Squalius Keadicus
| Squalius Keadicus | |
|---|---|
| |
Научная классификация 
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| Домен: | Эукариота |
| Королевство: | Животное |
| Филум: | Chordata |
| Сорт: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Cyprinidae |
| Genus: | Squalius |
| Species: | S. keadicus
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| Binomial name | |
| Squalius keadicus (Stephanidis, 1971)
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| Synonyms | |
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Leuciscus (Telestes) souffia ssp. keadicus Stephanidis, 1971 | |
Squalius Keadicus -это вид свежей водных рыб в семействе Cyprinidae . Он найден только в Греции и известен как Менида на греческом .
Он эндемичен для дренажа Evrotas и потока Василопотамоса в южном пелопонне . [ 2 ]
Таксономия
[ редактировать ]Филогенетические исследования Leuciscinae [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Предоставьте доказательства уникальности S. keadicus как элемента древней Ихтиофауны и одного из самых наследственных Leuciscus s. л. [1] Таксоны Греции и, возможно, Европы.
Описание
[ редактировать ]Тело с боковым сжиманием с темно-коричневато-голубым окраской. D III/8, A III/8–9 (10), C 19, PI/13–15, V/II 7–9, LL. 44–51, L. Поперечный 9–10/3–4, жабры 7–9, позвонки 38–42, подмесинальный рот. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Максимальная длина тела: вид выращивает до 25 см (9,8 дюйма) TL, [ 7 ] Но совсем недавно самый длинный образец имел 15 см (5,9 дюйма) SL. [8] Sexual dimorphism: males are smaller in size and with rather bigger pectoral and pelvic fins than females.[9]
Habitat
[edit]According to Crivelli, S. keadicus prefers habitats with slow current.[10] Barbieri et al however reported the species as energetic and strongly rheophilic,[1] living in open sites of the river, on stony bottoms with a fast flow and relatively cool water. It feeds throughout the water column, principally on aquatic insects.[11] The strongly rheophilic behaviour confines the species to river sections of increased flow, an area which is estimated to be far less than 10 km2 (3.9 sq mi).
Reproduction
[edit]It matures in the second year of life (males possibly mature in the first). The breeding season is generally restricted in mid-spring. The species produces adhesive yellowish eggs, about 2 mm (3⁄32 in) in diameter from which unpigmented embryos, about 5.1 mm (3⁄16 in) TL, hatch out.[11]
Conservation
[edit]It is threatened by habitat loss. The major threat is summer drought and concomitant water over-abstraction that lead to habitat degradation and loss. In the last decade, all tributaries and a large portion of the river dry up completely during summer. In addition, pollution from the local agricultural industries degrades water quality, especially during dry periods, leading to sudden mass mortalities. One of the possible consequences of the population decline is the reduction of the species’ genetic diversity that imposes a serious threat per se, as it lowers its ability to cope with adverse environmental changes.[12] In the past, S. keadicus was abundant along its entire distribution area.[9] In recent years, the population size in Evrotas has dramatically reduced.[1] Moreover, the Vassilopotamos population is possibly extinct. It is protected by Presidential Decree No. 67/1981 of the Greek State.
Notes
[edit]^ Squalius was formerly a subgenus of Leuciscus
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c Crivelli, A.J. (2006). "Squalius keadicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2006: e.T60738A12402522. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T60738A12402522.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Economidis P.S. (1996). Société Française d'Ichtyologie (ed.). "Leuciscus keadicus (Cyprinidae), a valid species from River Evrotas (Greece)". Cybium. 20 (3): 303–309. doi:10.26028/cybium/1996-203-006.
- ^ Tsingenopoulos, C. & Karakousis, Y., 1996, Phylogenetic relationships of Leuciscus keadicus, an endemic cyprinid species from Greece, with other Greek species in the genus Leuciscus., Folia Zoologica, 45, p. 87-93
- ^ Ignacio Doadrio & José A. Carmona (1998) "Genetic divergence in Greek populations of the genus Leuciscus and its evolutionary and biogeographical implications" J. Fish Biol 53, p. 591–613
- ^ Stephanidis (1971) "Poissons d'eau douce du Péloponnèse" Biol. Gallo-Hel. 3(2) 163-172
- ^ Economidis, 1996
- ^ Ladiges & Vogt (1979) "Die Süsswasserfische Europas". Paul Parey (ed.), Hamburg. 299 pp
- ^ R. Barbieri; A.N. Economou; M.Th. Stoumboudi & P.S. Economidis (2002). M.J. Collares-Pereira; I.G. Cowx & M.M. Coelho (eds.). "Freshwater fishes of Peloponnese (Greece): distribution, ecology and threats". Conservation of Freshwater Fishes: Options for the Future Fishing News Books. Oxford: Blackwell Science: 55–64.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Stephanidis, 1971
- ^ A.J. Crivelli (1996) "The freshwater fish endemic to the Mediterranean region. An action plan for their conservation" Tour du Valat Publication Arles, France 171
- ^ Подпрыгнуть до: а беременный Barbieri et al. 2002
- ^ Tsingenopoulos & Karakousis, 1996
- Фроэз, Рейнер ; Поли, Даниэль (ред.). " Squalius Keadicus " . Рыбная база .
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