Криптотеция
| Криптотеция | |
|---|---|
| |
| Cryptothecia sp. Растет на дереве в провинции Чако, Северная Аргентина | |
Научная классификация 
| |
| Домен: | Эукариота |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Arthoniomycetes |
| Order: | Arthoniales |
| Family: | Arthoniaceae |
| Genus: | Cryptothecia Stirt. (1876) |
| Type species | |
| Cryptothecia subnidulans Stirt. (1876)
| |
| Species | |
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See text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Cryptothecia - это род белых до зеленоватых лишайников , которые растут на коре, древесине или листьях, в тропических или субтропических районах по всему миру. [ 2 ] Он имеет заметный Prothallus , который развивается вокруг его периферии, которая может быть ярко -красной у некоторых видов, отсюда и общее название лишайника венка . [ 3 ] В основном вегетативном организме ( Thallus ) отсутствует кора ( Ecorticate и часто погружается в субстрат или Byssoid (Whispy, как дразнящая шерсть). [ 2 ] Целое мозг белый, четко определен и часто усыпляется кристаллами оксалата кальция . [ 2 ] Аскоматы не четко определены, а подушки мягкого белого мицелия погружаются в медуллярную ткань, отсюда и название от греческого krypto = "для скрытия" и Theke = "контейнер или оболочка". [ 2 ] Он содержит Trentepohlia , зеленую водоросли , как его партнер Photobiont .
Два вида были описаны в Северной Америке . [ 3 ] По крайней мере, один вид, Cryptothecia Rubrocincta , использовался в Бразилии в качестве источника красителя. [ 4 ]
Таксономия
[ редактировать ]Род был ограничен Джеймсом Ститертоном в 1877 году, с криптотекийскими субнидуланами, назначенными в качестве типового вида . [ 5 ]
Description
[edit]Species in the genus Cryptothecia have a crustose thallus, which can be either immersed in the substrate or its surface. The colour of the thallus ranges from white to greenish, often with a byssoid (cottony) texture. Some species have spherical isidia-like granules, although soredia are absent. The prothallus typically consists of interwoven or radiating hyphae, and the photobiont layer may be either distinct or indistinct. The medulla is usually well-defined, white, and frequently amyloid, often containing numerous colourless calcium oxalate crystals.[2]
Cryptothecia does not have well-defined ascomata (fruiting bodies). Its ascigerous areas, which can be common or rare, are restricted to cushions of soft white mycelium within the loose medullary tissue. These areas tend to spread over the whole thallus, forming small clusters near the surface or cushion-like structures. Asci are spherical to ovoid, bitunicate, and thick-walled, typically measuring 60–160 by 30–130 μm. They are enclosed in a cocoon-like layer and contain 1–8 spores. The ascospores are muriform, ellipsoidal, and often somewhat curved, ranging from 40–110 by 15–65 μm in size.[2]
Conidiomata in Cryptothecia are pycnidial and range from immersed in the substrate to emergent, with a dark brown wall. Conidiogenous cells are simple, and bacilliform (rod-shaped) to narrowly clavate (club-shaped_. The conidia are colourless, simple, bacilliform, and range from 3–8 by about 1 μm, or they can be thread-like, filiform (threadlike), and multiseptate, measuring 110–140 by about 1.5 μm.[2]
Species
[edit]As of December 2023[update], Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 41 species of Cryptothecia.[6]
- Cryptothecia alboglauca Jagad. Ram, G.P.Sinha & Kr.P.Singh (2009)[7] – India
- Cryptothecia albomaculans Jagadeesh & G.P.Sinha (2016)[8]
- Cryptothecia albomaculatella Aptroot & Wolseley (2009)[9] – Thailand
- Cryptothecia aleurinoides Aptroot & Wolseley (2009)[9] – Thailand
- Cryptothecia atropunctata G.Thor (1997)[10]
- Cryptothecia austrocoreana J.J.Woo, Lőkös, Farkas & Hur (2017)[11]
- Cryptothecia bengalensis Jagad.Ram, G.P.Sinha & Kr.P.Singh (2009)[7] – India
- Cryptothecia calusarum Seavey & J.Seavey (2017)[12] – USA
- Cryptothecia chamelensis Herrera-Camp., Bautista & Lücking (2019)[13] – Mexico
- Cryptothecia darwiniana Bungartz & Elix (2013)[14] – Galápagos Islands
- Cryptothecia demethylconfluentica Aptroot (2022)[15] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia duplofluorescens Aptroot & M.F.Souza (2021)[16] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia elata Jagadeesh & G.P.Sinha (2016)[8]
- Cryptothecia elongata Jagadeesh & G.P.Sinha (2016)[8]
- Cryptothecia eungellae G.Thor (1997)[10]
- Cryptothecia evergladensis Seavey (2009)[17]
- Cryptothecia exilis G.Thor (1997)[10]
- Cryptothecia fabispora M.Cáceres, E.L.Lima & Aptroot (2013)[18] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia farinosa Jagad.Ram, G.P.Sinha & Kr.P.Singh (2009)[7] – India
- Cryptothecia fuscopunctata Seavey & J.Seavey (2014)[19]
- Cryptothecia galapagoana Bungartz & Elix (2013)[14] – Galápagos Islands
- Cryptothecia inexspectata G.Thor (1997)[10]
- Cryptothecia isidioxantha Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2017)[20]
- Cryptothecia lecanorosorediata Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2024)[21] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia lichexanthonica E.L.Lima, Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2013)[18] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia macrocephala M.Cáceres & Aptroot (2013)[22] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia methylmicrophyllinica Aptroot & Spier (2010)[23]
- Cryptothecia methylperlatolica Aptroot (2022)[15] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia multipunctata Jagad.Ram, G.P.Sinha & Kr.P.Singh (2009)[7] – India
- Cryptothecia odishensis R.Bajpai, S.Joseph & Upreti (2018)[24] – India
- Cryptothecia parvopsoromica Aptroot (2022)[15] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia punctosorediata Sparrius (2005)[25]
- Cryptothecia randallii Seavey & J.Seavey (2017)[12] – USA
- Cryptothecia rhizophora Aptroot & M.Cáceres (2016)[26] – Brazil
- Cryptothecia rosae-iselae Flakus & Kukwa (2015)[27] – Bolivia
- Cryptothecia scripta G.Thor (1997)[10]
- Cryptothecia stockerae G.Neuwirth & Aptroot (2016)[28] – Seychelles
- Cryptothecia submacrocephala Seavey & J.Seavey (2017)[12] – USA
- Cryptothecia submyriadella van den Boom (2018)
- Cryptothecia subnidulans Stirt. (1876)[5]
- Cryptothecia superphyllinica Jagadeesh & G.P.Sinha (2016)[8]
- Cryptothecia verruculifera Jagad.Ram, G.P.Sinha & Kr.P.Singh (2009)[7] – India
References
[edit]- ^ "Synonymy: Cryptothecia Stirt., Proc. Roy. phil. Soc. Glasgow 10: 164 (1876) [1877]". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Elix, John A. (2009). McCarthy, P.M.; Kuchlmayr, Brigitte (eds.). Cryptothecia (PDF). Flora of Australia. Vol. 57. Australian Biological Resources Study/CSIRO Publishing. ISBN 978-0-643-09664-6.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Brodo, I. M., S. D. Sharnoff, and S. Sharnoff. 2001. Lichens of North America. Yale University Press: New Haven.
- ^ Mors, WB. 1966. Useful Plants of Brazil. Holden-Day, Inc., San Francisco. Page 57.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Stirton, J. (1877). "Descriptions of recently discovered lichens". Proceedings of the Philosophical Society of Glasgow. 10: 156–164.
- ^ "Cryptothecia". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Ram, T.A.M. Jagadeesh; Sinha, G.P.; Singh, K.P. (2009). "New species and new records of Cryptothecia and Herpothallon (Arthoniales) from India". The Lichenologist. 41 (6): 605–613. doi:10.1017/s0024282909008123.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Ram, T.A.M. Jagadeesh; Sinha, G.P. (2016). "A world key to Cryptothecia and Myriostigma (Arthoniaceae), with new species and new records from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India". Phytotaxa. 266 (2): 103–114. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.266.2.4.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Wolseley, P.A.; Aptroot, A. (2009). "The lichen genera Cryptothecia and Stirtonia in northern Thailand". Bibliotheca Lichenologica. 99: 411–422.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Thor, G. (1997). "The genus Cryptothecia in Australia and New Zealand and the circumscription of the genus". Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses. 32 (1): 267–289.
- ^ Woo, Jung-Jae; Lőkös, László; Farkas, Edit; Park, Chan-Ho; Hur, Jae-Seoun (2017). "Cryptothecia austrocoreana (Arthoniales, Arthoniaceae), a new species from South Korea". Mycobiology. 45 (4): 338–343. doi:10.5941/myco.2017.45.4.338. PMC 5780365. PMID 29371801.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Seavey, F.; Seavey, J.; Gagnon, J.; Guccion, J.; Kaminsky, B.; Pearson, J.; Podaril, A.; Randall, B. (2017). "The lichens of Dagny Johnson Key Largo Hammock Botanical State Park, Key Largo, Florida, USA". Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History. 53 (5): 201–268.
- ^ Herrera-Campos, María de los Ángeles; Barcenas-Peña, Alejandrina; Miranda-González, Ricardo; Mejía, Maricarmen Altamirano; González, Joshua A. Bautista; Colín, Paola Martínez; Téllez, Norberto Sánchez; Lücking, Robert (2019). "New lichenized Arthoniales and Ostropales from Mexican seasonally dry tropical forest". The Bryologist. 122 (1): 62–83. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-122.1.062.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Bungartz, Frank; Dután-Patiño, Valeria Leonor; Elix, John A. (2013). "The lichen genera Cryptothecia, Herpothallon and Helminthocarpon (Arthoniales) in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador". The Lichenologist. 45 (6): 739–762. doi:10.1017/s0024282913000522.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Aptroot, André; de Souza, Maria Fernanda; dos Santos, Lidiane Alves; Junior, Isaias Oliveira; Barbosa, Bruno Micael Cardoso; da Silva, Marcela Eugenia Cáceres (2022). "New species of lichenized fungi from Brazil, with a record report of 492 species in a small area of the Amazon Forest". The Bryologist. 125 (3): 435–467. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-125.3.433.
- ^ Aptroot, André; Souza, Maria Fernanda (2021). "New crustose lichens from a tropical coastal area in Paraná (Brazil)". Cryptogamie, Mycologie. 42 (12): 191–197. doi:10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2021v42a12.
- ^ Seavey, F. (2009). "Cryptothecia evergladensis sp. nov. (Arthoniaceae), a new lichen species from Everglades National Park, Florida". Opuscula Philolichenum. 7: 49–54.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Lima, Edvaneide Leandro de; Mendonça, Cléverton de Oliveira; Aptroot, André; Cáceres, Marcela Eugenia da Silva (2013). "Two new species of Cryptothecia from NE Brazil". The Lichenologist. 45 (3): 361–365. doi:10.1017/s0024282912000862.
- ^ Seavey, Frederick; Seavey, Jean (2014). "Four new species and sixteen new lichen records for North America from Everglades National Park". The Bryologist. 117 (4): 395–404. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-117.4.395.
- ^ Aptroot, André; Feuerstein, Shirley Cunha; Cunha-Dias, Iane Paula Rego; de Lucena Nunes, Álvaro Rogerio; Honorato, Maykon Evangelista; da Silva Cáceres, Marcela Eugenia (2017). "New lichen species and lichen reports from Amazon forest remnants and Cerrado vegetation in the Tocantina Region, northern Brazil". The Bryologist. 120 (3): 320–328. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-120.3.320.
- ^ Aptroot, André; Cáceres, Marcela Eugenia da Silva; Santos, Lidiane Alves dos (2024). "The taxonomy of sterile Arthoniaceae from Brazil: white crusts on overhanging tropical trees can be named". The Lichenologist. 56 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1017/S0024282924000021.
- ^ Menezes, Aline Anjos; de Lima, Edvaneide Leandro; Xavier-Leite, Amanda Barreto; Maia, Leonor Costa; Aptroot, André; Cáceres, Marcela Eugenia da Silva (2013). "New species of Arthoniales from NE Brazil". The Lichenologist. 45 (5): 611–617. doi:10.1017/s0024282913000236.
- ^ Aptroot, A.; Spier, J.L. (2010). "The lichen genus Cryptothecia (Arthoniaceae) in Java" (PDF). Australasian Lichenology. 66: 50–57.
- ^ Das, Kanad; Rossi, Walter; Leonardi, Marco; Ghosh, Aniket; Bera, Ishika; Hembrom, Manoj E.; Bajpai, Rajesh; Joseph, Siljo; Nayaka, Sanjeeva; Upreti, Dalip Kumar; Wang, Xiang-hua; Hofstetter, Valérie; Buyck, Bart (2018). "Fungal Biodiversity Profiles 61 – 70". Cryptogamie, Mycologie. 39 (4): 381–418. doi:10.7872/crym/v39.iss4.2018.381.
- ^ Sparrius, Laurens B.; Saipunkaew, Wanaruk (2005). "Cryptothecia punctosorediata, a new species from Northern Thailand". The Lichenologist. 37 (6): 507–509. doi:10.1017/s0024282905015495.
- ^ da Silva Cáceres, Marcela Eugenia; Aptroot, André (2016). "First inventory of lichens from the Brazilian Amazon in Amapá State". The Bryologist. 119 (3): 250–265. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-119.3.250.
- ^ Ertz, Damien; Flakus, Adam; Oset, Magdalena; Sipman, Harrie J.M.; Kukwa, Martin (2015). "A first assessment of lichenized Arthoniales in Bolivia with descriptions of two new species". Phytotaxa. 217 (1): 1–25. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.217.1.1.
- ^ Neuwirth, G.; Aptroot, A. (2016). « CryptoThecia Stockeri (Arthoniales, Arthoniaceae), новый кортикологический вид лишайников из Сейшельских островов». Герзогия . 29 (1): 97–102. doi : 10.13158/heia.29.1.2016.97 .
Дальнейшее чтение
[ редактировать ]- U.Makhija & Pgpatwardhan, вклад в монографию рода лишайника Cryptothecia (Family Arthoniaceae), Current Res. Пл. Наука 1994: 57–72 (1994)
- R.Lücking, G.Thor, A.Aptroot, K.Kalb & Jaelix, Cryptothecia Candida Complex Revisited, Лихенолог 38: 235–240 (2006).