Ivan Hadzhinikolov
Ivan Hadzhinikolov (Bulgarian: Иван Атанасов Хаджиниколов, Macedonian: Иван Атанасов Хаџи Николов; December 24, 1869 – July 9, 1934) was a Macedonian Bulgarian[1][2][3] revolutionary, leader of the revolutionary movement in Macedonia and Adrianople vilayet. He was among the founders of the Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committees (IMARO) in October 1893 (the organization was renamed several times afterwards).[4] He is considered a Macedonian by the historiography in North Macedonia.[5]
Biography
[edit]He received elementary and secondary education in Kukush, Plovdiv and Svishtov. Then Hadzhinikolov graduated higher education at commerce in Linz. After that he worked as a Bulgarian teacher in Kostenets, Edessa, Kukush and Thessaloniki. From 1888 to 1892 he taught arithmetic and accounting at the Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki.[6] In July 1892, he met with Kosta Shahov and Gotse Delchev in Sofia and discussed with them his idea of founding a revolutionary organization in Ottoman Macedonia.
The IMARO was founded in his house in 1893. According to him, one of the main reasons for creating the Organization was the aggressive Serbian propaganda in Macedonia.[7] Hadzhinikolov opened a bookstore in Thessaloniki in 1893 after leaving the Bulgarian high school. After supposing to be arrested in 1901, he handed over the IMARO archives to Ivan Garvanov, who later became the new leader of the Organization.[8] Subsequently he was arrested by the Ottomans and sent into exile in Bodrum Castle in Asia Minor. After amnesty in 1903 Hadzhinikolov went to Sofia and was engaged in booktrade and commerce. During the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), Ivan Hadzinikolov was a volunteer in the Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corps in the Bulgarian army.[9]
After the First World War, he became a prominent figure in the Macedonian immigration to Bulgaria.[10] After a heavy illness with disordered nerves he commitеd suicide in 1934.
His grandson is the famous Bulgarian sculptor Alexandar Dyakov (1932 - 2018).[11]
References
[edit]- ^ Peter Ivanov Kardjilov (2020) The Cinematographic Activities of Charles Rider Noble and John Mackenzie in the Balkans (Volume One) Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2020 ISBN 1527550737 p. 3.
- ^ Иван Хаджиниколов"Спомени", сп. "Илюстрация Илинден", София, 1935-1937 година.
- ^ "Имав околу 10 години, кога за прв пат почнав да учам бугарска историја од учебникот на Д.В. Манчов. При учењето од таа историја си велев: "Значи ние сме си имали царство ама ни го зеле Турците". Од истава историја дознав дека некогаш и Тесалија била населена со Бугари, кои Грците ги погрчиле. И тогаш пак си велев: "Значи и Грците се наши непријатели. Па, зошто нашите татковци не се дигнат да си го земат царството од Турците и да си ја вратат погрчената Тесалија? По средината на бугарските земји се протега Стара Планина. Тука можат да се соберат сите останали Бугари и од таму да тргнат кон Цариград, Солун и Тесалија". "Спомени; И.Х. Николов, Д. Груев, Б. Сарафов, Ј. Сандански, М. Герџиков, д-р Х. Татарчев", Скопје, 1995 година.
- ^ The Macedonian Question: Britain and the Southern Balkans 1939-1949, Dimitris Livanios, Oxford University Press US, 2008, p. 18., ISBN 0-19-923768-9
- ^ Todorovska, Katerina (2003). Македонско-албански врски 1878-1903. p. 41. ISBN 9789989932229.
- ^ Николов, Борис Й. Вътрешна Македоно-одринска революционна организация. Войводи и ръководители (1893-1934). Биографично-библиографски справочник, С. 2001, с. 177
- ^ „Илюстрация Илинден", София, 1936 г., кн. 1, стр. 4-5; (Magazine Ilustratsia Ilinden), Sofia, 1936, book I, pp. 4-5.
- ^ For freedom and perfection: the life of Yané Sandansky, Mercia MacDermott, Journeyman, 1988, рр. 55-56., ISBN 1-85172-014-6
- ^ Дървингов, Петър. История на Македоно-одринското опълчение, Том II, София, 1925, стр. 727.
- ^ Палешутски, Костадин. Македонското освободително движение след Първата световна война (1918 – 1924). София, Издателство на Българската академия на науките, 1993. ISBN 954-430-230-1, с. 65.
- ^ Ива Йолова (Преса); Скулпторът Александър Дяков: Имам послание за извънземните. Епицентър, 8 авг. 2013 г.
- 1869 births
- 1934 deaths
- People from Kilkis
- Bulgarians from Aegean Macedonia
- Bulgarian educators
- Bulgarian revolutionaries
- Bulgarian military personnel of the Balkan Wars
- Macedonian Bulgarians
- Bulgarian people imprisoned abroad
- Recipients of Ottoman royal pardons
- Members of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
- Exiles from the Ottoman Empire
- 1934 suicides
- Revolutionaries from the Ottoman Empire