Joan Çetiri (Katro)
Joan Çetiri, Grabovari also as Jovan Četirević Grabovan (Serbian Cyrillic: Јован Четиревић Грабован; c. 1720–1781), was a Serbian icon painter from Albania active during the 18th century; he is regarded one of the masters of Orthodox iconostasis painting. Among others, he painted the Lepavina and Orahovica monasteries, and together with his brother Gjergj, many churches in Serbia and in Albania, like The Dormition of the Theotokos’ Church in Berat, Saint Nicholas’ Church in Vanaj, Fier, and Saint Athanasius’ Church in Karavasta (Myzeqe).
Life
[edit]Çetiri was born in Grabovë (Elbasan), in Central Albania.[1][2] His family was of Greek-Aromanian descent which links him to the ateliers of northern Greece and Epirus.[3][4][5] Most of his career was spent up north in the Hapsburg Empire where his reputation rests as a Serbian painter of Greek-Aromanian origin.
His professional career began in the Habsburg territories, such as Osijek (today in Croatia), and what is today Vojvodina, in the service of Orthodox Serbs (the Metropolitanate of Karlovci). Although his painting style was from the southern Balkans, he was influenced by the Western art style, in order to fulfill the wider tastes of his employers.[5] His works are to be found in Serbian Orthodox churches scattered across Croatia (Slavonia), Hungary and Vojvodina.
From the church registers, we know that Joan Çetiri lived in Osijek with his mother, brother, sister and six children. It was here that Çetiri got acquainted with the baroque painting that would transform his work. He remained living in this town until his death and he signed most of his icons as the “inhabitant of Osijek” (stanovnik osečki).[citation needed]
Work
[edit]Grabovari is considered to be one of the best icon painters of the period. He modeled notions of late medieval, so called “zoographic” painting which he brought from his native land and absorbed the much sought new, baroque style. He developed an original style, somewhat more traditional in comparison with other Serbian icon painters of the period. On the other hand, Grabovari was an inquiring mind and he adopted many baroque features developing a bolder, more independent style, with exquisite baroque modeling of figures which are now much less static, naturalistic portraits and absence of golden background. In some of his works (Szekesfehervar iconostasis), with his light palette Grabovari even comes close to Rococo style.
Grabovari painted a number of iconostasises, all of them in Serb churches and monasteries. This is a list of some of his works:
- Molovin church in Srem (1772)
- Orahovica church in Slavonia (1775)
- monastery of Lepavina in Croatia (1775)
- Székesfehérvár church in Hungary (together with Grigorije Popović, 1776)
- Slatina church (1785)
- Pavlovac church in Croatia
His last work dates from 1780.
It seems that he was also working as a wood carver.
See also
[edit]- Teodor Ilić Češljar
- Stefan Tenecki
- Dimitrije Bačević
- Georgije Bakalović
- Jovan Pačić
- Stefan Gavrilović
- Teodor Kračun
- Janko Halkozović
- Jakov Orfelin
- Petar Nikolajević Moler
- Konstantin Danil
References
[edit]- ^ Dušan J. Popović (1990). Srbi u Vojvodini. Matica srpska. ISBN 9788636301753.
Његов земљак Јован Грабован Чатир (Четир, Чатировић, Четировић, рођен је око 1720. у Грабови, у околини Охрида) остао је у традицијама нашег средњовековног зографског сликарства. Овај одлични мајстор израдио је ...
- ^ Matica srpska (Novi Sad, Serbia). Odeljenje za društvene nauke (1959). Zbornik za društvene nauke. Vol. 23–28. Matica srpska.
Тако је утврђено ... да је Јован Четиревић Грабован родом из села Грабова код Охрида
- ^ Davidov, Dinko (1990). Споменици будимске епархије. ISBN 9788607004805.
- ^ Dinko Davidov (1990). Spomenici Budimske eparhije. Просвета. ISBN 9788607004805.
славне црквене општине уведена је и цинцарска породица Грабован. Ту је записано и име сликара Јована, који је у овом граду живео са мајком, браћом, сестром, женом и шесторо деце. Највероватније је у овом граду имао ...
- ^ Jump up to: a b Dejan Medaković (1980). Srpska umetnost u XVIII veku. Srpska književna zadruga. pp. 52–54.
- Dinko Davidov, Spomenici Budimske eparhije, Beograd – Novi Sad 1990, pp. 60–61, 418
- Dejan Medaković, Barok kod Srba, Zagreb 1988, pp. 143–144
- Kučeković A. 2004. Ikonostas Jovana Četirevića Grabovana u Orahovici. Zbornik radova Narodnog muzeja - Istorija umetnosti 17, (2): 219-242 (excerpt in English: *http://scindeks.ceon.rs/article.aspx?query=ISSID%26and%263700&page=9&sort=8&backurl=%2Fissue.aspx%3Fissue%3D3700)
- Dr Dušan J. Popović, Srbi u Vojvodini 2, Novi Sad 1990, pp. 421–422