Iris pamphylica
| Iris pamphylica | |
|---|---|
Научная классификация 
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| Королевство: | Plantae |
| Клада : | Трахеофиты |
| Клада : | Покрытосеменные |
| Клада : | Монокоты |
| Заказ: | Аспарагал |
| Семья: | Iridaceae |
| Род: | Радужная оболочка |
| Семья: | Радужная оболочка. Hermodactyloides |
| Раздел: | Ирис секта. Ретикулата |
| Разновидность: | I. Pamphylica
|
| Биномиальное название | |
| Iris pamphylica ( Изгородь )
| |
Iris pamphylica - это вид растений в роде Iris . Это крупнейший член подрода Hermodactyloides , он также находится в разделе Reticulatae . Это выпуклое многолетнее многолетнее время из провинции Антали в Турции , Азия. Он имеет длинные узкие листья, более короткий стебель, держащий двухцветный цветок в оттенках фиолетового, синего или фиолетового коричневого цвета, с желтой, фиолетовой секцией на лепестках.
Описание
[ редактировать ]У него длинная и тонкая лампочка, [ 1 ] у этого есть тонкая сетка «туника», [ 2 ] Внизу находятся густые мясистые корни. [ 1 ] У основания луковицы есть короткие тонкие волосы, а также несколько байс, которые могут вырасти в взрослые лампы. [ 2 ]
Весной он имеет линейный, [ 1 ] узкие листья, [ 3 ] Это выглядит квадратным, как виден в поперечном сечении. [ 2 ] [ 4 ] Когда в цвете листья имеют высоту от 10 до 20 см (3,9–7,9 дюйма). [ 5 ] Позже листья простираются до 55 см (22 дюйма), когда в полном росте. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 4 ] В мезофилле (между верхним и нижним слоями эпидермиса ) были обнаружены гексагональные кристаллы. [ 6 ]
Он имеет стебель, высокий между 10–25 см (3,9–9,8 дюйма), [ 2 ] Сделав его вторым самым высоким Hermodactyloide Iris после Iris Tuberosa . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
The stem has several green, inflated spathes (leaves of the flower bud).[2]
It blooms in late winter-spring,[5] or early spring.[3] The slightly fragrant flowers,[1] are 5–6 cm (2–2 in) in diameter.[4] They are carried on a stem (unlike other species in the subgenus),[4] and are bi-coloured.[2] They come in shades of purple,[1] blue or purple-brown.[7] Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'.[8]: 17 The reflexed elliptic falls are 3.5–4 cm (1–2 in) long, purple-brown,[2][7] in the centre of the petal is a yellow blotch,[7] or yellow, purple-spotted median ridge.[1][2] The narrowly oblanceolate shaped standards are 4 cm (1.6 in), long and 0.6 cm wide, they are pale to deep blue, veined darker.[2]
It has style branches which are 3.5 cm long,[2] the bract same length as perianth tube at 2 cm long.[2][9]
In 2017, a comparison was carried out on the morphological and anatomical properties of Iris masia and Iris pamphylica (another endangered Turkish endemic iris), it was found that the leaves of both taxa have xeromorphic structure.[10]
Biochemistry
[edit]As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[8]: 18 It has a count of 2n = 20.[1]
Taxonomy
[edit]It was published and described by Ian Charleson Hedge in 'Notes of the Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh' Vol.23 on page 557 in 1961.[11][12] It was also recorded in the Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society No.96 in 1971.[5]
It has been named after the old name for the region of Turkey, Pamphylia. In Turkish, it is known as Akseki navruzu.[13]
Iris pamphylica is an accepted name by the RHS,[14] and it was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 4 April 2003, then updated on 3 December 2004.[15]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]It is native to temperate Asia.[15]
Range
[edit]It is found in Turkey,[6][16] within the Antalya Province (near Manavgat),[2][16] and Mount Taurus.[1][3]
Habitat
[edit]It is found in fields,[2] and on the edges of oak forests,[2] and open woodland on limestone soils.[3] It is normally found at 700–1,500 m (2,300–4,900 ft) above sea level.[1][2]
Conservation
[edit]It was on the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants,[17] and was listed in the 'endangered' category of the Red Data Book of Turkish Plants (Ekim et al., 2001). It needs legal protection of habitat and help with propagation, such as tissue culture techniques.[16]
Cultivation
[edit]It likes to grow in loamy soils,[18] and is hardy, but not as hardy as other bulbs in the series.[1] It is suitable to grow in rock gardens or in pots.[1]
Toxicity
[edit]Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.[19]
Culture
[edit]In Turkey, it has featured on the 7,500,000 lira coin (as part of the Turkish flowers set, issued in 2002).[20][21]
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Chapter III bulbous irises". irisbotanique.over-blog.com. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q British Iris Society A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 279, at Google Books
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Basak Gardner & Chris Gardner Flora of the Silk Road: The Complete Illustrated Guide, p. 76, at Google Books
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Iris pamphylica". encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Walters, Stuart Max (Editor) European Garden Flora: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated, p. 354, at Google Books
- ^ Jump up to: a b Kandemir, N. (2015). "Leaf Anatomical Properties of Some Rare and Endemic Iris L. Taxa and Their Relations : subgenus Hermodactyloides in Turkey". The Iranian Journal of Botany. 21 (2): 142–151. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Reticulata Irises". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Austin, Claire (2005). Irises; A Garden Encyclopedia. Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-730-9.
- ^ Beauchamp, R. Mitchel (1989). Herbertia, Volume 45. The American Plant Life Society.
- ^ Kandemir, N.; Çelik, A. (14 September 2017). "Comparison of morphological and anatomical properties of endangered endemic Iris pamphylica and I. masia in Turkey" (PDF). Acta Botanica Hungarica. 59 (3–4): 371–388. doi:10.1556/034.59.2017.3-4.6.
- ^ "Canadian Iris Society, CIS newsletter Winter 2013, Volume 57, Issue 1" (PDF). www.e-clipse.ca. 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
- ^ "Iridaceae Iris pamphylica Hedge". ipni.org. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ "The Peerless flowers of Turkey" (PDF). floriade2012turkey.com. 2012. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
- ^ "Iris pamphylica". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Iris pamphylica". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Nasircilar, Ayse Gul; Deniz, Ismail Gokhan (2014). "An Alternative Plant Propagation and Conservation Process for Iris Pampyhlica an Endemic and Endangered Geophyte" (PDF). Fifth International Scientific Agricultural Symposium Agrosym 2014. pp. 346–351. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
- ^ Kerry Scott Walter and Harriet J. Gillett (Editors) 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants, p. 679, at Google Books
- ^ Kandemir, Nezahat; Çeliki, Ali; Surucu, Abdulkadir (12 October 2011). "Ecological Response of some Iris L. Taxa (Iridaceae) In Turkey" (pdf). www.banglajol.info (Department of Biology, Education Faculty, Amasya University). Retrieved 21 July 2014.
- ^ David G Spoerke and Susan C. Smolinske Toxicity of Houseplants, p. 236, at Google Books
- ^ "7,500,000 lira". en.numista.com. Numista. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
- ^ George S. Cuha (Editor) 2016 Standard Catalog of World Coins 2001-Date , p. 1249, at Google Books
Other sources
[edit]- Davis, Ph, ed. 1965–1988. Флора Турции и Восточные Эгейские острова.
- Мэтью, Б. 1981. Айрис. 177–178.
Внешние ссылки
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Данные, связанные с Iris pamphylica в Википедии