Mahmud al-Alusi
Abū al-Thanā’ Shihāb ad-Dīn Maḥmūd al-Ḥusaynī al-Ālūsī أبو الثناء شهاب الدين محمودالحسيني الآلوسي | |
|---|---|
| Title | al-Ālūsī Al-Kabīr (The Grand Ālūsī) |
| Personal | |
| Born | 10 December 1802 CE / 1217 AH |
| Died | 29 July 1854 CE / 1270 AH |
| Resting place | Sheikh Marouf cemetery in Baghdad |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni Islam |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi[1]/ (Shafi'i influenced)[1] |
| Creed | Athari[2] |
| Notable work(s) | Ruh al-Ma`ani |
| Tariqa | Naqshbandi |
| Occupation | Islamic scholar, Mufti, religious teacher |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Influenced | |
Abū al-Thanā’ Shihāb ad-Dīn Sayyid Maḥmūd ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Ḥusaynī al-Ālūsī al-Baghdādī (Arabic: أبو الثناء شهاب الدين سيد محمود بن عبد الله بن محمود الحسيني الآلوسي البغدادي; 10 December 1802 – 29 July 1854 CE) was an Iraqi Islamic scholar best known for writing Ruh al-Ma`ani, an exegesis (tafsir) of the Qur'an.[5]
Biography
[edit]He was born in Baghdad on the day of Jumu`ah, 14 Sha`ban 1217 AH (Friday, 10 December 1802).[6][7]
He was a prominent Baghdad scholar in the Ottoman Empire. Because some of his teachings resembled that of the Ahl al-Hadith[8] and Salafis such ibn Taymiyyah and Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab, he was accused of supporting Wahhabism.[9] This led to his dismissal in 1847. He sent his tafsir to the authorities in Istanbul as proof for his loyalty to established Islamic tradition and the Ottoman Empire.[10] ʿĀrif Hikmet Bey was impressed by al-Alusis' deep knowledge advised him to consult Reşid Mehmed Pasha for his concern. Reşid Mehmed Pasha eventually assigned him as a member of the madrasa of the Murjan Mosque and the position of a mufti.
He died on 5 Dhul-Q'dah, 1270 AH (29 July 1854)[6]
Works
[edit]An exhaustive list of all his works far to long and thus difficult to compile. Indexes in the British Library and the below are a few examples:
- Rūḥ al-ma‘ānī fī tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-‘aẓīm wa-al-sab‘ al-mathānī (روح المعاني في تفسير القرآن العظيم والسبع المثاني)
- Nashwat al-shamūl fī al-safar ilā Islāmbūl (نشوة الشمول في السفر إلى إسلامبول)
- Nashwat al-mudām fī al-‘awd ilá Madīnat al-Salām (نشوة المدام في العود إلي مدينة السلام)
- al-Ajwibah al-‘Irāqīyah ‘alá al-as’ilah al-Lāhūrīyah (الأجوبة العراقية على الأسئلة اللاهورية)
- al-Ajwibah al-‘Irāqīyah ‘an al-as’ilah al-Īrānīyah (الأجوبة العراقية عن الأسئلة الإيرانية)
- Ghra'b al-'Ightirab (غرائب الإغتراب)
- Daqaiq al-Tafsir (دقائق التفسير)
- Sharh Sullam al-Mantiq (شرح سلم المنطق)
- al-Tiraz al-Mudh-hab Fi Sharh Qasydat al-Baz al-Ash-hab (الطراز المذهب في شرح قصيدة الباز الأشهب)
- al-Maqamat al-Alousiya (المقامات الآلوسية)
Legacy
[edit]Mahmud al-Alusi had five sons who were also scholars: Sayyid Abdullah Bahauddin al-Alusi, Sayyid Sa'ad Abdulbaqi al-Alusi, Nu'man al-Alusi, Sayyid Mohammad Hamid al-Afandi and Sayyid Ahmed Shakir al-Afandi.[11] His tafsir was published for the first time in 1883.[12] Through his son Sayyid Abdullah Bahauddin al-Alusi, Mahmud had a grandson, Mahmud Shukri al-Alusi, who was a leading scholar of Baghdad and a religious reformist.[13]
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Al-Alousi, Mahmoud Shukri (2016). "Allama Alusi" [Allama Alusi] (in Arabic). Baghdad. Archived from the original on 2018-01-20. Retrieved 2018-01-20.
- ^ "الإمام الآلوسي وكتابه \ روح المعاني في تفسير القرآن العظيم والسبع المثاني\". 2019-05-21. Archived from the original on 2019-05-21. Retrieved 2023-12-30.
- ^ "'Wahhabi' Influences, Salafi Responses: Shaikh Mahmud Shukri and The Iraqi Salafi Movement, 1745–1930". academic.oup.com. Retrieved 2024-03-21.
- ^ "سلسلة رموز الإصلاح 16– علامة العراق أبو المعالي محمود شكري الألوسي (1273/ 1342هـ - 1856/ 1924م)". www.alrased.net. Retrieved 2024-03-21.
- ^ "الإمام الآلوسي وكتابه \ روح المعاني في تفسير القرآن العظيم والسبع المثاني\". 2019-05-21. Archived from the original on 2019-05-21. Retrieved 2023-12-30.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Al-Alousi, Mahmoud Shukri (1930). Al-Jubouri, Abdullah (ed.). المسك الأذفر [Almisk Aldhfar] (in Arabic). Baghdad: Arab Encyclopaedia House. pp. 171–200.
- ^ al-Musawi, Muhsin J.; Khaldi, Boutheina (2010). الوافي في تراث العرب الثقافي : الأندلس والمشرق العربي منذ سقوط الخلافة العباسية / al-Wāfī fī turāth al-ʻArab al-thaqāfī : al-Andalus wa-al-mashriq al-ʻArabī mundhu suqūṭ al-khilāfah al-ʻAbbāsīyah [The Exhaustive in the Cultural Heritage of the Arabs : Andalusia and the Arab East since the fall of the Abbasid caliphate] (in Arabic) (1st ed.). Beirut: al-Markaz al-Thaqāfī al-ʻArabī.
- ^ "الإمام الآلوسي وكتابه \ روح المعاني في تفسير القرآن العظيم والسبع المثاني\". 2019-05-21. Archived from the original on 2019-05-21. Retrieved 2023-12-30.
- ^ GÖKKIR, Bilal, and Necmettin GÖKKIR. "Sufi or Salafi? Alusi’s Struggle For His Reputation Against Ottoman Bureaucracy With His Tafsir, Ruh al-Maani."
- ^ GÖKKIR, Bilal, and Necmettin GÖKKIR. "Sufi or Salafi? Alusi’s Struggle For His Reputation Against Ottoman Bureaucracy With His Tafsir, Ruh al-Maani."
- ^ Al-Alousi, Mahmoud Shukri (1930). Al-Jubouri, Abdullah (ed.). المسك الأذفر [Almisk al-Adhfar] (in Arabic). Baghdad: Arab Encyclopaedia House. pp. 171–200.
- ^ GÖKKIR, Bilal, and Necmettin GÖKKIR. "Sufi or Salafi? Alusi’s Struggle For His Reputation Against Ottoman Bureaucracy With His Tafsir, Ruh al-Maani."
- ^ "سلسلة رموز الإصلاح 16– علامة العراق أبو المعالي محمود شكري الألوسي (1273/ 1342هـ - 1856/ 1924م)". www.alrased.net. Retrieved 2024-03-28.
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