Барри Бём

Барри Уильям Бём (16 мая 1935 г. - 20 августа 2022 г.) ^[1] был американским инженером-программистом , заслуженным профессором ^[2]^[3] информатики, промышленной и системной инженерии; профессор программной инженерии TRW; и директор-основатель Центра системной и программной инженерии Университета Южной Калифорнии . Он был известен своим большим вкладом в область разработки программного обеспечения .

В 1996 году Бём был избран членом Национальной инженерной академии за вклад в разработку компьютерных и программных архитектур, а также в модели стоимости, качества и риска для аэрокосмических систем.

Биография [ править ]

Бём родился 16 мая 1935 года. ^[4] Он получил степень бакалавра математики в в Гарвардском университете в 1957 году, степень магистра в 1961 году и докторскую степень в Калифорнийском университете в Лос-Анджелесе 1964 году, по математике также . Он также получил почетную степень доктора философии. Степень бакалавра компьютерных наук Массачусетского университета в 2000 году и степень бакалавра разработки программного обеспечения Китайской академии наук в 2011 году. ^[5]

В 1955 году начал работать программистом-аналитиком в компании General Dynamics . В 1959 году перешел в корпорацию RAND , где до 1973 года возглавлял отдел информационных наук. С 1973 по 1989 год был главным научным сотрудником группы оборонных систем в TRW Inc. С 1989 по 1992 год служил в Министерстве обороны США. (DoD) в качестве директора Управления информационных наук и технологий DARPA и директора Управления программного обеспечения и компьютерных технологий DDR&E. ^[5] С 1992 года он был профессором кафедры программной инженерии TRW на факультете компьютерных наук и директором Центра системной и программной инженерии Университета Южной Калифорнии (ранее Центр программной инженерии).

Он входил в состав правления нескольких научных журналов, в том числе IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering , Computer , IEEE Software , ACM Computing Reviews , Automated Software Engineering , Software Process и Information and Software Technology . ^[5]

Награды [ править ]

Later awards for Boehm included the Office of the Secretary of Defense Award for Excellence in 1992, the ASQC Lifetime Achievement Award in 1994, the ACM Distinguished Research Award in Software Engineering in 1997, and the IEEE International Stevens Award. He was an AIAA Fellow, an ACM Fellow, an IEEE Fellow, and a member of the National Academy of Engineering (1996).^[6] He received the Mellon Award for Excellence in Mentoring in 2005^[7] and the IEEE Simon Ramo Medal in 2010. He was appointed a distinguished professor on January 13, 2014.^[2]

He was awarded the INCOSE Pioneer Award in 2019 by the International Council on Systems Engineering for significant pioneering contributions to the field of systems engineering.^[8]

Work[edit]

Boehm's research interests included software development process modeling, software requirements engineering, software architectures, software metrics and cost models, software engineering environments, and knowledge-based software engineering.^[5]

His contributions to the field, according to Boehm (1997) himself, include "the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO), the spiral model of the software process, the Theory W (win-win) approach to software management and requirements determination and two advanced software engineering environments: the TRW Software Productivity System and Quantum Leap Environment".^[5]

Software versus hardware costs[edit]

In an important 1973 report entitled "Ada - The Project : The DoD High Order Language Working Group" to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA),^[9] Boehm predicted that software costs would overwhelm hardware costs. DARPA had expected him to predict that hardware would remain the biggest problem, encouraging them to invest in even larger computers. The report inspired a change of direction in computing.^{[citation needed]}

Software economics[edit]

Boehm's 1981 book Software Engineering Economics documents his Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO). It relates software development effort for a program, in Person-Months (PM), to Thousand Source Lines of Code (KSLOC).

$PM=A*(KSLOC)^{B}$

Where A is a calibration constant based on project data and B is an exponent for the software diseconomy of scale.

Note: since man-years are not interchangeable with years, Brooks' Law applies:
- Adding programmers to a late project makes it later.
- Thus this formula is best applied to stable software development teams which have completed multiple projects.

Spiral model[edit]

Boehm also created the spiral model of software development, in which the phases of development are repeatedly revisited. This iterative software development process influenced MBASE and extreme programming.

Wideband Delphi[edit]

Boehm refined the Delphi method of estimation to include more group iteration, making it more suitable for certain classes of problems, such as software development. This variant is called the Wideband Delphi method.

Incremental Commitment Model[edit]

The Incremental Commitment Model (ICM)^[10] is a system design, developmental, and evolution process for 21^st century systems. The systems' types cover a wide range from COTS based systems to "routine" Information Systems to human intensive and life or safety critical.^[11]

Boehm then reconciled the ICM with the WinWin Spiral Model and its incarnation in MBASE^[12] and the follow-on Lean MBASE,^[13] and worked towards an Incremental Commitment Model for Software (ICMS) by adapting the existing WinWin Spiral Model support tools.^[11]In 2008, the evolving ICM for Software with its risk-driven anchor point decisions, proved very useful to several projects which ended up having unusual life cycle phase sequences.^[11]

Publications[edit]

Boehm published over 170 articles^[14] and several books. Books, a selection:

1978. Characteristics of Software Quality. With J.R. Brown, H. Kaspar, M. Lipow, G. McLeod, and M. Merritt, North Holland.
1981. Software Engineering Economics. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice-Hall, 1981 ISBN 0-13-822122-7.
— (1989). "Software Risk Management". In Ghezzi, C.; McDermid, J. A. (eds.). Proceedings of 2nd European Software Engineering Conference. ESEC'89. LNCS. Vol. 387. pp. 1–19. doi:10.1007/3-540-51635-2_29. ISBN 3-540-51635-2. ISSN 0302-9743.
1996. Ada and Beyond: Software Policies for the Department of Defense. National Academy Press.
2000. Software Cost Estimation with COCOMO II. B. Boehm, C. Abts, A. W. Brown, S. Chulani, B. Clark, E. Horowitz, R. Madachy, D. Reifer, B. Steece. Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice-Hall, 2000 ISBN 0-13-026692-2.
2007. Software engineering: Barry Boehm's lifetime contributions to software development, management and research. Ed. by Richard Selby. Wiley/IEEE press, 2007. ISBN 0-470-14873-X.
2004. Balancing Agility and Discipline: A Guide for the Perplexed. With Richard Turner. Pearson Education, Inc 2004 ISBN 0-321-18612-5.
2014. The Incremental Commitment Spiral Model: Principles and Practices for Successful Systems and Software. B. Boehm, J. Lane, S. Koolmanojwong, R. Turner. Addison-Wesley Professional, 2014. ISBN 0-321-80822-3.

Articles

1996. "Anchoring the Software Process",. In: IEEE Software, July 1996.
1997. "Developing Multimedia Applications with the WinWin Spiral Model," with A. Egyed, J. Kwan, and R. Madachy. In: Proceedings, ESEC/FSE 97 and ACM Software Engineering Notes, November 1997.

References[edit]

^ Barry Boehm, a “Living Legend” in Systems and Software Engineering, Dies at 87
^ Jump up to: Jump up to: ^a ^b "Distinguished Professors | About USC". Archived from the original on 2014-04-19. Retrieved 2014-04-23.
^ "Dr. Barry W. Boehm named USC Distinguished Professor – CSSE". Csse.usc.edu. 2014-01-27. Archived from the original on 2016-10-24. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
^ IEEE Membership Directory. 1995. p. 54. Retrieved 1 September 2022.
^ Jump up to: Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Biography". csse.usc.edu. Archived from the original on 2013-09-24. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
^ "NAE Directory, 1996".
^ "CET: Mentoring: Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Academic Mentoring Support Program: Awards for Excellence in Mentoring: Awards". Archived from the original on 2005-08-25. Retrieved 2005-08-24.
^ "Pioneer Awards". INCOSE. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
^ William A. Whitaker (1993). Ada - The Project : The DoD High Order Language Working Group Archived 2008-08-12 at the Wayback Machine. Accessdate 2008-08-06.
^ "CSE Website". Sunset.usc.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
^ Jump up to: Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Boehm, B., Brown, A. W., and Koolmanojwong, S. Demonstration Proposal: Incremental Commitment Model for Software. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. 90089.
^ Boehm, B., Abts, C., Brown, A. W., Chulani, S., Clark, B. K., Horowitz, K., Madachy, R., Reifer, D., and Steece, B. 2000. Software Cost Estimation with COCOMO II. ISBN 0-13-026692-2. Prentice Hall PTR Upper Saddle River, NJ.
^ "Csci 577A - Software Engineering I". Archived from the original on 2008-06-18. Retrieved 2009-06-04.
^ "DBLP: Barry W. Boehm". Dblp.uni-trier.de. Retrieved 2016-10-23.

External links[edit]

Barry Boehm home page Archived 2013-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
"A View of 20th and 21st Century Software Engineering" — talk by Barry Boehm

[1] Barry Boehm, a “Living Legend” in Systems and Software Engineering, Dies at 87

[about.usc.edu-2] Jump up to: Jump up to: ^a ^b "Distinguished Professors | About USC". Archived from the original on 2014-04-19. Retrieved 2014-04-23.

[3] "Dr. Barry W. Boehm named USC Distinguished Professor – CSSE". Csse.usc.edu. 2014-01-27. Archived from the original on 2016-10-24. Retrieved 2016-10-23.

[4] IEEE Membership Directory. 1995. p. 54. Retrieved 1 September 2022.

[Boe97-5] Jump up to: Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Biography". csse.usc.edu. Archived from the original on 2013-09-24. Retrieved 2017-05-14.

[6] "NAE Directory, 1996".

[7] "CET: Mentoring: Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Academic Mentoring Support Program: Awards for Excellence in Mentoring: Awards". Archived from the original on 2005-08-25. Retrieved 2005-08-24.

[8] "Pioneer Awards". INCOSE. Retrieved 7 March 2020.

[9] William A. Whitaker (1993). Ada - The Project : The DoD High Order Language Working Group Archived 2008-08-12 at the Wayback Machine. Accessdate 2008-08-06.

[10] "CSE Website". Sunset.usc.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-10-23.

[ReferenceA-11] Jump up to: Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Boehm, B., Brown, A. W., and Koolmanojwong, S. Demonstration Proposal: Incremental Commitment Model for Software. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. 90089.

[12] Boehm, B., Abts, C., Brown, A. W., Chulani, S., Clark, B. K., Horowitz, K., Madachy, R., Reifer, D., and Steece, B. 2000. Software Cost Estimation with COCOMO II. ISBN 0-13-026692-2. Prentice Hall PTR Upper Saddle River, NJ.

[13] "Csci 577A - Software Engineering I". Archived from the original on 2008-06-18. Retrieved 2009-06-04.

[14] "DBLP: Barry W. Boehm". Dblp.uni-trier.de. Retrieved 2016-10-23.

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