Mosina
Mosina | |
|---|---|
 Town hall | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Mosina | |
| Coordinates: 52°14′48″N 16°50′42″E / 52.24667°N 16.84500°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Poznań |
| Gmina | Mosina |
| First mentioned | 1247 |
| Town rights | before 1302 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 13.58 km2 (5.24 sq mi) |
| Population (2023) | |
| • Total | 12,150 |
| • Density | 890/km2 (2,300/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 62-050 |
| Vehicle registration | PZ, PO |
| Climate | Cfb |
| Primary airport | Poznań–Ławica Airport |
| Website | http://www.mosina.pl |
Mosina [mɔˈɕina] is a town in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland, 21 km south of Poznań, with 12,107 inhabitants (2004). The Mosiński Canal runs east and west through the town, and joins the Warta River just to the east.
History
[edit]
The oldest known mention of Mosina comes from 1247, while in 1302 it was mentioned as a town. Its name is of Polish origin and comes from the Old Polish word moszyna. For centuries, Mosina was a royal town of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the Poznań County in the Poznań Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province.[1] It was annexed by Prussia in the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. After the successful Greater Poland uprising of 1806, it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw, and after the duchy's dissolution the town was re-annexed by Prussia in 1815.
During the Polish Greater Poland uprising and the European Spring of Nations, on May 3, 1848, Polish lawyer Jakub Krotowski-Krauthofer declared Polish independence in Mosina.[2] The small Polish republic centered in Mosina was eventually crushed by the Prussians after their victory over the Polish insurgents at the Battle of Rogalin several days later.[2] Jakub Krotowski-Krauthofer was captured in Konarzewo and then brutally treated, before being released in 1849 by amnesty.[2] Poland eventually regained independence after World War II in 1918, and Mosina was then reintegrated with Poland. In the interbellum it administratively belonged to the Poznań Voivodeship.
Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the town was occupied by Germany until 1945 and local Poles were subjected to extensive genocidal policies. On October 20, 1939, the German Einsatzgruppe VI carried out a public execution of 15 Poles in the town as part of the Intelligenzaktion.[3] Among the victims were teachers, doctors, merchants and craftsmen from Mosina and nearby villages.[4] It was one of many massacres of Poles committed that day by Germany across the region in attempt to pacify and terrorize the Polish population.[5] Poles from Mosina were also murdered by the German police and Selbstschutz in the nearby town of Murowana Goślina in September and November 1939.[4] In 1939–1941, the occupiers carried out expulsions of Poles, whose houses, shops and workshops were then handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy.[6] In 1943, many Polish children were kidnapped and imprisoned by the Germans in a camp for Polish children in Łódź, which was nicknamed "little Auschwitz" due to its conditions.[7] Many children died in the camp.[8]
Sports
[edit]The local football club is KS 1920 Mosina.[9] It competes in the lower leagues.
Notable residents
[edit]- Friedrich Bauer, (1812-1874), German missionary
- Lazarus Immanuel Fuchs (1833–1902), German mathematician
- Herbert Baum (1912–1942), German resistance fighter
- Monika Jagaciak (1994-), Polish model
References
[edit]- ^ Atlas historyczny Polski. Wielkopolska w drugiej połowie XVI wieku. Część I. Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2017. p. 1a.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Marcin Tomczak. "Rzeczpospolita Mosińska – państwo, które przetrwało 5 dni". Histmag.org (in Polish). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
- ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 193.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Wardzyńska (2009), p. 194
- ^ Grochowina, Sylwia (2017). Cultural policy of the Nazi occupying forces in the Reich district Gdańsk–West Prussia, the Reich district Wartheland, and the Reich district of Katowice in the years 1939–1945. Toruń. p. 87. ISBN 978-83-88693-73-1.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. pp. 151, 192, 286. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.
- ^ Ledniowski, Krzysztof; Gola, Beata (2020). "Niemiecki obóz dla małoletnich Polaków w Łodzi przy ul. Przemysłowej". In Kostkiewicz, Janina (ed.). Zbrodnia bez kary... Eksterminacja i cierpienie polskich dzieci pod okupacją niemiecką (1939–1945) (in Polish). Kraków: Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Biblioteka Jagiellońska. pp. 147, 158.
- ^ Ledniowski, Gola, p. 159
- ^ "Klub Sportowy 1920 Mosina - strona klubu" (in Polish). Retrieved 13 March 2021.
External links
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