriserie, come la sua vita". Il Giornale (in Italian). Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ "La famiglia Agnelli: una stirpe di imprenditori". Rivista Zoom (in Italian). 7 September 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ "La famiglia Agnelli: una delle più grandi dinastie italiane". Elle Italia (in Italian). 11 May 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ Kovick, Margaret (9 March 2021). "The personal history of Giovanni 'Gianni' Agnelli". Wanted in Rome. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ Castellani, Massimo (23 December 2022). "Calcio. Juventus, 100 anni sotto la real casa Agnelli". Avvenire (in Italian). Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ Mecucci, Gabriella; Ripa di Meana, Marina (2010). Virginia Agnelli. Madre e farfalla (in Italian). Argelato: Minerva Edizioni. p. 143. ISBN 978-88-7381-307-1.
- ^ Mecucci, Gabriella; Ripa di Meana, Marina (2010). Virginia Agnelli. Madre e farfalla (in Italian). Argelato: Minerva Edizioni. pp. 160–171. ISBN 978-88-7381-307-1.
- ^ Pacelli, Mario (2016). "La principessa e il lupo". Nuova Antologia (in Italian). 617 (2280, 4). Milan: Mondadori Education: 236–243. doi:10.1400/252921. ISSN 2239-7418.
- ^ Mecucci, Gabriella; Ripa di Meana, Marina (2010). Virginia Agnelli. Madre e farfalla (in Italian). Argelato: Minerva Edizioni. pp. 201–206. ISBN 978-88-7381-307-1.
- ^ Francesconi, Giovanna (28 November 2022). "Virginia Bourbon Del Monte: una Agnelli Dimenticata". Vanilla Magazine. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ^ Mecucci, Gabriella; Ripa di Meana, Marina (2010). Virginia Agnelli. Madre e farfalla (in Italian). Argelato: Minerva Edizioni. p. 236. ISBN 978-88-7381-307-1.
Further reading
[edit]- Clark, Jennifer (2024). L'ultima dinastia. La saga della famiglia Agnelli da Giovanni a John (in Italian). Milan: Solferino. ISBN 978-88-282-1455-7.
- Ferrante, Marco (2007). Casa Agnelli. Storie e personaggi dell'ultima dinastia italiana (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. ISBN 978-88-04-56673-1.
- Friedman, Alan (1988). Agnelli and the Network of Italian Power. London: Mandarin Paperback (Octopus Publishing Group). ISBN 0-7493-0093-0.
- Galli, Giancarlo (2003). Gli Agnelli. Il tramonto di una dinastia (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. ISBN 88-04-51768-9.
- Geddes da Filicaia, Costanza (2010). "Signora del mito". Caffè Michelangiolo (January–April). Florenze: Polistampa: 1–4. doi:10.1400/166119.
- Mola di Nomaglio, Gustavo (1998). Gli Agnelli. Storia e genealogia di una grande famiglia piemontese dal XVI secolo al 1866 (in Italian). Turin: Centro Studi Piemontesi. ISBN 88-8262-099-9.
- Moncalvo, Gigi (2012). Agnelli segreti: peccati, passioni e verità nascoste dell'ultima "famiglia reale" italiana (in Italian). Florence: Vallecchi. ISBN 978-88-8427-236-2.
- Moncalvo, Gigi (2022). Agnelli Coltelli (in Italian). Florence: Vallecchi. ISBN 978-88-25-20348-6.
- Ori, Angiolo Silvio (1996). Storia di una dinastia: gli Agnelli e la Fiat (in Italian). Rome: Editori Riuniti. ISBN 88-35-94059-1.
External links
[edit]- Bourbon del Monte Virginia at Galileum Autografi
- Bourbon del Monte Santa Maria: linee di Ancona (poi detta di San Faustino) e di Pesaro at Golden Book of the Mediterranean Nobility