Shimizu no kanja yoshitaka
Shimizu no Канджа Йошитака была самурайским воином из позднего периода Японии. [ 1 ] Старший сын Йошинаки из Кисо, клан Минамото . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] На одиннадцатом году его отправили в Минамото норитомо в качестве заложника, чтобы избежать конфликта между отцом и Йоритомо. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Согласно традициям, Йошитака влюбился в Эхиме, старшую дочь Йоритомо. [ 4 ] Позже, в результате раздора между Йошинакой и Йоритомо, последний победил первого. [ 1 ] Три месяца спустя после убийства отца Йошитака бежал, но захватил и казнен на русле реки реки Ирума . [ 5 ] В последующие годы было сделано много работ с участием Йошитаки, в том числе рассказ о Кисо Йошитаке (или Shimizu no Kanja ) в Otogi-zōshi , Raigōjarikaisoden от Takizawa Bakin и некоторых песен Noh . [ 1 ] Говорят, что Йошитака была красивой. [ 6 ]
Первичный источник
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«Я слышал, что Канджа, сын Йошинаки, сбежал. Это не будет фактом». - Это единственный современный основной источник времени Йошитаки. [ 7 ] Эта короткая ссылка описана в статье зимнего дня 2 -го курса Juei [ А ] В Кикки , дирари благородного человека Фурудуда Цунехиса [ 7 ] Биографическая информация Йошитаки, написанная десятилетиями спустя, обнаружена в некоторых исторических рассказах и хлонологиях, включая Азума Кагами , рассказ о Хейке , Генпей Джусуики . [5]
His biographical facts are ambiguous due to lack of historical sources.[8][9][10] Even his name is ambiguous.[9][10] "Yoshitaka" is none less than the name which is called in Azuma kagami.[11][9] In some version of the Tale of the Heike he is called "Shimizu no kanja Yoshishige".[11][b] In a different version of the Tale of the Heike, he is called "Yoshimoto".[9] In also Sompi bunmyaku, he is called "Yoshimoto".[9] It is possible that fictitious stories are mingled with the historical sources.[10]
Life
[edit]
Yoshitaka was born in around 1173,[9] at Ōkura, Musashi.[12] In 1180, the leaders of Minamoto clan were called to aid against Heike clan in the name of Prince Mochihito.[5] While Yoritomo raised an army at Kamakura, Yoshitaka's father Yoshinaka also raised an army in Kiso Valley.[5] However, the rivelry between Yoritomo and Yoshinaka was heated up because their uncle[c] Yukiie fled into Yoshinaka from the conflict with Yoritomo.[5] Yoshinaka decided the reconciliation with Yoritomo, considering up-coming war against Heike.[5]
In accordance with Yoritomo's demand, Yoshinaka sent his son Yoshitaka to Kamakura as a hostage, a sign of good will, in the spring of 1183.[1][2][3] At that time, Yoshitaka was assumed to be eleven years old in the East Asian age reckoning.[1][3][9] He was accompanied by Umino Yukiuji, a soldier from Shinano.[5][9]
Yoshitaka stayed for a year in Yoritomo's family.[3][4][5] According to traditions, he fell in love with Ōhime, the eldest daughter of Yoritomo and Masako, and became her husband-to-be.[4][5][6] According to one account, Yoshitaka and Ōhime married.[1]
Next year, Yoritomo's army defeated Yoshinaka at the riverbed in Uji River (Battle of Uji (1184)) and later killed him (Battle of Awazu).[5][9] Three month later after his father's killing, Yoshitaka escaped from Kamakura.[5][9] According to traditions, Yoritomo ordered the assassination of Yoshitaka to his subordinate, however his order was leaked to Ōhime, and then she let Yoshitaka to be free from Kamakura.[5][6] It is said that Yoshitaka's attendant Yukiuji acted as a substitute with playing sugoroku with Ōhime in order to delay the time of the exposure of Yoshitaka's absence.[5][6]
Yoritomo ordered to trace of Yoshitaka.[4][5][12] One of his subordinate Tōnai Mitsuzumi found Yoshitaka and executed him.[4][5] The death place of Yoshitaka is not clearly known but it has been said to be, according to local traditions, the riverbed of Iruma River in Sayama.[4][5] Hearing the assassination, Ōhime and Masako accused Yoritomo.[4][5] Masako demanded Yoritomo to punish Tōnai, who was executed by Yoritomo's order.[5] After Yoshitaka's killing, in severe grief, Ōhime declined all the plans for a marriage which his father Yoritomo brought to her.[4] She died at her twentieth age with being unmarried.[4]
Works featuring Yoshitaka
[edit]
Inspired by the love romance between Yoshitaka and Ōhime, there are many works featuring Yoshitaka, including, for example, A Tale of Kiso Yoshitaka (or Shimizu no kanja) in Otogi-zōshi, Raigōajarikaisoden by Takizawa Bakin, and some Noh songs.[1][11] They are written based on historical sources like Azuma kagami.[11][9] One of the Noh songs Shimizu kaja was made during Muromachi era.[13] Yoshitaka has been interpreted to be handsome by posterity.[6]
Raigōajarikaisoden was published in 1808.[11] This was so popular that it was performed as kabuki at Osaka soon after the publishing.[11] In Raigōajarikaisoden, Yoshitaka as the protagonist tries to avenge his father on Yoritomo in order to fulfill his filial duty.[11] By the power of course, Yoshitaka is able to use magic words to employ rats to work.[11]. However, he finally fails.[11] It is said that the story of Raigōajarikaisoden comprises double confrontations between Yoritomo and Yoshitaka, and between cat and rat.[11]
Notes
[edit]- ^ The article was written in the fourth day of the eleventh month of the second year of Juei, that is December 19, 1183 in Julian calendar. It is in Kyoto where the writer Furuda wrote this article.
- ^ "Kanja" or "Kaja" means a young boy who experienced his coming-age-ceremony a while ago.[10]
- ^ Yoritomo and Yoshinaka were cousins.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Kotobank - Kiso Yoshitaka
- ^ Jump up to: a b c The Battles of Kiso Yoshinaka (folding screen painting), National Museum of Japanese History
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Harding, Christopher (2020). The Japanese: A History in Twenty Lives. Penguin UK. p. 80. ISBN 9780141992297.
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон глин час я Кайзо-дзи храм
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон глин час я Дж k л м не а п Q. ведущий Shimizu no kanja yoshitaka
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и "Минамо, но йошитака - мир Tōken " Получено 30 ноября ,
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Статья 4 ноября, Juei 2, в Кикки (статья «Кичики» 4 ноября 2018 г.)
- ^ Iwasaki akiyuki, «Кисо Йошинака, старший сын, Йошитака Йошитака, историческое документальное исследование», «Gunsho (переиздано)», № 18, с. 5-4, октябрь 1992 г., продолжение Общество завершения документов
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон глин час я Дж k л Ken, «Выбор страсти к Кисо Йошинака:« Рассылка заложников и заключительных лиц Shimizu »,« Японская литература », 55 (4), 1-23, 2004-03-10, Квансей Гакуин Takehisa : //hdl.handle
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый хотя он молод, но его жизнь рассеивается Минамото Йоритомо » . Изучение истории . , «Генерал (Кисо) Йошитака - жених Охмера - воспитывает чистую любовь
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон глин час я Дж Hong Sungjoon, 2014, структура «raigōajarikaisoden»: в отношении истории Карайто, http://doi.org/10.24619/00001898
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Симидзу Хачимангу
- ^ Sasaki 1912 ( ) . School Nobutsuna