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Ekstraklasa

Ekstraklasa
Organising bodyEkstraklasa S.A.
Founded4 December 1926; 97 years ago (1926-12-04)[1]
First season1927
CountryPoland
ConfederationUEFA
Number of teams18 (since 2021–22)
Level on pyramid1
Relegation toI liga
Domestic cup(s)Polish Cup
Polish Super Cup
International cup(s)UEFA Champions League
UEFA Europa League
UEFA Conference League
Current championsJagiellonia Białystok (1st title)
(2023–24)
Most championshipsLegia Warsaw
(15 titles)
Most appearancesŁukasz Surma (559)
Top goalscorerErnest Pohl (186)
TV partnersList of broadcasters
Websiteekstraklasa.org
Current: 2023–24 Ekstraklasa

Poland Ekstraklasa (Polish pronunciation: [ˌɛkstraˈklasa]), meaning "Extra Class" in Polish, named PKO Bank Polski Ekstraklasa since the 2019–20 season due to its sponsorship by PKO Bank Polski,[2][3] is the top Polish professional league for men's association football teams.

Contested by 18 clubs, operating a system of promotion and relegation with the I liga, seasons start in July, and end in May or June the following year. Teams play a total of 34 games each. Games are played on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and Mondays. The winner of the Ekstraklasa qualifies for the Polish SuperCup. The league is from 2005 on operated by the Ekstraklasa Spółka Akcyjna.

The Ekstraklasa (former I liga) was officially formed as Liga Polska on 4–5 December 1926 in Warsaw, since 1 March 1927 as Liga Piłki Nożnej (Polish pronunciation: [ˈlʲiɡa ˈpiwki ˈnɔʐnɛj]), but the Polish Football Association (Polish: Polski Związek Piłki Nożnej, PZPN) had been in existence since 20 December 1919, a year after the independence of Poland in 1918. The first games of the freshly created league took place on 3 April 1927, while first national non-league football championship took place in 1920.

A total of 83 teams have played in the top division of Polish football since the founding of the league, 20 of which have won the title. The current champions are Jagiellonia Białystok, who won their 1st title in 2023–24 season.

History[edit]

Naming[edit]

  • 1927–1948: Liga
  • 1949–2004: I liga
  • 2004: Idea Ekstraklasa
  • 2005–2009: Orange Ekstraklasa
  • 2011–2015: T-Mobile Ekstraklasa
  • 2016–2018: Lotto Ekstraklasa
  • 2019–: PKO Bank Polski Ekstraklasa

Creation of the Polish Football League[edit]

On 4–5 December 1926 in Warsaw, representatives from several Polish clubs met for the purpose of discussing the creation of a league. It is unknown where the idea of a Polish league originated from, however a national league was thought to be a much more practical solution than hitherto practiced two-stage system of regional matches followed by a national match.

To dismay of clubs' officials, the PZPN was not receptive to the idea of a national league and therefore sought to thwart it. However, it turned out that virtually all but one of the Polish clubs supported the idea. The decision to create it was made regardless what PZPN's representatives thought of it. In late February 1927, at the PZPN's meeting in Warsaw, its officials openly opposed the formation of a league, but the clubs, allegedly egged on by some generals from the Polish Army (which, after May Coup of 1926, played a key role in all aspects of public life), proceeded anyway. The creation of the League was announced on 1 March 1927.

Cracovia[edit]

The only opponent of the league's formation was Cracovia – a very influential and strong organization in Polish football of the 1920s. Cracovia's boycott was because its chairman, Dr. Edward Cetnarowski, at the same time held the post of the director of the PZPN. Cetnarowski was a personality known not only in Poland, but also in other countries. It was due to his efforts that in September 1923, Cracovia toured Spain, drawing 1–1 with Barcelona and losing 0–1 to Real Madrid. In October, also thanks to Cetnarowski, Sevilla travelled to Kraków, losing 2–3 to Cracovia.

Early years of the league[edit]

1927 Winning Wisła Kraków side.

Games of the first championships started on 3 April 1927. All major teams (except for Cracovia) took part in it. This is the list of the teams (in the order they finished in November 1927):

In this first season of the league, fight for championship was decided between two powerful teams – Wisła Kraków and 1.FC Katowice. This rivalry was treated very seriously, not only by the two sides involved, but also by the whole nation. 1.FC was regarded as the team supported by German minority, while Wisła, at the end of this historic season, represented ambitions of all Poles.

Some time in the fall of 1927 in Katowice, an ill-fated game between 1.FC and Wisła took place. Stakes were very high – the winner would become the champion. Kraków's side won 2–0 and became the champion. 1.FC finished second, third was Warta Poznań.

1920's[edit]

In 1928, Cracovia finally decided to enter the league, which was gladly accepted by all fans of football. However, championships were once again won by Wisła, with such excellent players as Henryk Reyman, Mieczysław Balcer and Jan Kotlarczyk. Warta Poznań was second and Legia Warsaw third. This was also the last year of 1.FC's glory. The team finished fifth, to be relegated forever at the end of 1929 season.

In 1929, another team (after Cracovia, Pogon Lwów and Wisła) was added to the list of champions of Poland. This time it was Warta Poznań, which finished one point ahead of Garbarnia Kraków.

However, after the last game, on 1 December 1929, it was Garbarnia Kraków that was celebrating the championship. Two weeks later, in mid-December, PZPN's officials changed the result of the Warta – Klub Turystow Łódź game. Originally, Warta lost 1–2, but due to walkover (it was decided that one of Łódź's players did not have all necessary documents), this was changed to 3–0 in favor of Poznań's side. As a result of the decision, Warta (with 33 points) became the champion, Garbarnia finished second with 32 points and Klub Turystow was relegated.

In 1930, Cracovia regained the championship, (to repeat this success in 1932) and a year later another Kraków's side, Garbarnia, won the league. It is clear that the 1927–1932 period was marked by dominance of teams from Kraków. During this time, only once (Warta Poznań, 1929) the championship was won by a side from a different city. The 1931 champion, Garbarnia, was unique as this was the first time that the league had been won by a side whose all players had been bought from other teams.

1930's[edit]

As has been said, the early 1930s marked a decline of the dominance of Kraków and Lwów as centers of Polish football. The point of gravity slowly moved towards west – to Polish part of Upper Silesia, which had belonged to Poland since 1921 (see: Silesian Uprisings). In 1932 the champion was Cracovia, but starting in 1933, Ruch Chorzów (then: Ruch Wielkie Hajduki) completely dominated the league, being the champion for four times in a row.

Ruch, with such excellent players as Teodor Peterek, Ernest Wilimowski and Gerard Wodarz was by far the best team in those years. For example, in 1934 it finished seven points ahead of second Cracovia. Other important teams of these years were: Cracovia, Wisła Kraków, Pogoń Lwów and Warta Poznań.

In 1933 and 1934 there were 12 teams in the League. In 1935 this number was cut to 11 and in 1936 – to 10. Football officials did it on purpose – with fewer teams, the competition was supposed to be harder, which would attract fans to the stadiums. However, supporters' turnout was not impressive, with Ruch Chorzów as the most popular team, both at home and away.

In late 1935 (the league held its games in the spring-summer-fall system) fans were shocked to find that Cracovia, the legend of this sport, was relegated to the A-class. Kraków's side absence lasted for a year – it returned in 1937, to become the champion.

Ruch Chorzów was still the dominant team, winning the Championships in 1936 and 1938. In 1937 Ruch's streak of four consecutive champions was broken by Cracovia, and in 1939 the championships were not finished. By 31 August 1939, after some 12 games, Ruch was the leader of the 10-team League. Last games of this summer occurred on 20 August. Then, a break was planned, because the National Team was going to play a few international friendlies. Games were to be re-introduced on 10 September.

This is the list of the ten teams that participated in last, historic games for championships of interwar Poland. Teams are presented according to their position on the table, as of 31 August 1939:

  1. Ruch Chorzów
  2. Wisła Kraków
  3. Pogoń Lwów
  4. AKS Chorzów
  5. Warta Poznań
  6. Cracovia
  7. Polonia Warsaw
  8. Garbarnia Kraków
  9. Warszawianka Warsaw
  10. Union Touring Łódź

After World War II[edit]

As a result of the Second World War, the borders of Poland changed significantly. Lwów, one of the centers of Polish football (with such teams as Pogoń Lwów, Czarni Lwów and Lechia Lwów) was annexed by Soviet Union and all these teams ceased to exist. Lwów's football officials and players moved westwards, creating such clubs as Polonia Bytom, Odra Opole and Pogoń Szczecin (see: Recovered Territories). Another important center, Wilno (with the team Śmigły Wilno), was also annexed by the Soviets (see: Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union). In exchange, Poland gained a large swath of formerly German territory in particular in Silesia, with its capital Wrocław (home of double champion Śląsk Wrocław) and towns such as Zabrze (home of 14-times champion Górnik Zabrze), Bytom (home of champions Polonia Bytom and Szombierki Bytom) and Lubin (home of double champion Zagłębie Lubin). 18 teams played in the league between seasons of 1992 and 1998.

1950's[edit]

The Ekstraklasa underwent significant changes during the 1950s, reflecting the turbulent political and social landscape of post-World War II Poland. The Ekstraklasa was officially established as the top division of Polish football. It replaced the previous Polish Football Championship, which had been in existence since the 1920s. The inaugural season of the Ekstraklasa featured eight teams from various Polish cities, including Warsaw, Krakow, Gdynia, and others. Ruch Chorzów became the first champions of the newly formed league, winning the title in the 1950 season. Throughout these years, the league format remained relatively stable, with the same number of teams participating each season. Legia Warsaw asserted its dominance during this period, winning three consecutive Ekstraklasa titles in 1951, 1952, and 1953. The Ekstraklasa expanded its format, increasing the number of teams from eight to ten for the 1954 season. Gwardia Warsaw won their first and only Ekstraklasa title during this season. The league continued with ten teams participating in the competition over the next three seasons. Górnik Zabrze emerged as the dominant force, securing three consecutive league titles in 1955, 1956, and 1957. The Ekstraklasa expanded once more, growing to include 12 teams for the 1958 season. Legia Warsaw regained its position at the top, clinching the league title in this year. The league contracted back to ten teams for the 1959 season. Górnik Zabrze returned to their winning ways, capturing the league title for the fourth time in the decade. Overall, the 1950s marked a period of consolidation and growth for the Ekstraklasa. Despite being a relatively young league, it experienced a stable format and saw some clubs begin to assert their dominance. This era laid the groundwork for further developments and successes in the coming decades.

1960's[edit]

The Ekstraklasa continued with ten teams participating in the competition, maintaining the same format as the previous season.Górnik Zabrze extended their dominance, securing their fifth league title in a decade. The league expanded its format once again, this time to 12 teams for the 1961 season. Legia Warsaw reclaimed the top spot, winning the league title. Over these two seasons, the league maintained the same 12-team format. Górnik Zabrze returned to their winning ways, clinching two more league titles in 1962 and 1963. The Ekstraklasa reduced the number of teams from 12 to 10 for the 1964 season. Górnik Zabrze continued their exceptional run, securing the league title yet again. The league featured ten teams throughout these seasons. Polonia Bytom enjoyed a successful period, winning back-to-back league titles in 1965 and 1966. The Ekstraklasa expanded to include 14 teams for both the 1967 and 1968 seasons. Legia Warsaw reestablished their dominance, clinching two league titles in consecutive years.The league contracted back to 12 teams for the 1969 season. Ruch Chorzów returned to their winning form, capturing the league title. Overall, the 1960s saw the Ekstraklasa continue to evolve and grow, with various changes to the number of participating teams. Górnik Zabrze and Legia Warsaw remained dominant forces, but other clubs like Polonia Bytom and Ruch Chorzów also had their moments of success. The decade was marked by competitive football and showcased the emergence of new talents in the Polish football landscape.

1970's[edit]

The 1970s were a significant period in the history of the Ekstraklasa. During this decade, Polish football experienced both domestic and international success, with several teams and players leaving their mark on the league. In the early 1970s, Ruch Chorzów and Górnik Zabrze were dominant forces in the Ekstraklasa. Ruch Chorzów secured back-to-back championships in the 1973-74 and 1974-75 seasons. Górnik Zabrze, on the other hand, had already established themselves as a powerhouse, having won numerous league titles in the 1960s, and continued to be competitive throughout the 1970s. The mid-1970s saw the emergence of another strong contender, Widzew Łódź. They clinched their first Ekstraklasa title in the 1975-76 season, breaking the monopoly of Ruch Chorzów and Górnik Zabrze. Widzew Łódź's success signaled a shift in the balance of power within the league. Meanwhile, Legia Warsaw, one of Poland's most successful clubs, experienced a resurgence in the late 1970s. They secured Ekstraklasa titles in the 1976-77 and 1978-79 seasons, adding to their already impressive trophy cabinet. Legia Warsaw also made notable achievements in European competitions during this period. On the international stage, Polish football gained global recognition with the national team's success in the 1974 FIFA World Cup. Several players from Ekstraklasa clubs were key contributors to the national team's historic third-place finish, further enhancing the league's reputation. In summary, the 1970s were a dynamic and competitive era in the history of the Ekstraklasa. The decade witnessed the continued success of established clubs like Górnik Zabrze and Ruch Chorzów, the rise of new contenders like Widzew Łódź, and the resurgence of Legia Warsaw. Additionally, the international achievements of the Polish national team added to the prestige of the Ekstraklasa during this period.

1980's[edit]

The 1980s were a tumultuous and challenging period for the Ekstraklasa. The decade was marked by political unrest, economic difficulties, and a decline in the overall performance of Polish football on both domestic and international fronts. One of the defining moments of the 1980s was the imposition of martial law in Poland in 1981. This had a profound impact on the country's football landscape, disrupting the regular functioning of the Ekstraklasa and leading to the suspension of the league for a brief period. Amidst the political turmoil, certain football clubs managed to assert their dominance in the league. Widzew Łódź continued their success from the late 1970s into the early 1980s, clinching Ekstraklasa titles in the 1980-81 and 1981-82 seasons. Their consistency during this period showcased their resilience in challenging circumstances. Górnik Zabrze and Legia Warsaw remained competitive but faced increased challenges, both domestically and in European competitions. The economic difficulties in Poland had an impact on the financial stability of football clubs, affecting their ability to attract and retain top talent. The latter part of the 1980s witnessed a shift in power, with Lech Poznań emerging as a dominant force in the Ekstraklasa. Lech Poznań secured consecutive league titles in the 1982-83 and 1983-84 seasons. Their success brought a new chapter to the league, with fresh faces making an impact on the domestic football scene. Despite the challenges at the club level, the Polish national team achieved a notable milestone in the 1980s. They finished in 3rd place at the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain, showcasing the resilience of Polish football despite the adverse conditions. In summary, the 1980s were a challenging period for the Ekstraklasa, marked by political and economic difficulties that impacted the overall state of Polish football. While certain clubs like Widzew Łódź and Lech Poznań enjoyed success, the era was characterized by a decline in the league's competitive stature compared to previous decades. The challenges faced by clubs in the 1980s set the stage for efforts to revitalize and modernize Polish football in the subsequent years.

1990's[edit]

The 1990s marked a period of transition and transformation for the Ekstraklasa. The decade witnessed the country's transition to a market economy, which had a profound impact on football, leading to both challenges and opportunities for the league. Lech Poznań continued their success from the late 1980s into the early 1990s, winning the Ekstraklasa title in the 1991-92 season. The club's achievements reflected a certain stability in performance, even as other clubs adapted to the changing economic and football landscape. Widzew Łódź and Legia Warsaw remained competitive during the early 1990s, with Legia achieving success in both domestic and international competitions. Legia Warsaw notably reached the quarterfinals of the UEFA Cup during the 1990-91 season, showcasing the club's resilience on the European stage. The latter part of the decade saw a shift in the balance of power within the Ekstraklasa. Clubs like GKS Katowice, Widzew Łódź, and Wisła Kraków emerged as strong contenders for the league title. Wisła Kraków, in particular, had a successful run in the late 1990s, securing back-to-back Ekstraklasa championships in the 1998-99 and 1999-2000 seasons. The 1990s also saw the emergence of talented players who would go on to make significant contributions to both the Ekstraklasa and the national team. Despite the challenges posed by economic factors and changes in the football landscape, Polish football experienced a sense of renewal and dynamism in the 1990s. The increased competitiveness within the league and the emergence of new talent laid the groundwork for a more vibrant and evolving Ekstraklasa in the years to come. In summary, the 1990s were a transformative period for the Ekstraklasa, characterized by a changing economic landscape, the emergence of new contenders, and the continued success of established clubs. The decade set the stage for further developments in Polish football, with increased competition and a focus on nurturing young talent.

2000's[edit]

The 2000s represented a period of continued evolution and competitiveness for the Ekstraklasa. This decade featured a mix of established clubs maintaining their dominance, the emergence of new contenders, and increased efforts to modernize and elevate the overall standard of Polish football. Wisła Kraków continued their success from the late 1990s into the early 2000s, securing multiple Ekstraklasa titles during this period. The club's triumphs in the league, along with their participation in European competitions, contributed to their status as a major force in Polish football. Legia Warsaw also experienced a resurgence, winning the Ekstraklasa title in the 2001-02 and 2005-06 seasons. Their achievements not only showcased their domestic prowess but also marked a return to competitiveness on the European stage. The 2000s witnessed the rise of several other clubs, including Lech Poznań, who secured the Ekstraklasa title in the 2009-10 season. Lech Poznań's success reflected a broader trend of increased parity and competition within the league. Efforts to modernize and professionalize Polish football gained momentum during this decade. The league underwent structural changes, and there were initiatives to improve training facilities, youth development programs, and overall infrastructure. These efforts aimed to enhance the quality of the Ekstraklasa and raise the level of competitiveness. The 2000s also saw the emergence of notable players who left a lasting impact on the league and, in some cases, went on to have successful careers in international football. While the 2000s brought positive developments for Polish football, there were also challenges, including financial struggles for some clubs and occasional incidents of fan violence. These issues highlighted the need for continued efforts to address the various aspects of the football ecosystem. In summary, the 2000s were a period of transition and growth for the Ekstraklasa, marked by the continued success of established clubs, the emergence of new contenders, and efforts to modernize and professionalize Polish football. The decade set the stage for further advancements in the subsequent years, as the league continued to adapt to changing dynamics within the football landscape.

2010's[edit]

The 2010s brought further changes and developments to the Ekstraklasa. This decade witnessed a continuation of the league's efforts to modernize, increase competitiveness, and enhance the overall quality of Polish football. Legia Warsaw emerged as a dominant force, securing multiple Ekstraklasa titles throughout the decade. Legia not only dominated domestically but also made notable appearances in European competitions, reaching the UEFA Europa League group stages and the UEFA Champions League play-offs.Lech Poznań continued to be a strong contender, winning the Ekstraklasa title in the 2009-10 season and consistently finishing among the top teams in subsequent years. The competition for the championship became more intense, with several clubs vying for the top spot, including Wisła Kraków, Śląsk Wrocław, and Jagiellonia Białystok.The 2010s were marked by a growing emphasis on youth development and the nurturing of homegrown talent within the league. Clubs invested in their academies, and the emergence of young, talented players became a noticeable trend. This focus on youth development aimed to strengthen the national team and contribute to the long-term success of Polish football. Financial stability remained a challenge for some clubs, leading to occasional struggles and changes in ownership. However, the league continued to attract international attention, and the quality of play improved, making the Ekstraklasa a more competitive and entertaining competition. The implementation of the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) system in the later years of the decade aimed to enhance the fairness and accuracy of officiating in the league. This technological advancement reflected the broader trend of incorporating modern tools and practices to improve the overall football experience. On the international stage, Polish football continued to produce talented players who made their mark in European leagues. The national team also achieved notable success, making it to the quarterfinals at UEFA Euro 2016. In summary, the 2010s were a period of continued growth and development for the Ekstraklasa, marked by the dominance of clubs like Legia Warsaw, increased competition, a focus on youth development, and efforts to modernize various aspects of the league. The decade laid the groundwork for further advancements in Polish football as it moved into the 2020s.

Clubs[edit]

There are 18 clubs in the Ekstraklasa. During the course of the season each club plays the others twice, once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 34 games. From the 2013–14 till the 2019–20 season, after the 30th round the table was divided into 'champion' (top eight teams) and 'relegation' (bottom eight teams) groups. Each team played seven more games (teams ranked 1–4 and 9–12 would host four games at home). The 2016–17 season was the last when teams started an extra round with half the points (rounded up) achieved during the first phase of 30 matches. The changes extended the season to a total of 296 matches played.[4] The 2021–22 season started with 18 teams, instead of 16.

Clubs as of the 2023–24 season.

TeamLocationVenueCapacity
CracoviaKrakówStadion Cracovii im. Józefa Piłsudskiego15,016
Górnik ZabrzeZabrzeStadion im. Ernesta Pohla24,5631
Jagiellonia BiałystokBiałystokStadion Miejski22,372
Korona KielceKielceSuzuki Arena15,550
Lech PoznańPoznańEnea Stadion42,837
Legia WarsawWarsawStadion Wojska Polskiego31,103
ŁKS ŁódźŁódźStadion Miejski im. Władysława Króla18,029
Piast GliwiceGliwiceStadion Miejski im. Piotra Wieczorka9,913
Pogoń SzczecinSzczecinStadion Miejski im. Floriana Krygiera21,163
Puszcza NiepołomiceNiepołomiceStadion Cracovii im. Józefa Piłsudskiego215,016
Radomiak RadomRadomStadion im. Braci Czachorów8,840
Raków CzęstochowaCzęstochowaMiejski Stadion Piłkarski "Raków"5,500
Ruch ChorzówChorzówStadion Miejski im. Piotra Wieczorka
Stadion Śląski3
9,913
54,378
Stal MielecMielecStadion Miejski6,864
Śląsk WrocławWrocławTarczyński Arena42,771
Warta PoznańPoznańStadion Respect Energy45,383
Widzew ŁódźŁódźStadion Widzewa18,018
Zagłębie LubinLubinKGHM Zagłebie Arena16,086
  1. ^ Upgrading to 31,871.
  2. ^ Due to the fact that Stadion Puszczy doesn't meet the Ekstraklasa standards, Puszcza Niepołomice will be playing its home matches in Stadion im. Henryka Reymana in Kraków.[5] However after protests of Wisła Kraków's supporters, Puszcza was forced to find a home ground somewhere else. Ultimately on 20 June 2023 it was decided that they will play its first matches in Stadion im. Marszałka Józefa Piłsudskiego (Cracovia's home ground), with the possibility to return to Niepołomice after its stadium's Ekstraklasa accommodation.[6]
  3. ^ Due to the fact that Stadion Ruchu Chorzów doesn't meet the Ekstraklasa standards, Ruch Chorzów will play their first matches in Stadion Miejski im. Piotra Wieczorka in Gliwice.[7] They also registered Stadion Śląski as their home venue[8] and since 28 October 2023 (round 13), Ruch moved there for the match against Śląsk Wrocław.[9][10]
  4. ^ Due to the renovation of Dębińska Road Stadium in Poznań, Warta will play home matches at the Stadion Dyskobolii Grodzisk Wielkopolski in Grodzisk Wielkopolski.[11]

List of champions[edit]

°Abandoned due to the preparations of the Poland national team to participate in the 1924 Olympic Football Tournament.
°°Abandoned due to the outbreak of World War II. On 31 August 1939 Ruch Chorzów was the leader.
°°°In 1951, the Polish Football Association decided to give the Champion of Poland title to the winner of the Polish Cup, in order to increase the importance of the re-activated cup competition. Ruch Chorzów was 6th in the league, but won the cup, beating 2-0 Wisła Kraków in the final game. Wisła Kraków was announced the league champion.[12]

Performance by club[edit]

Note: This list is not synonymous with a list of Polish football champions.
Bold indicates clubs playing in the top division in the 2024–25 season.

TitlesTeamYear(s)
15
Legia Warsaw1955, 1956, 1969, 1970, 1994, 1995, 2002, 2006, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2021
14
Górnik Zabrze1957, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1971, 1972, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988
Wisła Kraków1927, 1928, 1949, 1950, 1951,[13] 1978, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2011
13Ruch Chorzów1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1938, 1952, 1953, 1960, 1968, 1974, 1975, 1979, 1989
8Lech Poznań1983, 1984, 1990, 1992, 1993, 2010, 2015, 2022
5Cracovia1921, 1930, 1932, 1937, 1948
4Pogoń Lwów1922, 1923, 1925, 1926
Widzew Łódź1981, 1982, 1996, 1997
2ŁKS Łódź1958, 1998
Polonia Bytom1954, 1962
Polonia Warsaw1946, 2000
Stal Mielec1973, 1976
Śląsk Wrocław1977, 2012
Warta Poznań1929, 1947
Zagłębie Lubin1991, 2007
1Garbarnia Kraków1931
Jagiellonia Białystok2024
Piast Gliwice2019
Raków Częstochowa2023
Szombierki Bytom1980

The following table lists the league champions by the Polish voivodeship regions (current, valid since 1999).

RegionTitlesWinning clubs
Silesia
32
Górnik Zabrze (14), Ruch Chorzów (13), Polonia Bytom (2), Szombierki Bytom (1), Piast Gliwice (1), Raków Częstochowa (1)
Lesser Poland
20
Wisła Kraków (14), Cracovia (5), Garbarnia Kraków (1)
Masovia
17
Legia Warsaw (15), Polonia Warsaw (2)
Greater Poland
10
Lech Poznań (8), Warta Poznań (2)
Łódź
6
Widzew Łódź (4), ŁKS Łódź (2)
Lower Silesia
4
Zagłębie Lubin (2), Śląsk Wrocław (2)
Subcarpathian
2
Stal Mielec (2)
Podlaskie
1
Jagiellonia Białystok (1)

The following table lists the league champions by city.

CityTitlesWinning clubs
Kraków
20
Wisła Kraków (14), Cracovia (5), Garbarnia Kraków (1)
Warsaw
17
Legia Warsaw (15), Polonia Warsaw (2)
Zabrze
14
Górnik Zabrze (14)
Chorzów
13
Ruch Chorzów (13)
Poznań
10
Lech Poznań (8), Warta Poznań (2)
Łódź
6
Widzew Łódź (4), ŁKS Łódź (2)
Bytom
3
Polonia Bytom (2), Szombierki Bytom (1)
Lubin
2
Zagłębie Lubin (2)
Mielec
2
Stal Mielec (2)
Wrocław
2
Śląsk Wrocław (2)
Białystok
1
Jagiellonia Białystok (1)
Częstochowa
1
Raków Częstochowa (1)
Gliwice
1
Piast Gliwice (1)

Honored teams[edit]

After winning a Polish championship titles, a representative star is placed above the team's badge to indicate achieving the feat.

The current (as of May 2024) officially sanctioned championship stars are:

All-time league table[edit]

The all-time league table consists of all the teams that once participated in the Ekstraklasa. Data from the 19272022–23 seasons.

Source: Tabela wszech czasów 90minut.pl

Pos.ClubSeasonsCurrent LevelMatches PlayedPointsTotal WinsWins for 3 PointsDrawsLossesLosses for −1 PointsGoals scoredGoals concededGoal difference
1Legia Warsaw861st240034821186516591623339992523+1476
2Wisła Kraków822nd22312927984404559688635852685+900
3Górnik Zabrze651st19142453809272545560128532165+688
4Ruch Chorzów772nd20672428841192555671631072658+449
5Lech Poznań621st18182366743376500575825412087+454
6ŁKS Łódź652nd1756178560498480672622632429-166
7Pogoń Szczecin501st15151677509229430576718092025-216
8Śląsk Wrocław441st13711591485210407479516191670-51
9Widzew Łódź361st11091403 436190344329614391291+148
10Zagłębie Lubin341st10911401400297306385113711323+48
11Cracovia441st1163133142720427845816321630+2
12GKS Katowice301st894103032110428628721023977+46
13Lechia Gdańsk311st879100729318623635019891152-163
14Polonia Warsaw312nd80096630418017831811651251-86
15Zagłębie Sosnowiec362nd98791832211267398411801330-150
16Polonia Bytom353rd89288128933274328410991141-42
17Stal Mielec281st835835273342583046940983-43
18Jagiellonia Białystok201st6618222282031802537793922-129
19Korona Kielce151st503658172172142189596679-83
20Szombierki Bytom255th7026452351802875875999-124
21Piast Gliwice131st447632173173113161548541+7
22Wisła Płock162nd516620168160124224613759-146
23Warta Poznań212nd5085532133691204946838+108
24Gwardia Warszawa23not existing572539195149228682764-82
25Odra Wodzisław Śląski145th41852914514594179487570-83
26Odra Opole222nd564523182159223645740-95
27Arka Gdynia162nd50851014475147217522667-45
28Amica Wronki11not existing33249813513593104452370+82
29GKS Bełchatów124th37548613013096149422463-41
30Dyskobolia Grodzisk Wielkopolski10not existing29444112412469101420357+63
31Raków Częstochowa81st2713921121036594340321+19
32Zawisza Bydgoszcz144th4303761262698206461651-190
32Garbarnia Kraków154th31530612164130561561
34Pogoń Lwów13abroad2733041304499537439+98
35Stomil Olsztyn83rd254296766975103255339-84
36Górnik Łęczna82nd257276707066121260391-131
37Olimpia Poznań
Lechia/Olimpia Gdańsk
9not existing28426078119810410308376-68
38Stal Rzeszów112nd2902557997114297377-80
39Hutnik Kraków73rd23425475238178299284+15
40KS Warszawianka13not existing2712279047134427612-185
41Podbeskidzie Bielsko-Biała62nd20122254546087225310-85
40Motor Lublin91st274220709211212259372-113
42AKS Chorzów10not existing192196803676336307+29
43Bałtyk Gdynia75th21018664161854184247-56
44ROW Rybnik74th198165506583165233-78
45Bruk-Bet Termalica Nieciecza42nd14515639393967149227-78
46Rymer Niedobczyce
Górnik Radlin
97th
6th
188155583991238344-106
47Górnik Wałbrzych65th18015453255737190243-53
48Zagłębie Wałbrzych67th160142504268131166-35
49Czarni Lwów7not existing164141562979265326-61
50Sokół Pniewy
Sokół Tychy
46th13613036164258128190-62
51Polonia Bydgoszcz76th156129473574186296-110
52Radomiak Radom31st9811731233235105113-8
53Ruch Radzionków35th9010930301941105135-30
54Stal Stalowa Wola43rd1321033214456113173-60
551. FC Katowice38th7888391029164143+21
56GKS Tychy32nd9086283032105113-8
57Klub Turystów Łódź
Union Touring Łódź
4not existing9076321246149212-63
58KSZO Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski34th92711818175773147-74
59Siarka Tarnobrzeg34th10265193245988169-81
60Arkonia Szczecin46th8864202444100166-66
61Miedź Legnica22nd71631414213673120-47
62Śląsk Świętochłowice35th66451974084166-82
63Unia Racibórz25th523814102877126-49
64Hasmonea Lwów2not existing543814103098149-51
65Wawel Kraków28th3237131185036+14
66Igloopol Dębica25th64379193643121-78
67Strzelec 22 Siedlce3not existing64361484284169-85
68Sandecja Nowy Sącz13rd37336615163454-20
69Szczakowianka Jaworzno15th3032888144054-14
70RKS Radomsko15th28317710112334-11
71TKS Toruń2not existing54301343784185-101
72Podgórze Kraków27th42271152656103-47
74Górnik Polkowice13rd2623665151737-20
75Tarnovia Tarnów16th2622102144248-6
76Świt Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki14th2622557142142-21
77GKS Jastrzębie13rd3019881452443+19
78Dąb Katowice2not existing36147292997-68
79ŁTS-G Łódź1not existing221236132567-42
80Śmigły Wilno1not existing181151122950-21
81Jutrzenka Kraków1not existing261135184182-41
82Lechia Lwów1not existing221151162366-43
83Puszcza Niepołomice11st00000

From 1927 to 2024 a total of 83 teams contested in the Ekstraklasa.

Bold- indicates teams currently playing in the Ekstraklasa 2024–25 season.

Explanation[edit]

1. An equal number of points on the basis of their goal difference, then greater number of goals scored.
2. In seasons 19271994–95 for a win awarded 2 points and 1 point for a draw. In seasons 1986–871989–90 for win at least three goals difference additionally awarded 1 point, while a losses at least 3 goals difference subtracted one point. Since the season 1995–96 for win gives 3 points and 1 point for a draw.
3. Included additional qualification games between both teams and league championship and remain in the league (including 11 games in 1948, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1988–89) and was not included in the table play-off for the right to play in the league between teams of different class divisions.
4. Included matches with unfinished 1939 season.

Penalty points[edit]

Includes penalties imposed by the Football Association:

Mergers and acquisitions teams[edit]

With the following mergers and acquisitions teams:

Top goalscorers[edit]

YearTallyPlayerClub
192737 goalsPoland Henryk ReymanWisła Kraków
192828 goalsPoland Ludwik GintelCracovia
192925 goalsPoland Rochus NastulaCzarni Lwów
193024 goalsPoland Karol KossokCracovia
193124 goalsPoland Walerian KisielińskiWisła Kraków
193216 goalsPoland Kajetan KryszkiewiczWarta Poznań
193319 goalsPoland Artur WoźniakWisła Kraków
193433 goalsPoland Ernst WilimowskiRuch Hajduki Wielkie
193522 goalsPoland Michał MatyasPogoń Lwów
193618 goalsPoland Teodor Peterek
Poland Ernst Wilimowski
Ruch Hajduki Wielkie
Ruch Hajduki Wielkie
193712 goalsPoland Artur WoźniakWisła Kraków
193821 goalsPoland Teodor PeterekRuch Hajduki Wielkie
193912 goalsPoland Ernst WilimowskiRuch Hajduki Wielkie
194831 goalsPoland Józef KohutWisła Kraków
194920 goalsPoland Teodor AniołaLech Poznań
195021 goalsPoland Teodor AniołaLech Poznań
195120 goalsPoland Teodor AniołaLech Poznań
195211 goalsPoland Gerard CieślikRuch Chorzów
195324 goalsPoland Gerard CieślikRuch Chorzów
195413 goalsPoland Henryk Kempny
Poland Ernst Pohl
Polonia Bytom
Legia Warsaw
195516 goalsPoland Stanisław HachorekGwardia Warsaw
195621 goalsPoland Henryk KempnyLegia Warsaw
195719 goalsPoland Lucjan BrychczyLegia Warsaw
195819 goalsPoland Władysław SoporekŁKS Łódź
195921 goalsPoland Jan Liberda
Poland Ernst Pohl
Polonia Bytom
Górnik Zabrze
196017 goalsPoland Marian NorkowskiPolonia Bydgoszcz
196124 goalsPoland Ernst PohlGórnik Zabrze
196216 goalsPoland Jan LiberdaPolonia Bytom
196318 goalsPoland Marian KielecPogoń Szczecin
196418 goalsPoland Lucjan Brychczy
Poland Józef Gałeczka
Poland Jerzy Wilim
Legia Warsaw
Zagłębie Sosnowiec
Szombierki Bytom
196518 goalsPoland Lucjan BrychczyLegia Warsaw
196623 goalsPoland Włodzimierz LubańskiGórnik Zabrze
196718 goalsPoland Włodzimierz LubańskiGórnik Zabrze
196824 goalsPoland Włodzimierz LubańskiGórnik Zabrze
196922 goalsPoland Włodzimierz LubańskiGórnik Zabrze
197018 goalsPoland Andrzej JarosikZagłębie Sosnowiec
197113 goalsPoland Andrzej JarosikZagłębie Sosnowiec
197216 goalsPoland Ryszard SzymczakGwardia Warsaw
197313 goalsPoland Grzegorz LatoStal Mielec
197415 goalsPoland Zdzisław KapkaWisła Kraków
197519 goalsPoland Grzegorz LatoStal Mielec
197620 goalsPoland Kazimierz KmiecikWisła Kraków
197717 goalsPoland Włodzimierz MazurZagłębie Sosnowiec
197815 goalsPoland Kazimierz KmiecikWisła Kraków
197917 goalsPoland Kazimierz KmiecikWisła Kraków
198024 goalsPoland Kazimierz KmiecikWisła Kraków
198118 goalsPoland Krzysztof AdamczykLegia Warsaw
198215 goalsPoland Grzegorz KapicaSzombierki Bytom
198315 goalsPoland Mirosław Okoński
Poland Mirosław Tłokiński
Lech Poznań
Widzew Łódź
198414 goalsPoland Włodzimierz CiołekGórnik Wałbrzych
198514 goalsPoland Leszek IwanickiMotor Lublin
198620 goalsPoland Andrzej ZgutczyńskiGórnik Zabrze
198724 goalsPoland Marek LeśniakPogoń Szczecin
198820 goalsPoland Dariusz DziekanowskiLegia Warsaw
198924 goalsPoland Krzysztof WarzychaRuch Chorzów
199018 goalsPoland Andrzej JuskowiakLech Poznań
199121 goalsPoland Tomasz DziubińskiWisła Kraków
199220 goalsPoland Jerzy Podbrożny
Poland Mirosław Waligóra
Lech Poznań
Hutnik Kraków
199325 goalsPoland Jerzy PodbrożnyLech Poznań
199421 goalsPoland Zenon BurzawaSokół Pniewy
199516 goalsPoland Bogusław CyganStal Mielec
199629 goalsPoland Marek KoniarekWidzew Łódź
199718 goalsPoland Mirosław TrzeciakŁKS Łódź
199814 goalsPoland Arkadiusz Bąk
Poland Sylwester Czereszewski
Poland Mariusz Śrutwa
Polonia Warsaw
Legia Warsaw
Ruch Chorzów
199921 goalsPoland Tomasz FrankowskiWisła Kraków
200019 goalsPoland Adam KompałaGórnik Zabrze
200118 goalsPoland Tomasz FrankowskiWisła Kraków
200221 goalsPoland Maciej ŻurawskiWisła Kraków
200324 goalsSerbia and Montenegro Stanko SvitlicaLegia Warsaw
200420 goalsPoland Maciej ŻurawskiWisła Kraków
200525 goalsPoland Tomasz FrankowskiWisła Kraków
200621 goalsPoland Grzegorz PiechnaKorona Kielce
200715 goalsPoland Piotr ReissLech Poznań
200823 goalsPoland Paweł BrożekWisła Kraków
200919 goalsPoland Paweł Brożek
Zimbabwe Takesure Chinyama
Wisła Kraków
Legia Warsaw
201018 goalsPoland Robert LewandowskiLech Poznań
201114 goalsPoland Tomasz FrankowskiJagiellonia Białystok
201222 goalsLatvia Russia Artjoms RudņevsLech Poznań
201314 goalsSlovakia Róbert DemjanPodbeskidzie Bielsko-Biała
201422 goalsPoland Marcin RobakPiast Gliwice
Pogoń Szczecin
201520 goalsPoland Kamil WilczekPiast Gliwice
201628 goalsHungary Serbia Nemanja NikolićLegia Warsaw
201718 goalsPortugal Marco Paixão
Poland Marcin Robak
Lechia Gdańsk
Lech Poznań
201824 goalsSpain CarlitosWisła Kraków
201924 goalsSpain Igor AnguloGórnik Zabrze
202024 goalsDenmark Christian GytkjærLech Poznań
202122 goalsCzech Republic Tomáš PekhartLegia Warsaw
202220 goalsSpain Ivi LópezRaków Częstochowa
202316 goalsSpain Marc GualJagiellonia Białystok
202419 goalsSpain Erik ExpósitoŚląsk Wrocław

Records[edit]

All-time most appearances[edit]

RankPlayerAppsYearsClub(s)
1Łukasz Surma5591996–2007, 2009–2017Wisła Kraków 50, Ruch Chorzów 261, Legia Warsaw 123, Lechia Gdańsk 125
2Marcin Malinowski4581997–2015Odra Wodzisław 303, Ruch Chorzów 155
3Marek Chojnacki4521978–1988, 1990–1996ŁKS Łódź
4Arkadiusz Głowacki4351997–2010, 2012–2018Lech Poznań 75, Wisła Kraków 360
5Łukasz Trałka4312004–2022Pogoń Szczecin 38, ŁKS Łódź 8, Lechia Gdańsk 16, Polonia Warsaw 92, Lech Poznań 217, Warta Poznań 60
6Dariusz Gęsior4271988–2006Ruch Chorzów 178, Widzew Łódź 103, Pogoń Szczecin 33, Amica Wronki 37, Wisła Płock 63, Dyskobolia Grodzisk 13
7Łukasz Madej4171999–2017ŁKS Łódź 75, Ruch Chorzów 26, Lech Poznań 63, Górnik Łęczna 17, Śląsk Wrocław 111, GKS Bełchatów 24, Górnik Zabrze 101
8Janusz Jojko4161980–1998, 2003Ruch Chorzów 116, GKS Katowice 276, KSZO Ostrowiec Św. 24
Marek Zieńczuk2000–2016Amica Wronki 122, Wisła Kraków 132, Lechia Gdańsk 3, Ruch Chorzów 159
10Zygfryd Szołtysik3951962–1974, 1976–1978Górnik Zabrze
As of 15 August 2023. Source: Klub 300
(Bold denotes players still playing in the Ekstraklasa)

All-time top goalscorers[edit]

RankPlayerGoalsYearsClub(s)
1Ernest Pohl1861954–1967CWKS Warsaw 43, Górnik Zabrze 143
2Lucjan Brychczy1821954–1971Legia Warsaw
3Gerard Cieślik1681948–1959Ruch Chorzów
4Tomasz Frankowski1671992–2013Jagiellonia Białystok 52, Wisła Kraków 115
5Teodor Peterek1571928–1948Ruch Chorzów
6Włodzimierz Lubański1551963–1975Górnik Zabrze
7Kazimierz Kmiecik1531968–1982Wisła Kraków
8Paweł Brożek1492001–2020Wisła Kraków 144, GKS Katowice 5
9Jan Liberda1461953–1969Polonia Bytom
10Teodor Anioła1381948–1961Lech Poznań
As of 15 August 2023. Source: Klub 100
(Bold denotes players still playing in the Ekstraklasa)

All-time most appearances by foreign players[edit]

RankPlayerAppsYearsClub(s)
1Slovakia Dušan Kuciak3282011–Legia Warsaw 131, Lechia Gdańsk 196, Raków Częstochowa 1
2Portugal Flávio Paixão3102014–2023Śląsk Wrocław 71, Lechia Gdańsk 239
3Ukraine Poland Taras Romanczuk 3032014–Jagiellonia Białystok
4Serbia Poland Miroslav Radović2762006–2019Legia Warsaw
5Slovakia Róbert Pich2702014–2023Śląsk Wrocław 253, Legia Warsaw 17
6Slovakia Pavol Staňo2432007–2016Polonia Bytom 17, Jagiellonia Białystok 43, Korona Kielce 121, Podbeskidzie 26, Termalica Bruk-Bet 26
7Serbia Poland Aleksandar Vuković2422001–2013Legia Warsaw 166, Korona Kielce 76
8Armenia Poland Vahan Gevorgyan2361999–2009, 2013–2014Wisła Płock 162, Jagiellonia Białystok 18, ŁKS Łódź 19, Zawisza Bydgoszcz 37
Bosnia and Herzegovina Poland Vlastimir Jovanović2010–2018, 2021Korona Kielce 176, Bruk-Bet Termalica 60
10Romania Cornel Râpă2342016–2024Pogoń Szczecin 55, Cracovia 179
(Bold denotes players still playing in the Ekstraklasa, italics denotes players who later represented Poland internationally)
As of 25 May 2024. Source: link.

All-time top foreign goalscorers[edit]

RankPlayerGoalsYearsClub(s)
1Portugal Flávio Paixão1082014–2023Śląsk Wrocław 24, Lechia Gdańsk 84
2Spain Jesús Imaz812017–Wisła Kraków 14, Jagiellonia Białystok 67
3Serbia Poland Miroslav Radović662006–2019Legia Warsaw
4Spain Igor Angulo622017–2020Górnik Zabrze
5Portugal Marco Paixão612013–2018Śląsk Wrocław 27, Lechia Gdańsk 34
6Denmark Christian Gytkjær552017–2020Lech Poznań
7Finland Kasper Hämäläinen542013–2019Lech Poznań 33, Legia Warsaw 21
8Spain Erik Expósito542020–Śląsk Wrocław
9Slovakia Róbert Pich522014–2023Śląsk Wrocław
10Sweden Syria Mikael Ishak522020–Lech Poznań
(Bold denotes players still playing in the Ekstraklasa)
As of 25 May 2024. Source: link.

Transfer records[edit]

League presidents[edit]

Nr.League PresidentTerm
fromto
1.Roman Górecki1 March 1927January 1929
2.Ignacy IzdebskiJanuary 192916 January 1933
3.Zygmunt Żołędziowski16 January 193317 January 1936
4.Juliusz Geib17 January 193630 August 1936
5.Michał Jaroszyński30 August 1936Fall 1938
6.Karol Stefan RudolfFall 193817 September 1939
7.Tadeusz Dręgiewicz10 August 194618 August 1946
-League Suspended18 August 194622 February 1947
-VP PZPN for League22 February 194714 June 2005
8.Michał Tomczak14 June 200529 November 2005
9.Andrzej Rusko29 November 200514 March 2012
10.Bogusław Biszof1 September 201230 June 2015
11.Dariusz Marzec1 July 20159 October 2017
12.Marcin Animucki9 October 2017present

2003–2005 match-fixing scandal[edit]

Despite match-fixing becoming punishable by law in mid-2003, several clubs were still involved in the process in the following months. They were later penalized:

  • Arka Gdynia – a one-tier relegation, a five-point deduction at the start of the 2007–08 season.
  • Cracovia – a five-point deduction at the start of the 2020–21 season and a 1,000,000 PLN fine.[15]
  • Górnik Łęczna – a two-tier relegation, a six-point deduction at the start of the 2007–08 season.
  • Górnik Polkowice – a two-tier relegation, a six-point deduction at the start of the 2007–08 season and a 70,000 PLN fine.
  • Korona Kielce – a one-tier relegation.
  • Jagiellonia Białystok – a ten-point deduction at the start of 2009–10 season and a 300,000 PLN fine.
  • KSZO Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski – a one-tier relegation, a six-point deduction at the start of the 2007–08 season.
  • Zagłębie Lubin – a one-tier relegation.
  • Zagłębie Sosnowiec – a one-tier relegation.

Statistics[edit]

UEFA coefficients[edit]

The following data indicates Polish coefficient rankings between European football leagues.[16]

Television[edit]

All matches from the 2011–12 are telecast live nationally by Canal+ Poland. From 2019–20 Telewizja Polska has the rights to air live 1 game per week on a non-scrambled channel.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]


References[edit]

  1. ^ "History". Polish Football Association. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
  2. ^ "PKO Bank Polski partnerem tytularnym Ekstraklasy" (in Polish). ekstraklasa.org. 28 June 2019. Archived from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
  3. ^ "PKO BP sponsorem tytularnym piłkarskiej Ekstraklasy" (in Polish). tvp.info. 26 June 2019. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  4. ^ Rewolucyjne zmiany w T-Mobile Ekstraklasie. Archived 8 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine onet.pl
  5. ^ "Puszcza Niepołomice z licencją na Ekstraklasę. W przypadku awansu domowe mecze rozgrywać będzie przy Reymonta" (in Polish). TVP Sport. 15 May 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  6. ^ "Puszcza Niepołomice. Pierwsze mecze w ekstraklasie prawdopodobnie na stadionie Cracovii" (in Polish). Gazeta Krakowska. 20 June 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
  7. ^ "Fortuna 1 Liga. Ruch Chorzów w roli gospodarza będzie grał na stadionie Piasta Gliwice" (in Polish). goal.pl. 25 January 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
  8. ^ "Ruch Chorzów ma grać na Stadionie Śląskim, jeśli awansuje do Ekstraklasy" (in Polish). RMF24.pl. 14 April 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  9. ^ "PKO Ekstraklasa: od kiedy Ruch Chorzów zacznie grać na Stadionie Śląskim?" (in Polish). TVP Sport. 3 June 2023.
  10. ^ "Ekstraklasa: Ruch Chorzów od października będzie grał na Stadionie Śląskim" (in Polish). Przegląd Sportowy. 25 June 2023.
  11. ^ "Warta Poznań awansowała do ekstraklasy, ale będzie grać nadal w Grodzisku. Dlaczego?" (in Polish). gloswielkopolski.pl. 1 August 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  12. ^ "History". wisla.krakow.pl. Archived from the original on 14 September 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  13. ^ Wisła is the 1951 Ekstraklasa champion, albeit not the Polish Champion (as the following title was won by Ruch Chorzów).
    "History". wisla.krakow.pl. Archived from the original on 14 September 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  14. ^ Cracovia otrzymała pięć ujemnych punktów za korupcję! Musi też zapłacić 1 mln złotych (in Polish). Gol24.pl. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  15. ^ "Cracovia ukarana odjęciem pięciu punktów". 90minut.pl (in Polish). 27 July 2020. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  16. ^ "UEFA European Cup Coefficients Database". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 15 March 2019.
  17. ^ "UEFA Country Ranking 2021 – kassiesA – Xs4all".
  18. ^ "Club coefficients".

External links[edit]

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