Искусственная бурная вода

Kayaking and Rafting at Holme Pierrepont, England

Rafting and canoeing at Dutch Water Dreams

Поле с искусственной бурной водой (AWWC) - это место для гребли на каноэ по бурной воде , каякинга по бурной воде , гонок по бурной воде , рафтинга , катания на лодках и слаломного катания на каноэ с искусственно созданными порогами .

Типы курсов

Основные виды курсов:

Отклонение потока

Они работают путем отклонения естественной реки путем размещения валунов или плотин или путем создания новых каналов рядом с существующей рекой, возможно, с помощью плотины или стока из электростанции.

Приливное действие

Created in estuaries with large tidal reaches, on a barrage across the river. The barrage is opened during a rising high tide to allow the sea water in, then shut as the tide turns. The water stored above the barrage is then forced through an artificial channel to provide water features.

Pumped

The nature of artificial whitewater courses necessitates the need for a drop in the river, and enough water flow to provide hydraulics. When this isn't possible (often in flat low-lying areas), electric pumps are used to lift and re-circulate the water to the top of the course. The shapes of these courses are commonly circular or U-shaped.

Pumped courses are extremely expensive to run, typically 1-2 megawatts of electrical power are needed to pump 15 cubic metres per second of water down a course with a 5-meter drop in height.

Altered Riverbed

These courses are created in existing natural river channels, but are enhanced with strategic placement of new rocks, boulders, or concrete structures. Some are downstream of river or channel wide dams and therefore have some level of flow optimization, others are subject to seasonal flows.

Olympic whitewater courses

1972 - Augsburg Eiskanal in Augsburg, Germany — flow diversion
1992 - Segre Olympic Park in La Seu d'Urgell, Spain — flow diversion/pumped
1996 - Ocoee Whitewater Center near Copperhill, Tennessee, United States — altered riverbed
2000 - Penrith Whitewater Stadium, near Sydney, Australia — pumped
2004 - Hellinikon Olympic Canoe/Kayak Slalom Centre, Athens, Greece — pumped
2008 - Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park, Beijing, China — pumped
2012 - Lee Valley White Water Centre, London, England — pumped
2016 - Deodoro Olympic Whitewater Stadium, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil — pumped
2021 - Kasai Canoe Slalom Centre, Tokyo, Japan — pumped ^[1]
2024 - Vaires-sur-Marne Nautical Stadium [fr], Vaires-sur-Marne, France — pumped
2028 - Riversport Rapids Whitewater Center, Oklahoma City, United States

Other notable courses

Adventure Sports Center International in McHenry, Maryland, United States — pumped
Canolfan Tryweryn near Bala, Gwynedd, North Wales — natural flow modifications
Cardington Artificial Slalom Course near Bedford, England — flow diversion
Dickerson Whitewater Course in Dickerson, Maryland, United States — pumped
Dutch Water Dreams in Zoetermeer, Netherlands — pumped
Holme Pierrepont in Nottingham, England — flow diversion
U.S. National Whitewater Center, near Charlotte, North Carolina, United States — pumped
Nene Whitewater Centre in Northampton, England — pumped
Rutherford Creek in British Columbia, Canada — flow diversion
Tacen Whitewater Course near Ljubljana, Slovenia — flow diversion
Tees Barrage International White Water Course in Stockton-on-Tees, England — converted from tidal to pumped in 2010/2011
Čunovo Water Sports Centre near Čunovo, Slovakia — flow diversion
Canal de aguas bravas, Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain^[2]
Wadi Adventure in Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates — pumped^[3]

В стадии планирования или строительства

Ссылки

^ Международная федерация каноэ: открылась площадка для слалома в Токио [1]
^ Аквапарк «Луис Бунюэль» http://www.parquedelagua.com/parque-del-agua . Проверено 10 февраля 2020 г. {{cite web}}: Отсутствует или пусто |title= ( помощь )
^ Вади-приключения https://www.wadiadventure.ae/ . Проверено 10 февраля 2020 г. {{cite web}}: Отсутствует или пусто |title= ( помощь )

Внешние ссылки

[1] Международная федерация каноэ: открылась площадка для слалома в Токио [1]

[2] Аквапарк «Луис Бунюэль» http://www.parquedelagua.com/parque-del-agua . Проверено 10 февраля 2020 г. {{cite web}}: Отсутствует или пусто |title= ( помощь )

[3] Вади-приключения https://www.wadiadventure.ae/ . Проверено 10 февраля 2020 г. {{cite web}}: Отсутствует или пусто |title= ( помощь )

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