Атолл Хаддхатхи

Правительство Ателла
Location of Laamu in Maldives
Country	Maldives
Corresponding geographic atoll(s)	Haddhunmathi
Location	2° 08' N and 1° 47' N
Capital	Fonadhoo
Government
• Atoll Chief	Mohamed Naeem [1]
Population
• Total	14,313
Letter code	O
Dhivehi letter code	L (ލ)
• Number of islands	82
• Inhabited islands	Dhanbidhoo Fonadhoo Gaadhoo Gan Hithadhoo Isdhoo Kalaidhoo Kunahandhoo Maabaidhoo Maamendhoo Maavah Mundoo Maandhoo
• Uninhabited islands	Athahédha, Berasdhoo, Bileitheyrahaa, Bodufenrahaa, Bodufinolhu, Boduhuraa, Bodumaabulhali, Bokaiffushi, Dhekunu Vinagandu, Faés, Fonagaadhoo, Fushi, Gasfinolhu, Guraidhoo, Hanhushi, Hedha, Holhurahaa, Hulhimendhoo, Hulhisdhoo, Hulhiyandhoo, Kadhdhoo, Kalhuhuraa, Kandaru, Kudafares, Kudafushi, Kudahuraa, Kudakalhaidhoo, Kukurahaa, Maakaulhuveli, Maaveshi, Mahakanfushi, Medhafushi, Medhoo, Medhufinolhu, Medhuvinagandu, Munyafushi, Olhutholhu, Olhuveli, Thunburi, Thundudhoshufushi Nolhoo, Uthuruvinagandu, Uvadhevifushi, Vadinolhu, Veligandufinolhu, Ziyaaraiffushi
Resort islands(*), airports(¤) and industrial islands are also considered uninhabited.

Haddhunmathi или Laamu Атолл (Dhivehi: ހައްދުންމަތި އަތޮޅު އަތޮޅު އަތޮޅު އަތޮޅު) является разделением Мальдив административным . Административный капитал - остров Фонадху . Это соответствует естественному атоллу с одноименным именем. В основном это оправляется барьерными рифами, самые широкие из которых увенчаны островами. Вдоль его восточных и южных границ есть много островов. Этот атолл довольно регулярно исключает проекцию рифа в его углу NE (Isdhū Muli). Он очень похож на Колхумадулу, его соседа дальше на север. Благодаря своей типичной форме атолла, он не отличается в отношении атоллов в Тихом океане, за исключением его большего размера. Его рифы, как правило, имеют небольшую ширину, без признаков вилу (глубоких бассейнов), за исключением его восточных полос, которые покрыты островами, которые довольно велики по мальдивским стандартам. Лагуна сравнительно открыта, содержит рассеянные пластыри для петли; Дно грязно, а средняя глубина составляет от 30 до 34 садов (от 55 до 62 м).

Атолл Хаддхаммати образует южный предел центральных Мальдив. Помимо Хувадху Канду, самый широкий канал между атоллами на Мальдивах, лежат южными атоллами.

Этимология

Traditionally, Maldivians simply call this atoll Haddhunmathi, without adding the word Atholhu (Atoll) at the end. Before that the name of the atoll was Sathu Dhuvu mathi named after the seven main islands.

Geography

It is mostly rimmed by barrier reefs, the broadest of which are topped by islands. There are many islands along its eastern and southern boundaries.

This atoll is quite regular except for the projection of the reef at its NE corner (Isdhū Muli). It closely resembles Kolhumadulhu, its neighbour further north. Owing to its typical atoll shape, it differs in no respect from atolls in the Pacific Ocean, save for its greater size. Its reefs are generally of little breadth, with no signs of vilu (deep pools), except for its eastern fringes which are covered with islands that are quite large by Maldive standards. The lagoon is comparatively open, containing scattered shoal patches; the bottom is muddy and the average depth is from 30 to 34 fathoms (55 to 62 m).

Laamu Atoll forms the southern limit of Central Maldives. Beyond the Huvadhu Kandu, the broadest channel between atolls in the Maldives, lie the southern atolls.

Kadhdhoo Domestic Airport is located on Kadhdhoo.

Buddhism in Haddhunmathi

This atoll was playing an important role in the Maldives when the nation was a Buddhist Kingdom. Many of the islands located on Haddhunmathi's eastern reef have important Buddhist archaeological sites, like Dhanbidhoo, Mundoo, Gan and Isdhoo. These are remains of monasteries, viharas and stupas of large proportions.

Some of the most ancient writings of the Maldives are the Isdhū Lōmāfānu and the Dhanbidhū Lōmāfānu copperplates, relating to the conversion to Islam, the destruction of the Buddhist monuments, the beheading of the Buddhist monks and the building of mosques to replace the Buddhist temples and monasteries. These copperplates are from the year 1193 AD. The Maldivian king back then according to these documents was Sri Gadana Aditya Maharadun. A tentative transcription of the Dhanbidū lōmafānu was made by M. Ibrahim Loutfi and was subsequently published in 'Faiytūra', the organ of the Maldivian Cultural Affairs Council.

The temple compound at one of the Buddhist sites in Gan Island

H. C. P. Bell excavated some of the Buddhist sites in 1923. The stupa in Kuruhinna, one of the Buddhist sites in Gan Island, was remarkably well preserved. Only the Chattravali (Satihirutalu) was missing. Unfortunately these sites have been vandalized since then and there is almost nothing remaining now, except for a heap of stones and gravel. The cause of heavy destruction during recent years has been archaeological excavations on those sites themselves. Regrettably, these investigations were either done carelessly, or left the site unprotected after excavation. The removal of the sheltering jungle exposed the site to subsequent vandalism. Often local inhabitants plundered the place in the vain hope of finding gold or other treasures, as soon as the archaeologists and accompanying government officials left the island. The Dhanbidhū Lōmāfānu tells us that the Satihirutalu (the chattravali or chattrayashti crowning a stupa) were broken to disfigure the numerous stupas. It tells us also that statues of Vairocana, the transcendent Buddha of the middle world region, were destroyed; and the destruction was not limited to sculptures.

The wealth of manuscripts probably written on screwpine leaves that Maldivian monks in their Buddhist monasteries must have produced was either burnt or otherwise so thoroughly eliminated that it has disappeared without leaving any trace. Therefore, there are no samples of paintings from the Maldive Buddhist period itself. The only actual remains of the art of those times are a few sculptures and etchings on coral stone. Most of these are preserved in a little room in the Malé Museum, but many they are not properly labelled, so it is not easy to know where they come from.

A Buddha head found by H.C.P. Bell during his excavations in this atoll has disappeared, but the picture taken by Bell can be seen in his monograph.

In popular culture

Scenes from the 2016 film, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, were filmed here, specifically the scenes on the planet Scarif, which is portrayed as a tropical planet.

See also

• History of the Maldives
• List of Star Wars filming locations

References

• Divehi Tārīhah au alikamah . Дови Бахай Тарихах Аль -Кхидай Хидесскен Перепечатка 1958 Edn. Малес 1990.
• Jōgravuded Vanavaru . Мухаммед Авраам Лутфи. Г.сосани.
• Али Наджиб, Дамбуди Ломафану . Совет по лингвистическим и историческим исследованиям. Мужчина 2001 год.
• HCP Bell , выдержки Maldiviana . Перепечатка Коломбо 1922/35. Аэс Дели 1999.
• Haanku & Gd Wijayawarhana, Isddhoo Lomafaan
• Белл, HCP, Мальдивские острова; Монография по истории, археологии и эпиграфии . Перепечатка Colombo 1940. Совет по лингвистическим и историческим исследованиям. Мале 1989.
• Ксавье Ромеро-Фриас , Мальдив-островитяне, изучение популярной культуры древнего океана . Барселона 1999.