Metapenaeus monoceros
| Metapenaeus monoceros | |
|---|---|
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Научная классификация 
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| Домен: | Эукариота |
| Королевство: | Животное |
| Филум: | Членистоногие |
| Сорт: | Малакостра |
| Заказ: | Decapoda |
| Подотряд: | Дендробрачиата |
| Семья: | Penaeidae |
| Род: | Metapenaeus |
| Разновидность: | Мистер Моносерос
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| Binomial name | |
| Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798)
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| Synonyms [1][2] | |
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Metapennaeus monocers - это вид креветки семействе Penaeidae в Он также известен как крапчатые креветки , коричневые креветки и розовые креветки на английском языке, Crevette Muchetee на французском языке, Camoraón Moteado на испанском, Конани Чингри или Хонье Чингри в Индии, имбирная креветка в Южной Африке и Чудан -Химмены в малаялам. [ 2 ]
Распределение и экология
[ редактировать ]Metapenaeus Monoceros является родным в Индо-западной части Тихого океана от Дурбана до Красного моря вдоль африканского побережья и вокруг Индии. Теперь он также вторгся в восточное Средиземное море через Суэцкий канал , [ 3 ] Устранение популяции местных видов Melicertus kerathurus в этих районах. [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
Metapenaeus monoceros обнаруживается на глубине 170 метров (560 футов), но обычно встречается между 10 м (33 футами) до 30 м (98 футов). Они предпочитают песчаные или песчаные дниты грязи. Они живут в солоноватой воде или морской экосистеме. [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
Описание
[ редактировать ]Adult M. monoceros are pale grey with dark brown spots giving them the name brown shrimp or speckled shrimp. Their body is covered with short hairs. They have red–orange antennae. They are medium-sized prawns with males growing up to 15 centimetres (5.9 in) and females growing up to 20 cm (7.9 in). Males have a prominent curved spine on fifth pereiopod (walking leg).[4] The maximum recorded weight is 170 grams (6.0 oz), but most individuals weigh less than 30 g (1.1 oz).[citation needed]
Reproduction
[edit]Metapenaeus monoceros is believed to be a continuous breeder with two major spawning seasons. These seasons were found to vary with time and location and environmental factors. In Tunisia, spawning seasons are May–June and October–November. In Egypt, May and July–October were found to be the spawning seasons. In Turkey spawning occurred between November and January. In India, December–April and August–September are the two main spawning seasons. Similarly, minimum size at sexual maturity also varied across range and possibly with sampling seasons, with males reaching sexual maturity from 7.5 cm (3.0 in) in Turkey, 7.6 cm (3.0 in) in Tunisia, and 9.5 cm (3.7 in) in India and Egypt. Size at maturity for females were 11.4 cm (4.5 in) in India, 11.6 cm (4.6 in) in Turkey and 12.2 cm (4.8 in) in Tunisia.[4][6]
Commercial importance
[edit]Metapenaeus monoceros is of commercial importance throughout its range. It is important in African coastal countries, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Turkey, Israel and Egypt.
References
[edit]- ^ Charles Fransen, Sammy De Grave & Michael Türkay (2013). "Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
- ^ Jump up to: a b L. B. Holthuis (1980). "Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius, 1798)" (PDF). Shrimps and Prawns of the World: an Annotated Catalogue of Species of Interest to Fisheries. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 125. Food and Agriculture Organization. pp. 26–27. ISBN 92-5-100896-5.
- ^ Gilberto Rodríguez & Héctor Suárez (2001). "Anthropogenic dispersal of decapod crustaceans in aquatic environments". Interciencia. 26 (7): 282–288. Archived from the original on 2012-12-25.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d M. Otero; E. Cebrian; P. Francour; B. Galil; D. Savini (2013). Monitoring Marine Invasive Species in Mediterranean Marine Protected Areas (MPAs): a Strategy and Practical Guide for Managers (PDF). Malaga, Spain: IUCN.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Metapenaeus monoceros". Al Khalsan General Trading LLC. Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
- ^ G. Nandakumar (2001). "Reproductive biology of the speckled shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius)". Indian Journal of Fisheries. 48 (1): l–8.