Реминерализовать Землю
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| Формация | 1995 Нортгемптон, штат Массачусетс |
|---|---|
| Основатель | Джоанна зима |
| Тип | Некоммерческий |
| Цель | Экологическая экологическая деятельность |
| Штаб -квартира | Нортгемптон, штат Массачусетс |
Официальный язык | Английский |
| Веб -сайт | www.remineralize.org |
REMINERALIZE Земля (RTE)-это 501 (C) (3), некоммерческая организация базирующаяся в Нортгемптоне, штат Массачусетс , и основана в 1995 году Джоанной Кэмпе. [ 1 ] Миссия организации состоит в том, чтобы «содействовать использованию природных земель и морских минералов для восстановления почв и лесов, производства более питательной пищи и удаления избыточного CO 2 из атмосферы». [ 2 ] Видение RTE состоит в том, чтобы преодолеть опустыню , повысить продовольственную безопасность, увеличивая урожайность и питательные значения пищи, выращенных в здоровых почвах, и стабилизируют климат, внося в изменения почв и лесов по всему миру с легкодоступными и тонкими силикатными каменными пылью и морскими горностями.
Режиссер RTE Томас Дж. Горо и основатель RTE Джоанна Кэмпе вместе с Роналом В. Ларсоном опубликовали « Геотерапия книги : инновационные методы восстановления фертильности почвы, секвестрации углерода и обратного CO 2 увеличения в 2015 году», которое было описано как « authoritative guide to some of the most cutting edge methods for soil focused geotherapy ." [ 3 ] Авторы были похвалили за то, что он поместил термин геотерапию на карте в 2014 году с выпуском их книги ... » [ 4 ]
Education and public outreach about soil remineralization's potential benefits are some of RTE's primary efforts. В настоящее время организация работает над учебной программой для учащихся K-12, которая включает в себя несколько тем, связанных с реминерализацией почвы , такими как ботаника, устойчивое сельское хозяйство , питание и геология. [ 5 ] Учебная программа взята из информации, скомпилированной на веб -сайте организации, которая содержит единственную исследовательскую базу данных, посвященную реминерализации почвы и соответствующим проектам по всему миру. [ 6 ] Например, их веб -сайт «Исследования сообщений, которые показывают, что минералы в каменной пыли помогают восстановить почвы лучше, чем удобрения NPK (которые также легко выщелачиваются до подземных вод и связаны с стоком азота, что может привести к токсическому цвету водорослей)». [ 7 ] Проекты и исследовательские работы на веб -сайте RTE включают множество информации и тематических исследований по «обращению глобального опустынивания посредством агролесоводства и лесовосстановления , секвестрирования углерода и стабилизации климата». [ 6 ] RTE сотрудничает с Университетом Бразилии по проекту сельскохозяйственной реминерализации и Университетом Массачусетса Амхерста по исследованию комбинаций биочарной и каменной пыли для использования в сельском хозяйстве.
История
[ редактировать ]Происхождение
[ редактировать ]RTE был включен в 1995 году, чтобы «распространять идеи и информацию об реминерализации почв по всему миру». [ 8 ] Организация была основана на принципах растущего движения перемещения почвенной реминерализации, которая выступает за использование естественных минеральных источников в качестве удобрений. Использование пород и минералов для развития сельского хозяйства, известного как агрогеология , существует на протяжении веков, [ 9 ] Но исследование власти почвенной реминерализации с помощью естественных минеральных источников началось только в 19 веке. [ 1 ] Миссия RTE вытекает из работы отдельных лиц и групп, которые впервые работали в этой области. Они принадлежали к одной из трех различных групп/областей работы: европейские исследования, агрогеология и массовое движение почвенной реминерализации.
Почти за десять лет до концепции RTE, основатель Джоанна Кэмп была представлена в Irish Independent, когда выступала на образовательной конференции в будущем в наших руках (FIOH). Там она предложила переосмысление почвы как способ ускорить усилия по лесовосстановлению , которые могли бы помочь поглотить CO 2 перед лицом изменения климата. [ 10 ] Газета определила Campe как «основатель Terra, американской экологической организации». Терра, которая поддерживала Ассоциацию регенерации и рефлексирования Земли, была предшественником RTE. [ 11 ] В середине 1980-х годов Кэмп начала складываться в рок-порошки в свой сад после того, как натолкнулась на работу Джона Д. Хамакера , инженера, ставшего фермером и писателем, который утверждал, что каменная пыль может имитировать действие ледников, повышающих почву. [ 12 ] In 1986, Campe launched Soil Remineralization, A Network Newsletter in Northampton, Massachusetts with the goal of facilitating an international grassroots movement of soil remineralization.[1] In 1991 the newsletter became Remineralize the Earth Magazine,[13] with a circulation of 2500 people, before transitioning in 1995 into the 501(c)(3) non-profit organization it is today.
"The [remineralization] movement has its roots in agroecology, but can also be traced to the work of a German nutritional biochemist, Julius Hensel, who wrote Bread from Stones in the 1880s."[14]
Real Food Campaign
[edit]RTE's Real Food Campaign, which ran from 2008-2013, sought to bring soil remineralization into the general public consciousness by making information about remineralization and nutrient density available to consumers, farmers, and food retailers. Dan Kittredge, executive director of RTE from 2007-2008, was the director of the campaign. Kittredge went on to found the Bionutrient Food Association, an organization with the mission of “(increasing) the quality in the food supply” by training farmers in biological soil management.[1][15]
Their constituents are growers, consumers, and purveyors of food. They, aside from training farmers in biological soil management, organize a yearly Soil & Nutrition Conference.[16]
Renown & Awards
[edit]Local Media Attention
[edit]In partnership with Grow Food Northampton, Remineralize the Earth was featured in MassLive, a news and media website based in Northampton MA, for their work with rock dust in community gardens. As explained by Remineralize the Earth founder, Joanna Campe, the rock dust in the soil creates “growth in the microorganisms of the soil and...counters the effects of soil acidity, prevents erosion, [and] repels insects.” She continued, “Long term, the silicate strengthens plant tissues so they won’t attract fungus or insects.” “[Don] Weaver who is on the board of advisors to Remineralize the Earth said, 'Remineralize essentially means replenishing the full spectrum of the natural minerals to an organism or an ecosystem.’” “This means restoring the mineral base so that all organisms and ecosystems are fully nourished and can reach their biological and genetic potential.” The director of Grow Food Northampton, Lilly Lombard, commented that they "want to create the best and most fertile soil," and rock dust is a great help, because it “‘instantly washed into the soil,’” making for easy application.[17]
As featured in the Daily Hampshire Gazette, Remineralize the Earth “was incorporated in 1995 to disseminate ideas and information about remineralizing soils throughout the world.” Their focus on putting minerals back into soil seeks to reduce the damages of climate change since remineralization reduces carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Campe comments that remineralization “‘is a way of imitating the nature creative forces of the Earth by returning minerals to the soil and is something that can be done by anyone from backyard gardeners to the largest farms.” Their website features more information on remineralization and is “a clearing house for information, providing a wealth of knowledge and links.”[8]
National Award for Sustainability (1998)
[edit]In 1998 Remineralize the Earth was nominated for a Renew America Award by Bill Holmberg, who is a Remineralize the Earth board member and one of the founders of the American Council of Renewable Energy (ACORE). The National Awards Council presented Remineralize the Earth with a Certificate of Environmental Achievement recognizing the outstanding program in the Renew America 1998 Environmental Success Index.[18] According to the EPA, this award was given to “programs throughout the nation that demonstrate leadership and excellence in integrating environmental, economic and community sustainability.”[19]
Partners and Conferences
[edit]RTE has initiated numerous local and global projects. Local partners include the Paulo Freire Social Justice Charter School (PFSJS),[20][21][22] Brook’s Bend Farm,[16][23] Grow Food Northampton,[17] and New Harmony Farm CSA,[24] where the organization used rock dust combined with biochar.[25] International projects include initiatives in Costa Rica, Panama, Barbuda, Cameroon, Senegal and Brazil.[26]
US-Based Projects
[edit]
In 1993, the National Task Force on Remineralization of the National Aggregate Association (NAA) met at their headquarters in Silver Spring, MD. The conference was attended by Robert J. Able, Task Group Chairman, Richard C. Meininger and David W. Jahn of the American Aggregates Corp, Sandy Wood of Vulcan Minerals, and other NAA Staff. Attending from the USDA was W.D. Doral Kemper, head of National Programs on Soils, and Ron Korcak, Fruit Lab and the Program on Use of Industrial Byproducts in Agriculture. Also attending was Andrew Euston of HUD, Greg Watson,[27] Commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Food and Agriculture, and Joanna Campe of Remineralize the Earth.[28]
In 1994, the USDA, the United States Bureau of Mines, the National Stone and Aggregate Associations, and RTE co-sponsored A Forum On Soil Remineralization and Sustainable Agriculture at the USDA headquarters in Beltsville, MD.[29][30] The USDA conducted a series of demonstration trials with rock mineral fines.[31]
In 1996, RTE received multiple grants to do a two-year research project in the Pioneer Valley at the University of Massachusetts, Hampshire College, Smith Vocational High School, along with organic and conventional farmers. Donors included the Massachusetts Society for Promoting Agriculture, and the International Center for Aggregate Research (ICAR) US.[32]
In 2008, RTE sponsored an official side event at the Washington International Renewable Energy Conference (WIREC2008), invited by the State Department and ACORE.[33]
International Projects
[edit]
In 2007, Remineralize the Earth initiated its first international project in conjunction with John Todd, an internationally-recognized biologist and a visionary leader in the field of ecological design, and Ocean Arks International. Costa Rica: Food, Fuel, and Income to Sustain Local Communities was an agroforestry project designed by Todd intercropped with native commercial hardwood trees, fruit trees, and Jatropha curcas (a biofuel-producing oil plant) in a local quarry. Over a thousand trees of more than 20 species were planted in abandoned cattle pastures in the Guanacaste region using basalt rock dust from a local quarry, demonstrating greatly increased growth with the rock dust.[34][35][36]
John Todd also cited Remineralize the Earth's information on remineralization studies for forests: "In forests, studies have shown growth of four times the timber volume over twenty-four years, using remineralization. One application lasts for sixty years. This is very promising in terms of carbon sequestration in climate stabilization. In western Australia, Men of the Trees, an organization that plants millions of trees in arid landscapes, has achieved up to five times higher growth in seedlings and shortened the potting time from five months to six weeks with soil remineralization and a microbial innoculant."[37][38]
In 2013, Joanna Campe was a keynote speaker at the II Congresso Brasileiro de Rochagem, and presented The Potential of Remineralization as a Global Movement.[26]
In 2014, RTE presented the only half-day workshop at the Renewable Energy Latin America & Caribbean Conference (RELACCx 2014) in Puerto Rico.[39]
In 2015, the Cuba-U.S. Agroecology Network (CUSAN) invited RTE to be part of an official delegation to visit farms and give presentations on agroecology with rock dust, as practiced in Brazil. Joanna Campe and Dr. Tom J. Goreau gave presentations.[40][41]
From 2016-2018, RTE partnered on a two-year research project in Bahia, Brazil, with the University of Brasília, increasing the productivity for cactus for fodder 3.88 times versus the control.[42]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Goreau, Thomas J.; Larson, Ronal W.; Campe, Joanna, eds. (2014-12-19). Geotherapy. p. 98. doi:10.1201/b13788. ISBN 9780429168901.
- ^ "Remineralize the Earth". Remineralize the Earth. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
- ^ Wahl, Daniel Christian (2020-05-03). "Geotherapy not Geoengineering!". Medium. Retrieved 2021-03-19.
- ^ "FAQ - What is Geotherapy & its role in climate change mitigation?". Climate Emergency Coalition. Retrieved 2021-03-19.
- ^ "Remineralize the Earth". www.guidestar.org. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Remineralize the Earth". Cuba-U.S. Agroecology Network. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
- ^ Taylor David A (2002-02-01). "Dust in the wind". Environmental Health Perspectives. 110 (2): A80–A87. doi:10.1289/ehp.110-a80. PMC 1240740. PMID 11836156.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Merzbach, Scott (May 17, 2006). "Rock Your World Movement Grows to Replace Lost Minerals in Soils". Daily Hampshire Gazette. Vol. 220, no. 218. pp. A1, B6.
- ^ Straaten, P. van (2002). Rocks for Crops : Agrominerals of Sub-Saharan Africa. OCLC 1156492507.
- ^ "Voices in the wilderness predicting doom". The Irish Times. September 22, 1986.
- ^ "Soggy summers, withering winters blamed on pollution". Irish Independent. August 13, 1986.
- ^ Homeyer, Henry (2004-06-24). "On a Fad Diet of Rock Dust, How the Garden Does Grow (Published 2004)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-12.
- ^ "Remineralize the Earth". Ibiblio; The Public's Library and Digital Archive.
- ^ Buck, Holly Jean (2019). After geoengineering : climate tragedy, repair, and restoration ([International version] ed.). London. p. 150. ISBN 978-1-78663-799-4. OCLC 1124753502.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Home | Bionutrient Food Association". bionutrient.org. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Soil & Nutrition Conference Archive | Bionutrient Food Association". www.bionutrient.org. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Florence community garden in Northampton readied for spring groundbreaking". masslive. 2011-11-26. Retrieved 2020-11-13.
- ^ "Renew America Award for Remineralize the Earth from 1998". Remineralize the Earth. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ^ "04/29/99: THE BROWNFIELDS PROGRAM RECOGNIZED BY RENEW AMERICA". archive.epa.gov. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ^ "Home | Bionutrient Food Association". bionutrient.org. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ^ "Students Gain Hands-On Experience with Remineralization at Paulo Freire Social Justice Charter School". Remineralize the Earth. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ^ "High School Project with Aji Peppers Show Increased Growth with Rock Dust and Compost". Remineralize the Earth. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ^ "Brook's Bend Farm". Remineralize the Earth. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ^ "New Harmony Farm in Newbury - Local Food Guide - Northeast MA". guide.farmfreshri.org. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
- ^ "Remineralization: Brazil Enacts Groundbreaking Legislation for Sustainable Agriculture". New Hope Network. 2014-02-06. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Bamberg, Adilson Luis; Posser Silveira, Carlos Augusto; de Souza Martins, Éder; Bergmann, Magda; Martinazzo, Rosane; Huff Theodoro, Suzi, eds. (2013). Conference: II Congresso Brasileiro de Rochagem. Pocos de Caldas: ANAIS. pp. 91–100. ISBN 978-85-61175-68-9.
- ^ Edelman, Emily (2020-10-20). "Bits & Bytes: Schumacher lecture; Halloween StoryWalk; 'Local Characters: Back to School'; West African drumming class". The Berkshire Edge. Retrieved 2020-12-15.
- ^ Campe, Joanna (1998). "NAA Task Force on Remineralization". Remineralize the Earth Magazine. Double Issue 4-5: 32–33.
- ^ Scott Jr., Frederick I. (Summer 1995). ""Soil Remineralization: An Essential Environmental Action" (reprint from American Environmental and Laboratory Journal)". Remineralize the Earth Magazine. Double Issue 7-8: 18–22.
- ^ Euston, AIA, HUD, Andrew (Summer 1995). "USDA Forum and Beyond – Where Do We Go From Here?". Remineralize the Earth Magazine. Double Issue 7-8: 24–27.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Barsotti, Aldo (Summer 1995). "USDA Begins Field Demonstration for SR: An Overview of the Regional Nature of Mineral Fines". Remineralize the Earth Magazine. Double Issue 7-8: 16–17.
- ^ Campe, Joanna (Spring 1997). "Soil Remineralization for an Economically and Ecologically Sustainable Agriculture in the Pioneer Valley". Remineralize the Earth Magazine. double issue 10-11: 49–53.
- ^ "WIREC 2008". REN21. 2019-06-02. Retrieved 2020-12-15.
- ^ Christine, Song. "Agroforestry Project in Costa Rica: Food, Fuels & Income to Sustain Local Communities". Remineralize the Earth.
- ^ Todd, John (2008), Annals of Earth, XXVI, vol. 1, pp. 12–14
- ^ Todd, John (2008), Annals of Earth, XXVI, vol. 3, p. 15
- ^ Todd, John (2007), Annals of Earth, XXV, vol. 1, p. 22
- ^ "Men of the Trees in Western Australia". Remineralize the Earth. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
- ^ Campe, Joanna. "Highlights from RELACCx in Puerto Rico". Remineralize the Earth.
- ^ "Who we are". Cuba-U.S. Agroecology Network. Retrieved 2021-03-15.
- ^ "RTE Makes Advances at Cuba Agroecology Conference". Remineralize the Earth. Retrieved 2021-03-15.
- ^ Medeiros, F. P; Theodoro, S. H - Remineralização dos solos para ampliar a produção da palma forrageira na região semiárida. In: Reflexões sobre Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Rural, Sauer, S.; Duarte, L. G.; Silva, A. L da (eds). Editora da UnB (in press). 2020