Муравей
Муравей | |
---|---|
Координаты: 39 ° 39 'с 72 ° 57′W / 39,650 ° S 72,950 ° W | |
Страна | Чили |
Region | Los Rios |
Province | Valdivia |
Founded | 17 July 1964 |
Government | |
• Type | Municipality |
• Alcalde | Claudio Sepúlveda Miranda |
Area | |
• Total | 582.7 km2 (225.0 sq mi) |
Elevation | 14 m (46 ft) |
Population (2012 Census)[2] | |
• Total | 7,212 |
• Density | 12/km2 (32/sq mi) |
• Urban | 4,250 |
• Rural | 3,417 |
Sex | |
• Men | 3,773 |
• Women | 3,440 |
Time zone | UTC-4 (CLT[3]) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-3 (CLST[4]) |
Area code | 56 + 63 |
Website | Municipality of Máfil |
Мафил ( Мапудунгун для охвата между реками ) - город и коммуна провинции Вальдивия , регион Лос -Риос на юге Чили , примерно в 30 км к северо -востоку Вальдивии от
Коммуна является местом дневниковой индустрии [ 5 ] и город Мафил местный центр торговли и услуг, такой как базовое образование и общественный центр здравоохранения . [ 6 ] [ 7 ] По сравнению с другими коммунами региона Лос -Риос Мафил выделяется своим центральным положением и хорошими дорожными связями с окружающими коммунами. [ 8 ]
Климат Máfil - умеренный океанический океан, по крайней мере, с четырьмя сухими месяцами. [ 9 ] В общей сложности 803 мм осадков происходит зимой и 189 мм летом в соответствии с средними значениями, рассчитанными в 1989 году. [ 10 ] Естественная растительность мафила - вальдивианские умеренные леса . [ 9 ]
Основными природными ресурсами Мафила являются лес и их древесина, золото Мадре -де -Диос и уголь в Купуне и Миллахуллине . [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Коммуна имеет почвы вулканического происхождения, включая Trumaos . [ 13 ]
История
[ редактировать ]The lands of Máfil were formerly known as Pidey and were chiefly populated by Huilliches.[14] In the second half of the 19th century, German farmers settled in Máfil.[15] The change in name to Máfil is attributed to a land survey map published in 1910 where it appeared.[14] In 1953 a large coal gasification plant began to be developed in Pupunahue by CORFO.[16][17] The plant was to gasify coal using German technology from World War II to then create in the long term a larger plant in Magallanes Region where coal deposits were larger.[18] The building of the gasification plant was halted during the government of Jorge Alessandri and its infrastructure and materials were subsequently either sold, abandoned or stolen.[18]
The commune was created in 1964 during the government of Jorge Alessandri.[19]
Demographics
[edit]According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Máfil spans an area of 582.7 km2 (225 sq mi) and has 7,213 inhabitants (3,773 men and 3,440 women). Of these, 3,796 (52.6%) lived in urban areas and 3,417 (47.4%) in rural areas. The population fell by 7% (547 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[2] The town of Máfil had 5,237 inhabitants according to the 2017 census.[20]
Administration
[edit]As a commune, Máfil is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. the alcalde is Claudio Sepúlveda Miranda r.[1]
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Máfil is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Marcos Ilabaca (PS), Gastón von Mühlenbrock (UDI), Bernardo Berger (ind-RN), Patricio Rosas (ind-CS) and Ana María Bravo (PS) as part of the 24th electoral district (Los Ríos Region). The commune is represented in the Senate during the 2022–2030 period by Alfonso de Urresti (PS), Iván Flores (PDC) and María José Gatica (RN) as part of the 12th senatorial constituency (Los Ríos Region).
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b "Municipality of Máfil" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 17 April 2003. Retrieved 13 December 2010.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 December 2010.
- ^ "Chile Time". WorldTimeZones.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2010. Retrieved 26 September 2010.
- ^ "Chile Summer Time". WorldTimeZones.org. Archived from the original on 11 September 2007. Retrieved 26 September 2010.
- ^ Fierro Ascencio 2009, p. 56.
- ^ Fierro Ascencio 2009, p. 62–63.
- ^ "Lugares Los Ríos" (in Spanish). Ministry of Health. Retrieved 2023-05-10.
- ^ Fierro Ascencio 2009, p. 28.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Fierro Ascencio 2009, p. 34.
- ^ "Mafil - La Unión". Observatorio Institucional (in Spanish). CIREN. Retrieved 2023-05-09.
- ^ Fierro Ascencio 2009, pp. 37–38.
- ^ Fierro Ascencio 2009, p. 41.
- ^ Fierro Ascencio 2009, p. 30.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Fierro Ascencio 2009, p. 19.
- ^ Fierro Ascencio 2009 , p. 54
- ^ Aliaga Armive & Sheep Márquez 2009 , стр. 17
- ^ Aliaga Armive & Sheep Márquez 2009 , стр. 25
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Aliaga Armijo & Belveda Marquez 2009 , стр. 27
- ^ Fierro Ascencio 2009 , стр. 20–21.
- ^ "Ciudades, pueblos, aldeas y caceríos 2019" Полем (in Spanish). National Statistics Institute. 2019 Национальная статистика. 2019 . 1 2020,
Книги
[ редактировать ]- Алиага Армихо, Паула; Sepúlveda Márquez, Cristian (2009). Воспоминания под землей: (re) Строительство коллективной памяти вокруг добычи углерода в коммуне Мафил (1935-2001) (на испанском).
- Fierro Ascencio, Marcia Evelyn (2009). Миафил в истории и памяти 1930-1964 (по-испански). ISBN 978-956-8803-00-1 .
Внешние ссылки
[ редактировать ]- (на испанском) муниципалитет Мафил