Seversk
Seversk
Северск | |
|---|---|
 Kurchatova Street in Seversk | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Seversk | |
  Seversk Location of Seversk | |
| Coordinates: 56°36′N 84°51′E / 56.600°N 84.850°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tomsk Oblast[1] |
| Founded | 1949 |
| City status since | 1956 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Nikolay Didenko |
| Elevation | 90 m (300 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 108,590 |
| • Rank | 149th in 2010 |
| • Subordinated to | Seversk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Capital of | Seversk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Seversk Urban Okrug[3] |
| • Capital of | Seversk Urban Okrug[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (MSK+4  [4]) |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 636000 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 3823 |
| OKTMO ID | 69741000001 |
| Website | seversknet |
Seversk (Russian: Се́верск, IPA: [ˈsʲevʲɪrsk]) is a closed city in Tomsk Oblast, Russia, located 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) northwest of Tomsk on the right bank of the Tom River. The population was 108,590 at the 2010 census and 109,106 at the 2002 census.
It was previously known as Pyaty Pochtovy (until 1949)[clarification needed] and Tomsk-7 (until 1992).
Geography
[edit]The city is located 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) northwest of Tomsk on the right bank of the Tom River.
Climate
[edit]Seversk has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb) with warm summer. The annual average temperature is 0.6 °C (33°F). The average temperature in January is between -21 °C (-6°F) and -13 °C (9°F). The average temperature in July is 19.2 °C (67°F). The total annual rainfall is 530 millimeters (21").
History
[edit]Founded in 1949, it was known as Pyaty Pochtovy (Пя́тый Почто́вый, lit. the Fifth Postal) until 1954 and as Tomsk-7 (Томск-7) until 1992.[citation needed] City status was granted to it in 1956.[citation needed]
Administrative and municipal status
[edit]Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with five rural localities, incorporated as Seversk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Seversk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Seversk Urban Okrug.[3]
Economy
[edit]Seversk is the site of the Siberian Chemical Combine, founded in 1954. It comprises several nuclear reactors and chemical plants for separation, enrichment, and reprocessing of uranium and plutonium. Following an agreement in March 2003 between Russia and the United States to shut down Russia's three remaining plutonium-producing reactors, two of the three plutonium producing reactors (the two that are situated in Seversk, at the Sibirskaya Nuclear Power Plant) were shut down.[6][7]
Nuclear warheads are produced and stored on the premises. One of the most serious nuclear accidents at SGCE[further explanation needed] occurred on April 6, 1993, when a tank containing a highly radioactive solution exploded (see § Tomsk-7 explosion).
Government
[edit]The current Chair of the City Duma and Mayor is Grigory Shamin, who has served since 2010. The current city manager is Anatoly Abramov, who has served since August 2007.
Secret city
[edit]
Seversk had been a secret city in the Soviet Union until President Boris Yeltsin decreed in 1992 that such cities could use their historical names. The town had not been marked on the official maps until then. As was the tradition with Soviet towns containing secret facilities, the designation "Tomsk-7" (like its predecessor "Pyaty Pochtovy") is simply a postal code which implies that the place is located close to the city of Tomsk.
For many years, residents have been restricted from entering or leaving the city. Upon leaving Seversk, residents had to surrender their special entry passes at the checkpoint and it was forbidden to discuss where they worked or lived. In 1987, some restrictions were lifted due to the large number of residents who worked or studied in Tomsk.
The city still remains closed to non-residents. There are six checkpoints where visitors must show entry documents. Permission to visit the city may only be granted by the appropriate authorities by a request of the institution being visited, or by a request of a private party such as a close relative. Visitors can apply for entry passes at the main checkpoint; prior to May 2007, they needed to visit a special office in Tomsk.
Tomsk-7 explosion
[edit]There was a nuclear accident at the Tomsk-7 Reprocessing Complex on April 6, 1993, when a tank exploded due to formation of red oil, while nitric acid was being added to a plutonium-uranium mixture. The explosion had a force of approximately 100 kg of TNT and blew out a large section of the exterior wall of the high level radioactive processing room,[8] releasing a cloud of radioactive gas. The cloud was dispersed northwards by the wind, with some of the radioactive material settling over the neighboring village of Georgiyevka.
TIME magazine has identified the Tomsk-7 explosion as one of the world's 10 "worst nuclear disasters".[9] The International Atomic Energy Agency considers the event a Level 3 "serious incident".[10]
Culture
[edit]Seversk has[when?] nine municipal cultural and artistic institutions, as well as four establishments of additional education for children of artistic and aesthetic focus.[citation needed] There is also a nonprofit organization, Ostrovsky House of Culture,[11] and a cinema called Mir.[12]
Education
[edit]There is a major post-secondary school in the city, the Seversk State Technological Academy, a branch of Moscow Engineering Physics Institute.
Notable people from Seversk
[edit]- Anastasia Shishmakova (born 2000), Russian group rhythmic gymnast.
- Margarita Aliychuk (born 1990), Russian group rhythmic gymnast and Olympic champion
- Lyubov Yegorova (born 1966), cross-country skier and Olympic champion
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Law #271-OZ
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Decision #69/1
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ "Russia shuts second plutonium-producing reactor at Seversk". World Nuclear News. June 6, 2008. Archived from the original on July 26, 2011. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
- ^ The remaining operating production reactor is sited at Zheleznogorsk in Krasnoyarsk Krai.
- ^ "36-09".
- ^ "The Worst Nuclear Disasters". TIME. March 25, 2009. Retrieved August 26, 2009.
- ^ THE RADIOLOGICAL ACCIDENT IN THE REPROCESSING PLANT AT TOMSK, International Atomic Energy Agency, https://www-pub.iaea.org/mtcd/publications/pdf/p060_scr.pdf
- ^ Ostrovsky House of Culture
- ^ "Mir".
Sources
[edit]- Государственная Дума Томской области. Закон №271-ОЗ от 22 декабря 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Томской области», в ред. Закона №153-ОЗ от 17 ноября 2014 г. «Об упразднении отдельных административно-территориальных единиц Томской области и о внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Томской области в связи с упразднением отдельных административно-территориальных единиц Томской области». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Томские новости", №51, 24 декабря 2009 г. (State Duma of Tomsk Oblast. Law #271-OZ of December 22, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tomsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #153-OZ of November 17, 2014 On Abolishing Several Administrative-Territorial Units in Tomsk Oblast and on Amending Various Legislative Acts of Tomsk Oblast Due to the Abolition of Several Administrative-Territorial Units in Tomsk Oblast. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the day of the official publication.).
- Собрание народных представителей ЗАТО Северск. Решение №69/1 от 12 апреля 2005 г. «Устав городского округа закрытого административно-территориального образования Северск Томской области», в ред. Решения №65/1 от 28 мая 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Устав городского округа закрытого административно-территориального образования Северск Томской области». Вступил в силу 1 января 2006 г., за исключением положений, для которых установлены иные сроки и порядок вступления в силу. Опубликован: "Диалог", №19, 11 мая 2005 г. (Assembly of People's Representatives of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formation of Seversk. Decision #69/1 of April 12, 2005 Charter of the Urban Okrug of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formation of Seversk of Tomsk Oblast, as amended by the Decision #65/1 of May 28, 2015 On Amending the Charter of the Urban Okrug of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formation of Seversk of Tomsk Oblast. Effective as of January 1, 2006, with the exception of clauses for which other dates and procedures of taking effect are specified.).
External links
[edit]- Official website of Seversk (in Russian)
- Photo album of Seversk
- Official website of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises (in Russian)
- BISNIS report about SGCE
- Newspaper Novyj Dialog