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National Treasure (North Korea)

National Treasure
The Myogilsang Buddhist statue on Mt. Kumgang, the 102nd Korean national treasure.
Korean name
Chosŏn'gŭl
Hancha
Revised RomanizationGukbo
McCune–ReischauerKukpo

A National Treasure (Korean: 국보; Hanja: 國寶) is a tangible artifact, site, or building deemed by the Government of North Korea to have significant historical or artistic value to the country.

History

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The first list of Korean cultural treasures was designated by Governor-General of Korea in 1938 during the Japanese occupation with "The Act of Treasures of the Joseon dynasty".[1]

Nos. 1-50

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Name Location Chosŏn'gŭl Hancha Image
1 Pyongyang Castle Chung-guyok/Pyongchon-guyok, Pyongyang 평양성 平壤城
2 Anhak Palace Anhak-dong, Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 안학궁 安鶴宮
3 Potongmun Potongmun-dong, Chung-guyok, Pyongyang 보통문 普通門
4 Taedongmun Taedongmun-dong, Chung-guyok, Pyongyang 대동문 大同門
5 Sungin Hall Jongro-dong, Chung-guyok, Pyongyang 숭인전 崇仁殿
6 Sungryong Hall Jongro-dong, Chung-guyok, Pyongyang 숭령전 崇靈殿
7 Tabo Pagoda of Pohyonsa Buddhist temple Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사다보탑 普賢寺多寶塔
8 Taesong Fortress Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 대성산성 大城山城
9 Chongam-ri Earthen Castle Chongam-ri, Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 청암리토성 清巖里土城
10 South Gate of Taesong Fortress Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 대성산성남문 大城山城南門
11 Lotus-ponds of Mt. Taesong Taesong-dong, Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 대성산련못떼 大城山蓮池郡
12 Group of Koguryo tombs on Mt. Taesong Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 대성산고구려고분군 大城山高句麗古墳群
13 Pobun Hermitage of Yongmyongsa Buddhist temple Ryongbong-ri, Mangyongdae-guyok, Pyongyang 영명사법운암 永明寺法雲庵
14 Ryonggok Academy Ryongbong-ri, Mangyongdae-guyok, Pyongyang 룡곡서원 龍谷書院
15 Ryongsan-ri Koguryo Tombs Ryongsan-ri, Chunghwa-gun, Pyongyang 룡산리고구려고분군 龍山里高句麗古墳群
16 Ryongwang Pavilion Taedongmun-dong, Chung-guyok, Pyongyang 련광정 練光亭
17 Pubyok Pavilion Moranbong Park, Pyongyang 부벽루 浮碧樓
18 Chilsongmun Moranbong Park, Pyongyang 칠성문 七星門
19 Ulmil Pavilion Moranbong Park, Pyongyang 을밀대 乙密臺
20 Chongryu Pavilion Moranbong Park, Pyongyang 청류정 清流亭
21 Choesung Pavilion Moranbong Park, Pyongyang 최승대 最勝臺
22 Jongum Gate Moranbong Park, Pyongyang 전금문 轉錦門
23 Bell Pavilion & Pyongyang Bell Taedongmun-dong, Chung-guyok, Pyongyang 평양종각 平壤鐘閣
24 7-storied hexagonal pagoda of Hongboksa Buddhist temple Moranbong Park, Pyongyang 홍복사6각7층탑 弘福寺六角七層塔
25 Site of Kumgangsa Buddhist temple Chongam-ri, Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 금강사지 金剛寺址
26 Honam-ri Four Spirits Tomb Honam-ri, Samsŏk-guyŏk, Pyongyang 호남리사신총 湖南里四神塚
27 Komun Moru ("Black Anvil") Stone Age ruins Hoku-ri, Sangwon-gun, Pyongyang 상원검은모루유적 祥原검은모루遺蹟
28 Kangso Three Tombs Sammyo-ri, Kangso-gun 강서삼묘 江西三墓
29 Yaksu-ri rock-paintings tomb Yaksu-ri, Kangso-gun 약수리벽화고분 藥水里壁畵古墳
30 Susan-ri rock-paintings tomb Susan-ri, Kangso-gun 수산리벽화고분 修山里壁畵古墳
31 Paeksang Pavilion Dungbangsan-dong, Anju 백상루 百祥樓
32 Kangson Pavilion Songchon 강선루 降仙樓
33 Hunryon Pavilion Pyongwon 훈련정 訓鍊亭
34 Anguksa Buddhist temple Ponghak-dong, Pyongsong 안국사 安國寺
35 Songchon Guest House Songchon 성천객사 成川客舍
36 Tomb of King Tongmyong Ryongsan-ri, Ryokpo-guyok, Pyongyang 동명왕릉 東明王陵
37 Hwangryong Fortress Okdo-ri, Ryonggang-gun, Nampo 황룡산성 黃龍山城
38 Jamo Fortress Ochung-ri, Pyongsong 자모산성 慈母山城
39 Twin Column Tomb Ryonggang, Nampo 쌍영총 雙楹塚
40 Pohyonsa Buddhist temple Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사 普賢寺
41 Sangwon Hermitage Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사상원암 普賢寺上元庵
42 Chuksong Hall Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사축성전 普賢寺祝聖殿
43 Puryong Hermitage Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사불영암 普賢寺佛影庵
44 South Gate of Kuju Castle Tongmun-dong, Kusong 구주성남문 龜州城南門
45 Changsong Provincial School Changsong 창성향교 昌城鄕校
46 Chonjusa Buddhist temple Yongbyon 천주사 天柱寺
47 Ryuksung Pavilion Yongbyon 륙승정 六勝亭
48 Koryo Changsong Kumya-ri, Changsong-gun 고려장성 高麗長城
49 Mannomun Yongbyon 만노문 萬弩門
50 Sounsa Buddhist temple Yongbyon 서운사 棲雲寺

Nos. 51-100

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Name Location Chosŏn'gŭl Hanja Image
51 Tonggun Pavilion Uiju 통군정 統軍亭
52 Uiju Castle Uiju 의주읍성 義州邑城)
53 Kumgwangsa Buddhist temple Kumgwang-ri, Uiju 금광사 金光寺
54 Simwonsa (Pakchon) Buddhist temple Pakchon 박천심원사 博川深源寺
55 Yanghwasa Buddhist temple Sangdan-ri, Taechon-gun 양화사 陽和寺
56 Ryongo-ri Fortress Ryongsang-ri, Taechon-gun 룡오리산성 龍五里山城
57 Kwanum Hall of Pohyonsa Buddhist temple Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사관음전 普賢寺觀音殿
58 Paekmasan Fortress Paekma Worker's District, Pihyon-gun 백마산성 白馬山城
59 Sŏngdong-ri Dharani Monument Sŏngdong-ri, P'ihyŏn-gun 성동리다라니석당 城東里陀羅尼石幢
60 Kuju Castle Kusong 구주성 龜州城
61 Runghan Fortress Kwaksan 릉한산성 陵寒山城
62 Ryonggol Fortress Pihyon-gun/Yomju-gun 룡골산성 竜骨山城
63 Cholong Castle Yongbyon 철옹성 鐵瓮城
64 Inpung Pavilion Chungsong-dong, Kanggye 인풍루 仁風樓
65 Mangmi Pavilion Pukchang-dong, Kanggye 망미정 望美亭
66 Kanggye Magistrate's Office Pukmun-dong, Kanggye 강계아사 江界衙舍
67 Anak Tomb No.3 Oguk-ri, Anak-gun 안악3호분 安岳三號墳
68 Puyong Hall Puyong-dong, Haeju 부용당 芙蓉堂
69 Haeju Sokbinggo (ice house) Okgye-dong, Haeju 해주석빙고 海州石氷庫
70 9-storied pagoda of Haeju Haechong-dong, Haeju 해주9층탑 海州九層塔
71 5-storied pagoda of Haeju Okgye-dong, Haeju 해주5층탑 海州五層塔
72 Site of Sunmyong Gate Yonggwang-dong, Haeju 순명문테 順明門址
73 Anak Tomb No.1 Taechu-ri, Anak-gun 안악1호분 安岳一號墳
74 Anak Tomb No.2 Taechu-ri, Anak-gun 안악2호분 安岳二號墳
75 Woljongsa Buddhist temple Woljong-sa, Anak-gun 월정사 月精寺
76 Noam-ri dolmen Noam-ri, Anak-gun 노암리고인돌 路岩里支石墓
77 Kangsosa Buddhist temple Kangho-ri, Paechon-gun 강서사 江西寺
78 Ryongdong-ri Dolmen Ryongdong-ri, Paechon-gun 룡동리고인돌 龍東里支石墓
79 Sohyon Academy Sokdam-ri, Pyoksong-gun 소현서원 紹賢書院
80 Chahyesa Buddhist temple Sowon-ri, Sinchon-gun 자혜사 慈惠寺
81 Hanging Hermitage of Myoumsa Buddhist temple Sorim-ri, Chaeryong-gun 묘음사현암 妙陰寺懸庵
82 Haeju Dharani Monument Haechong-dong, Haeju 해주다라니석당 海州陀羅尼石幢
83 Five-storied pagoda of Hakrimsa Buddhist temple Hakrim-ri, Changyon-gun 학림사5층탑 鶴林寺五層塔
84 Kwansan-ri Dolmen Kwansan-ri, Unryul-gun 관산리고인돌 冠山里支石墓
85 Monument to the Venerable Jinchol of Kwangjosa Buddhist temple Hakhyon-dong, Haeju 광조사진철대사탑비 廣照寺眞澈大師塔碑
86 Yonan Castle Yonan 연안읍성 延安邑城
87 Songbulsa Buddhist temple Kwangsong-dong, Sariwon 성불사 成佛寺
88 South gate of Jongbangsan Fortress Jongbang-ri, Sariwon 정방산성 正方山城南門
89 Jongbangsan Fortress Jongbang-ri, Sariwon 정방산성 正方山城
90 Monument to Commander Kim Song-op Songmun-dong, Sariwon 성장김성업비 城將金成業碑
91 Yontan Simwonsa Buddhist temple Yontan 연탄심원사 燕灘心源寺
92 Kwijinsa Buddhist temple Songwol-ri, Sohung-gun 귀진사 歸眞寺
93 Taebaeksan Fortress Sansong-ri, Pyongsan-gun 태백산성 太白山城
94 Sogwangsa Buddhist temple Solbang-ri, Kosan-gun 석왕사 釋王寺
95 Singyesa Buddhist temple Onjong-ri, Kosan-gun 신계사 神溪寺
96 Site of Changansa Buddhist temple Naegang-ri, Kumgang-gun 장안사 長安寺址
97 Pyohunsa Buddhist temple Naegang-ri, Kumgang-gun 표훈사 表訓寺
98 Podok Hermitage Naegang-ri, Kumgang-gun 보덕암 普德庵
99 Chongyangsa Buddhist temple Naegang-ri, Kumgang-gun 정양사 正陽寺
100 Lion Pagoda of Kumjang Hermitage Naegang-ri, Kumgang-gun 금장암사자탑 金藏庵獅子塔

Nos. 101-150

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Name Location Chosŏn'gŭl Hanja Image
101 3-storied pagoda of Changyonsa Buddhist temple Naegang-ri, Kumgang-gun 장연사3층탑 長淵寺三層塔
102 Myogilsang Buddhist statue Naegang-ri, Kumgang-gun 묘길상 妙吉祥
103 Kahak Pavilion Anbyon 가학루 駕鶴樓
104 Anbyon Pohyonsa Yongsin-ri, Anbyon-gun 안변보현사 安邊普賢寺
105 Myongjoksa Buddhist temple Yongsam-ri, Wonsan 명적사 明寂寺大雄殿
106 Chudun-ri Rainbow Bridge Chudun-ri, Kosong-gun 주둔리무지개다리 駐屯里무지개다리
107 Hamhung Royal Villa Sonamu-dong, Hungnam-guyok, Hamhung 함흥본궁 咸興本宮
108 Kuchon Pavilion of Hamhung Castle Hamhung 함흥성구천각 咸興城九天閣
109 Sonhwa Hall Hamhung 선화당 宣化堂
110 Monuments of King Chinhung (from Hwangcho Pass) Sonamu-dong, Hungnam-guyok, Hamhung 황초령진흥왕순수비 黃草嶺眞興王巡狩碑
111 Monuments of King Chinhung (from Maun Pass) Sonamu-dong, Hungnam-guyok, Hamhung 마운령진흥왕순수비 摩雲嶺眞興王巡狩碑
112 Chonggwangsa Buddhist temple Wonsa-ri, Riwon-gun 정광사 定光寺
113 Ryangchonsa Buddhist temple Nakchon-ri, Kowon-gun 양천사 梁泉寺
114 Kunja Pavilion Kumya 군자루 君子樓
115 Ryonghungsa Buddhist temple Ponghung-ri, Yonggwang-gun 룡흥사 龍興寺
116 Tongdoksa Buddhist temple Tuyon-ri, Tanchon 동덕사 同德寺
117 Kongmin Pavilion Yangsan-dong, Tanchon 공민루 公民樓
118 Kyongsong city walls Sungam Worker's District, Kyongsong-gun 경성읍성 鏡城邑城
119 Kyongsong South Gate Sungam Worker's District, Kyongsong-gun 경성읍성남문 鏡城邑城南門
120 Kaesimsa Buddhist temple Pochon-ri, Myongchon-gun 개심사 開心寺
121 Hwasong Ssanggyesa Buddhist temple Puam-ri, Hwasong-gun 화성쌍계사 化城雙磎寺
122 Manwoldae Palace Songak-dong, Kaesong 만월대 滿月臺
123 Tomb of King Kongmin (Hyonjongrung) Haeson-ri, Kaepung-gun 공민왕릉 (현정릉) 恭愍王陵 (玄正陵
124 Kaesong Namdaemun Nammun-dong, Kaesong 개성남대문 開城南大門
125 Kwanumsa Buddhist temple Pakyon-ri, Kaesong 관음사 觀音寺
126 Taehung Fortress Pakyon-ri, Kaesong 대흥산성 大興山城
127 Koryo Songgyungwan Confucian Academy Pangjik-dong, Kaesong 고려성균관 高麗成均館
128 Sungyang Academy Sonjuk-dong, Kaesong 숭양서원 崧陽書院
129 Defenses of the walled city of Kaesong Kaesong 발어참성 拔禦塹城
130 Outer wall of Kaesong Castle Kaesong 개성나성 開城羅城
131 Kaesong Chomsongdae Observatory Songak-dong, Kaesong 개성첨성대 開城瞻星臺
132 Pagoda of Hungguksa Buddhist temple Koryo Museum, Kaesong 흥국사석탑 興國寺石塔
133 Five-storied pagoda of Ryongtongsa Buddhist temple Ryonghung-dong, Kaesong 령통사5층탑 靈通寺五層塔
134 Stupa of Hwajangsa Buddhist temple Ryonghung-dong, Kaesong 화장사부도 華藏寺浮屠
135 5-storied pagoda of Pulilsa Buddhist temple Koryo Museum, Kaesong 불일사5층탑 佛日寺五層塔
136 Bell of Yonbok Temple (im Namdaemun) Nammun-dong, Kaesong 연복사종 演福寺鐘
137 Iron Buddha of Jokjo Temple Koryo Museum, Kaesong 적조사쇠부처 寂照寺鐵佛陀
138 Pyochung Pavilion Sonjuk-dong, Kaesong 표충단 表忠壇
139 7-storied pagoda of Hyonhwasa Buddhist temple Koryo Museum, Kaesong 현화사7층탑 玄化寺七層塔
140 Carved letters of Koguryo Pyongyang 글자새긴성돌
141 Ryongsan Hall of Pohyonsa Buddhist temple Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사령산전 普賢寺靈山殿
142 House[2] of Kim Ung-so Okdo-ri, Ryonggang-gun, Nampo 김응서집 金應瑞집
143 Suchung Shrine Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 수충사 酬忠祠
144 Sokka Pagoda of the Pohyonsa Buddhist temple Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사석가탑 普賢寺釋迦塔
145 Kyongam Pavilion Kyongam-dong, Sariwon 경암루 景巖樓
146 Site of Chilryolsa Buddhist temple Anju 칠렬사지 七烈寺址
147 Banner pillars of Chunghungsa Buddhist temple
(formerly known as "Kija's pillars")		 Inhung-dong, Moranbong-guyok, Pyongyang 중흥사당간지주 重興寺幢竿支柱
148 Octagonal stone shrine of Yongmyongsa Buddhist temple Moranbong Park, Pyongyang 영명사8각석불감 永明寺八角石佛龕
149 Monument of Pohyonsa Buddhist temple Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 보현사비 普賢寺碑
150 Kwangjesa Buddhist temple Chuksang-ri, Pukchong-gun 광제사 廣濟寺

Nos. 151-193

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Name Location Chosŏn'gŭl Hanja Image
151 Monument of Hyonhwasa Buddhist temple Koryo Museum, Kaesong 현화사비 玄化寺碑
152 Monument of Kwangtong Pojesonsa Buddhist temple Haeson-ri, Kaepung-gun 광통보제선사비 廣通普濟禪寺碑
153 Monument to Popgyong Taesa of Oryongsa Buddhist temple Ryonghung-ri, Kaesong 오룡사법경대사비 五龍寺法鏡大師碑
155 Monument to Taegak Guksa of Ryongtongsa Buddhist temple Ryonghung-ri, Kaesong 령통사 대각국사비 靈通寺大覺國師碑
156 Marble Avalokitesvara statue of Kwanumsa Buddhist temple Pakyon-ri, Kaesong 관음사대리석관음보살상 觀音寺大理石觀音菩薩像
157 Chinbuk Pavilion Kapsan 진북루 鎭北樓
158 Anju Castle Anju 안주성 安州城
159 Sonjuk Bridge Sonjuk-dong, Kaesong 선죽교 善竹橋)
160 Wooden bridge of the Koguryo Era Chongho-dong, Taesong-guyok/Hyuam-dong, Sadong-guyok, Pyongyang 고구려나무다리 高句麗나무다리
161 Tokhwa-ri Tomb No. 1 Tokhwa-ri, Taedong-gun 덕화리1호분 德花里一號墳
162 Bell of Yujomsa Buddhist temple Hyangam-ri, Hyangsan-gun 유점사종 楡岾寺鐘
163 Ryonghwasa Buddhist temple Kaeson-dong, Moranbong-guyok, Pyongyang 룡화사 龍華寺
164 Kwangbopsa Buddhist temple Taesong-dong, Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 광법사 廣法寺
170 Stone Lantern of Chahyesa Buddhist temple Sowon-ri, Sinchon-gun 자혜사석등 慈惠寺石燈
171 Paeyopsa Buddhist temple Paeyop-ri, Anak-gun 패엽사 貝葉寺
172 Koguryo well in Kosan-dong Kosan-dong, Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 고산동우물 高山洞우물
173 Chongrungsa Buddhist temple Ryongsan-ri, Ryokpo-guyok, Pyongyang 정릉사 定陵寺
174 Mausoleum of Tangun Munhung-ri, Kangdong-gun 단군릉 檀君陵
175 Ryongsan-ri dolmen Songchon-gun 룡산리고인돌 龍山里支石墓
176 Hoji Gate of Sogwangsa Buddhist temple Solbong-ri, Kosan-gun 석왕사호지문 釋王寺護持門
177 Three Stone Buddhas relief of Anyang Hermitage Onjong-ri, Kosong-gun 안양암마애3존불상 安養庵磨崖三尊佛像
178 Onjong-ri Buddha Onjong-ri, Kosong-gun 온정리마애불입상 溫井里庵磨崖佛立像
179 Tomb of King Wanggon (Hyonrung) Haeson-ri, Kaepung-gun 왕건왕릉 (현릉) 王建王陵 (顯陵)
180 Jinpari Tomb No. 4 Ryongsan-ri, Ryokpo-guyok, Pyongyang 진파리4호분 眞坡里四號墳
181 Jinpari Tomb No. 1 Ryongsan-ri, Ryokpo-guyok, Pyongyang 진파리1호분 眞坡里一號墳
182 Hyangdan-ri Tomb Namdang Worker's District, Kangdong-gun, Pyongyang 향단리돌관무덤 향단里突貫무덤
183 Hwangdaesong Dolmen Namdang Worker's District, Kangdong-gun, Pyongyang 황대성과고인돌 黃岱城과고인돌
184 7-storied octagonal pagoda of Chongrungsa Buddhist temple Ryongsan-ri, Ryokpo-guyok, Pyongyang 정릉사8각7층탑 定陵寺八角七層塔
185 5-storied pagoda of Kwangbopsa Buddhist temple Taesong-dong, Taesong-guyok, Pyongyang 광법사5층석탑 廣法寺五層塔
186 3-storied pagoda of Chongyangsa Buddhist temple Naegang-ri, Kumgang-gun 정양사3층탑 正陽寺三層塔
187 Site of Chonghae Earthen Castle Haho-ri, Pukchong-gun 청해토성지 靑海土城址
193 Pukkwan Victory Monument Rimmyong-ri, Kimchaek 북관대첩비 北關大捷碑 Replica in Gyeongbokgung

See also

[edit]

Footnotes

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  1. ^ 監査院「国宝1号を変更すべき」 (in Japanese). Chosun Ilbo Japan. 2005-11-08. Archived from the original on 2008-02-15. Retrieved 2008-01-07. 監査院は「日帝は1938年の『朝鮮宝物令』で文化財を指定した際、南大門を宝物1号に、現在の東大門(現在の宝物1号)を宝物2号に指定したが、光復 (独立)後も1962年にようやく国宝と宝物を指定した際、そのほとんどが日帝の宝物令にそのまま従って指定された」と明らかにした。
  2. ^ Kernbeisser's photostream (Flickr), Kim Ung So House (김응서집)

References

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