Хусейн Фарра Айдид
Хусейн Мохамед Фарра Айдид Хусейн Мухаммед Фара Айдид Хуссейн Мохамед Фара помощник | |
|---|---|
| Личные данные | |
| Рожденный | 16 августа 1962 г. Регион Мудуг , Сомали |
| Национальность | Сомалийский Американец |
| Политическая партия | Сомалийский национальный альянс (SNA) |
| Награды | Экспедиционная медаль морской пехоты Экспедиционная медаль вооруженных сил |
| Военная служба | |
| Филиал/сервис |  Корпус морской пехоты США |
| Годы службы | 1987–1995 |
| Rank | Corporal |
| Unit | Battery B, 14th Marine Regiment 2nd Battalion, 9th Marine Regiment |
| Battles/wars | Operation Desert Storm Operation Restore Hope |
Хусейн Мохамед Фарра ( Сомали : Xuseen Максамед Факс Каидид , арабский : حسين محمد فارح عيديي вероятно (родился 16 августа 1962 г.) - сын Мохамеда Фарра Айдид генерала Его отец был лидером Сомалийского национального альянса (SNA), функции, которая обнаружила некоммерки II и США во время
Фарра является ветераном Корпуса морской пехоты США , служив во время пустынного шторма , служив в армии США с 1987 по 1995 год. В течение нескольких недель в течение 1992–1993 годов он служил переводчиком для командира сил Unitaf в Сомали. [ 1 ] Фарра сменила своего отца в качестве лидера SNA, и через два дня после смерти своего отца SNA объявила Фарру новой президентом, хотя он тоже не был на международном уровне. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Фарра отменила свое требование в качестве президента в декабре 1997 года, подписав Каирскую декларацию . [ 4 ] В начале 2000 -х годов он выступил против недавно сформированного переходного национального правительства (TNG) в качестве члена Сомалийского совета по примирению и восстановлению (SRRC). Он стал членом переходного федерального правительства (TFG), которое было сформировано в 2004 году, поддерживая эфиопское вторжение в Сомали . Позже Айдид перешел в альянс за переосмысление Сомали (ARS), которая боролась против эфиопской военной оккупации.
Early life
[edit]Born in Galkacyo, Farrah is a son of Mohamed Farrah Aidid and is sometimes known as Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid, Hussein Aidid[5] or Aidid Junior.[6] He emigrated to the United States when he was 17 years old,[7] and attended Covina High School, Covina, California, graduating in 1981.[8]
In 1987 he went to Citrus College in Glendora, California, and three years after University of California at Long Beach to study civil engineering.[8]
United States military service
[edit]In April 1987, Farrah enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Reserve as an artilleryman.[1] Following his training, he was assigned to the FDC, Fire Direction Control center, of Battery B of the 1st Battalion, 14th Marine Regiment at the Marine Corps reserve training center in Pico Rivera, California.[9] He served during Operation Desert Storm when B 1/14 was mobilized in support of that war.[10] During an engineering class, two Marine officers had interrupted a lecture to inform him he was urgently needed in Somalia.[8]
At the end of 1992, US forces deployed to Somalia. Farrah, at the time one of the few available Somali language translator with the Marines, was attached to UNITAF forces commander Lt. Gen. Robert B. Johnston.[1] Farrah was the only person in the Marine Corps who was fluent in speaking Somali. On account of this, UNITAF force commander Johnson designated Farrah his personal translator.[11] Farrah was only in Somalia for several weeks during the operation.[12] He served from 18 December 1992 to 5 January 1993 before returning home to the United States the next day.[1] During this period he served as a liaison between US forces and his father, Mohamed Farrah Aidid. Farrah later recounted about his service to the Associated Press:[8]
''I always wanted to be a marine...You know how it is watching Marine soldiers. I'm proud of my background and military discipline. Once a marine, always a marine.''
After the Battle of Mogadishu several months later, Farrah was working for the a local government in California. According to Farrah a Marine colonel had asked him to "beg his father to release a captured American pilot".[12]
Somali National Alliance (SNA)
[edit]When he turned 30 years old, Farrah was selected by the Habar Gidir clan as successor to his father and returned to Somalia.[13][unreliable source?] In the second half of the 1990s, different faction leaders vied for the Presidency, with none receiving international recognition. General Mohamed Farrah Aidid claimed to be President from June 15, 1995 to his death on August 1, 1996. Following this Hussein was sworn in as "interim President",[3] and became leader of the Somali National Alliance (SNA), the same alliance his father led against the US forces. Farrah was seen by the West as a chance of improvement for the relationships between them and Somalia.
On September 1, 1996, Aidid met with UN representatives for the first time, to deal with issues left over as legacies of his father's administration. Issues addressed at the meeting which needed to be resolved before the return of UN workers and the resumption of UN assistance.[14]
On December 17, 1996, rival warlord Ali Mahdi Mohamed attacked his headquarters, leaving 135 dead after five days of fighting in Mogadishu.[15]
On December 22, 1997, he relinquished the disputed title of President by signing the Cairo Declaration, in Cairo, Egypt following a peace process between the Salbalar administration and the Soodare Group.[16]
On March 30, 1998, Ali Mahdi Mohamed and Hussein Aidid signed a peace treaty in which they agreed to share power over Mogadishu, ending seven years of fighting following the ousting of Siad Barre.[15]
On February 23, 1999, militiamen loyal to Aidid murdered 60 civilians in Baidoa and Daynunay.[15]
Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC)
[edit]Hussein Aidid refused to recognize the newly forming Djibouti-backed Mogadishu-based Transitional Federal Government (TFG),[17] accusing it of "harboring militant Islamist sympathizers."[18] Instead he formed the rival Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC) in early 2001. During the early 2000's, Villa Somalia was under the control of Aidids SRRC and his militia used the Villa as a base to attack the TNG and forces loyal to it.[19]
At some time during late 2001, he advised US President George W. Bush that a money transfer and telecommunications company, Al Barakaat, "had ties to terrorists and that there were terrorists in Somalia sympathetic to Osama bin Laden."[15] He also "warned that militant Islamist Pakistani proselytizers were active in Mogadishu and other Somali cities and that they have strong links to Al-Itihaad al-Islamiya."[18] In July 2003, at the Somali National Reconciliation Conference, the SRRC and TNG leadership reached key compromises: "The TNG accepted the number of parliamentarians proposed by the SRRC while the latter approved the inclusion of politicians as requested by the TNG."[20]
Transitional Federal Government (TFG)
[edit]Offices held:
- Deputy Prime Minister (2005 – May 13, 2007)
- Minister of the Interior (2005 – February 7, 2007)
- Minister of Public Works and Housing (February 7, 2007 – December 2008)
On December 28, 2006, after the defeat of the Islamic Courts Union (ICU), Aidid was present when government forces entered Mogadishu.[21] On January 2, 2007, Aidid was quoted as suggesting Somalis in Ethiopia and Somalia should share a common passport, raising concerns of whether Somalia had plans to annex the Somali Region of Ethiopia.
On February 7, 2007, as part of Prime Minister Ali Mohamed Ghedi's cabinet reshuffling, he was moved from Minister of the Interior to Minister of Public Works and Housing.[22]
On May 13, 2007, he was sacked from the position of deputy prime minister, with the reason being given that he was inactive in his duties. This followed Aidid's defection to Asmara, Eritrea, and his accusation that Ethiopia was guilty of "genocide" and calling for its withdrawal.[23]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "SON OF AIDEED IS A U.S. MARINE". Washington Post. Reuters. January 4, 2024. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved May 25, 2024.
- ^ Kampeas, Ron (November 2, 2002). "From Marine to warlord: The strange journey of Hussein Farrah Aidid". Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 28, 2007.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Death of a Warlord: The succession". Archived from the original on November 18, 2006. Retrieved January 30, 2007.
- ^ "SECURITY COUNCIL WELCOMES RESULTS OF SOMALI LEADERS' MEETINGS IN CAIRO". Archived from the original on June 3, 2021. Retrieved June 28, 2017.
- ^ Somalia's thoughtful 'warlord' Archived December 21, 2016, at the Wayback Machine BBC
- ^ Somalia: Somali faction hands over thousands of landmines Archived March 16, 2014, at the Wayback Machine SomaliNet
- ^ "From Marine to warlord: The strange journey of Hussein Farrah Aidid". Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved June 5, 2006.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Jr, James C. McKinley (August 12, 1996). "How a U.S. Marine Became Leader of Somalia". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 25, 2024.
- ^ Ricks, Thomas (1997). Making The Corps. New York: Scribner. p. 219. ISBN 9780684831091.
- ^ "Boston.com / Fighting Terrorism". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved June 5, 2006.
- ^ "AN IMPRESSIVE-YET TROUBLING-MARINE ON DUTY IN SOMALIA". Chicago Tribune. January 8, 1993.
Cpl. Hussen Farah, the only person in the entire U.S. Marine Corps who speaks fluent Somali,
- ^ Jump up to: a b Winter, Deena (August 21, 2023). "Former Somali warlord spoke at Minneapolis City Council candidate's fundraiser • Minnesota Reformer". Minnesota Reformer. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
- ^ Hussein Farrah Aydiid Archived December 12, 2005, at the Wayback Machine Dictator for Hire
- ^ Somalia: Humanitarian Situation Report, September 1996 UN Humanitarian Coordinator and Resident Representative for Somalia
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Timeline Somalia Archived June 2, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Timelines.ws
- ^ "Somali Factions Sign Peace Agreement". CNN. December 22, 1997. Archived from the original on March 9, 2008. Retrieved January 14, 2007.
- ^ Somali warlords form unity council Archived June 2, 2021, at the Wayback Machine BBC
- ^ Jump up to: a b Africa Policy E-Journal, December 2002 Archived December 6, 2006, at the Wayback Machine Africa Action
- ^ "Somalia: Fighting at port challenges interim government - Somalia". ReliefWeb. The New Humanitarian. May 12, 2001. Retrieved July 28, 2024.
- ^ Weekly Sitrep no. 20 (Covering from 05th to July 11, 2003) Archived March 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine NOVIB SOMALIA Somali National Reconciliation Conference
- ^ Сомалийский премьер -министр входит в Могадишо среди протестов, архивных 12 февраля 2012 года, на машине Wayback Mustafa Haji Abdinur, Middle East Online
- ^ «Сомали: PM Reshuffles Cabinet» . Сомалинет. 7 февраля 2007 года. Архивировано из оригинала 17 февраля 2012 года . Получено 10 февраля 2007 года .
- ^ «Сомалиновые новости: Сомали: бывший министр обороны приветствует потерю своего кабинета: Сомалинот> Сомали> Сомали и Сомалинад» . Архивировано из оригинала 16 мая 2007 года . Получено 16 мая 2007 г.
Внешние ссылки
[ редактировать ]- 1962 Рождения
- Живые люди
- Американский народ сомалийского происхождения
- Члены переходного федерального парламента
- Люди из Большого Лос -Анджелеса
- Сомалийские политики Национального альянса
- Сомалийские лидеры фракций
- Унтер-офицеры морской пехоты Соединенных Штатов
- Дети президентов
- Натурализованные граждане Соединенных Штатов
- Соединенные сотрудники морской пехоты Соединенных Штатов войны в Персидском заливе