2010 Украинские местные выборы
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 Результаты капитала провинции 2010 года, выборов в мэры и региональных выборов в парламент. | ||
проходили Местные выборы 2010 года 31 октября 2010 года. [ 1 ] За два года до всеобщих выборов 2012 года . Явка избирателей по всей Украине составила около 50%, что считается низкой по сравнению с предыдущими выборами. [ 2 ]
Правящая партия регионов выиграла явное большинство в большинстве регионов и крупных городов по всему Украине (за исключением запада страны), оставив Баткившхьину далеко позади. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Украинская националистическая партия Свобода добилась заметного успеха в Восточной Галисии, в то время как наша Украина , крупная сила в украинской политике в начале 21 -го века, [ 5 ] встретился с полным сбоем. [ 3 ] Результаты были оспорены оппозиционными политиками и Коммунистической партией . [ 1 ] [ 4 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ]
Переназначение даты выборов
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16 февраля 2010 года Verkhovna Rada (Парламент Украины) отменила все даты местных выборов украины на 30 мая 2010 года. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Новая дата не была назначена, но члены парламента ожидали новых местных выборов весной 2011 года. [13][14] On April 2, 2010 the Verkhovna Rada set early local elections in a number of cities, towns and villages for June 20, 2010.[15] According to opposition lawmaker Mykola Katerynchuk (Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc faction) the voting results proved that the Party of Regions intends to extend its influence over local government bodies, as the faction did not support elections in any of those regions where they already had a majority.[15]
In late April 2010, President Viktor Yanukovych expected local elections in Ukraine to take place in 2011.[16] In late May 2010, Yanukovych stated that local elections would be held the following autumn.[17] Yanukovych also called for these elections to be based on the majority representation system and stressed the need to adopt the relevant laws.[17]
On July 1, 2010, the Verkhovna Rada scheduled the election for Sunday, October 31, 2010.[18] On July 11, lawmakers approved the bill on the procedure for holding the elections.[19][20] A total of 259 out of 485 MPs registered voted to pass the bill.[20] Before voting, the Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko faction walked out of parliament in protest against consideration the bill without taking into account the faction's proposals.[21] The party is planning to challenge the law on local elections under a majority-proportional system at the Constitutional Court of Ukraine.[22] This was done by the Front of Changes party on August 5, 2010.[23] Besides Front of Changes and Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Tigipko's Strong Ukraine party also stated the law violates the Constitution.[23]
Restrictions for political parties
[edit]Parties that have been established less than a year before the election and political blocs were at first not permitted to compete in the election.[24] This meant that parties like Strong Ukraine and Front of Changes who are high in election polls[25][26] were excluded.[27] Soon Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko (which won 156 out of 450 seats in the 2007 parliamentary elections[28]) announced it would not participate in the elections but its main component, the All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland", will.[27][29]
On August 30, 2010 the Verkhovna Rada approved Party of Regions leader Oleksandr Yefremov's amendments to the law on the election extends the opportunity to participate in local elections to all parties, not only those registered more than a year before the elections.[30] Similar bills submitted by lawmakers Lev Biriuk (Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko) and Arseniy Yatsenyuk (Our Ukraine-People's Self-Defense) had failed to collect the necessary number of votes to pass.[30]
Electoral issues
[edit]Initially parties that had been established less than a year before the election and political blocs were not permitted to compete in the election;[24][27] but on August 30, 2010 this restriction was abandoned by the Verkhovna Rada.[30]
Self-nomination for the post of mayor was not allowed.[19] Half of the total number of local council deputies were to be elected from the lists of political parties in a multi-mandate constituency. The other half was elected under a majority system in single-mandate constituencies.[3][19] The elections were held with closed lists.[31] The election campaign started on September 11, 2010.[32]
Running up to the election a number of opposition parties complained about violations of election legislation by election commissions across the country.[33][34] A number of territorial election commissions contained members who although expelled by their party were appointed under the quota of the party they were expelled from.[35][36][37] Owing to the anomalies in the electoral law some parties, such as Batkivshchyna, were unable to register their candidates in several districts and provinces.[7][38][39] Batkivshchyna-leader Yulia Tymoshenko claimed that "fraudulent Batkivshchyna party organizations were registered on orders from Viktor Yanukovych".[40]
Regional exceptions
[edit]Except the election of Kyiv mayor, the Next Kyiv local election and the elections to Ternopil Regional Council elections will be conducted in all local authorities.[19]
The elections in rural councils are held under a simple plurality voting system based on single-member constituencies; the elections of mayors of cities, towns and villages are held under a plurality voting system in single-member constituencies that lie within the boundaries of the relevant city, town or village.[20]
Parties or candidates themselves can propose to run election in rural areas and for the posts of rural areas heads; only local parties can propose candidates for the post of city mayors.[32]
The Supreme Council of Crimea decided to hold the 2010 Crimean parliamentary election simultaneously with the Ukrainian local elections on August 4, 2010.[41]
Costs
[edit]Ukraine's Central Electoral Commission estimated the cost of holding local elections at 3.1 million Hryvnya in May 2010[42] and over 1 billion Hryvnya in July 2010.[43] The Ukrainian Finance Ministry and the Central Election Commission signed a joint protocol, which envisaged a provision of 1.024 billion Hryvnya of budget funds the elections on September 14, 2010.[44]
Results
[edit]
The ruling Party of Regions won clear majorities in most regions and big cities throughout Ukraine (except in the west of the country);[3] it is the biggest party in two-thirds of all cities.[4] It was followed by All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland".[3] The Ukrainian nationalistic party Svoboda achieved notable success in Eastern Galicia.[3] Batkivshchyna, the party of the previous Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko, remains the main opposition force although it was defeated in most regions (because of anomalies in the electoral law the party was unable to register their candidates in several districts[7][39]). Our Ukraine, the party of previous President Yushchenko, met with total failure.[3] Strong Ukraine gained about 6 percent of the votes nationwide.[45]
Ukraine's Central Election Commission has declined to publish nationwide results, citing, "these are local elections and traditionally we don't do that".[46]
Opposition politicians and the Communist Party[4][6] have complained of irregularities in the election.[1] According to a survey of 2,000 people conducted in October 2010 by two Ukrainian nongovernmental organizations, the Democratic Initiatives Fund and OPORA, one in five Ukrainians were willing to sell his or her vote in the upcoming local elections.[47] OPORA stated on November 1, 2010 that “there have been so many violations that we cannot say that [the election] was democratic, transparent and open.”[7] But according to Prime Minister Mykola Azarov "The elections were absolutely without the use of administrative resources, naturally. Nobody interfered with our citizens."[1] According to President Viktor Yanukovych "there were no systematic violations. This is emphasized by international observers and the police”.[7]
International reactions
[edit]The Council of Europe uncovered a number of problems in relation to a new electorate law approved just prior to the elections.[48] International observers of the CIS Interparliamentary Assembly stated the local elections in Ukraine were organised well.[48] The European Parliament repeated the criticisms of the Council of Europe and stated the election "did not set a new, positive standard".[39] According to the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Catherine Ashton "the electoral framework and the administration of the elections undermined public confidence in the electoral process and in the further consolidation of democracy in Ukraine".[49]
The Obama administration criticised the conduct of the elections, saying they "did not meet standards for openness and fairness."[7][50][51] The National Democratic Institute stated on November 2, 2010: “The environment surrounding Ukraine’s October 31 local elections has deteriorated compared to the situation during the presidential election earlier this year.”[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Yanukovych's Party Looks To Victory Amid Claims Of Election Fraud, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (November 01, 2010)
- ^ (in Ukrainian) На виборах веде перед Партія регіонів, BBC Ukrainian (November 1, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Local government elections in Ukraine: last stage in the Party of Regions’ takeover of power Archived 2011-08-13 at the Wayback Machine, Centre for Eastern Studies (October 4, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d (in Ukrainian) ПР отримала мерів майже в половині областей, BBC Ukrainian (November 8, 2010)
- ^ (in Ukrainian) Політична партія «Наша Україна», Database DATA
- ^ Jump up to: a b (in Ukrainian) У Криму комуністи і партія «Союз» вимагають перерахунку голосів Archived 2012-07-18 at archive.today, Дзеркало тижня (November 3, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Westerners, local observers rip Oct. 31 elections as undemocratic, Kyiv Post (November 5, 2010)
- ^ Postponing local elections in Ukraine without appointing new date violates constitution, Kyiv Post (February 16, 2010)
- ^ Ukrainian parliament cancels mayor's election date of May 30, Kyiv Post (February 16, 2010)
- ^ Lawmakers cancel local elections, Kyiv Post (February 16, 2010)
- ^ Postponement of local election date profitable to all political parties, says political scientist, Kyiv Post (February 17, 2010)
- ^ Stealing votes, Kyiv Post (February 18, 2010)
- ^ Yefremov: Local elections in Ukraine could take place in 2011, Kyiv Post (February 16, 2010)
- ^ BYT member Tomenko suggests scheduling local elections for March 27, 2011, Kyiv Post (February 16, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Rada schedules snap local elections for June 20, Kyiv Post (April 2, 2010)
- ^ Yanukovych: Local elections in Ukraine will take place in 2011, Kyiv Post (April 27, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Yanukovych wants local elections to be held in autumn, Kyiv Post (May 24, 2010)
- ^ Parliament sets elections to local councils for October 31, Kyiv Post (July 1, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Verkhovna Rada adopts law on local elections Archived 2010-12-17 at the Wayback Machine, Inter-Media, ForUm (July 12, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Parliament passes law on local elections, Kyiv Post (July 12, 2010)
- ^ BYT faction walks out of parliament in protest against consideration of local election bill, Kyiv Post (July 10, 2010)
- ^ BYuT: Local election law will be challenged at Constitutional Court, Kyiv Post (July 13, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Front for Change calls on Constitutional Court to strike down new election law, Kyiv Post (August 6, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b Ukraine changes election rules before key vote, Kyiv Post (July 28, 2010)
- ^ Party Of Regions, Tymoshenko bloc, Strong Ukraine, Front for Change and Communist Party would get into parliament, Kyiv Post (April 12, 2010)
- ^ Poll: Political forces of Tigipko, Yatseniuk, Communist Party in Top 5 of April rating of parties, Kyiv Post (May 12, 2010)
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Баткившина партийных глаз оползень в опросах региона Кив , Кив Пост (27 июля 2010 г.)
- ^ (на украинской) все -крайская ассоциация "Родина" , данные базы данных
- ^ Юлия Тимошенко: Бэткившчина будет участвовать в выборах под его названием, архивным 2010-07-19 на The Wayback Machine , официальном веб-сайте Юлии Тимошенко (14 июля 2010 г.)
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в Закон: все стороны, зарегистрированные в Украине, смогут участвовать в местных выборах , Kyiv Post (30 августа 2010 г.)
- ^ Парламент отклоняет законопроект о местных выборах в рамках открытых списков , Kyiv Post (1 июля 2010 г.)
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Закон о местных выборах (расширен) , Kyiv Post (31 июля 2010 г.)
- ^ ОБНОВЛЕНИЕ: День 9 трансляций в прямом эфире , Kyiv Post (12 октября 2010 г.)
- ^ Фронт для изменений членов отказали в регистрации , Kyiv Post (11 октября 2010 г.)
- ^ Центральная избирательная комиссия формируется 670 территориальных избирательных комиссий , Kyiv Post (16 сентября 2010 г.)
- ^ Открытое письмо от Юлии Тимошенко Виктору Януковичу о захвате партийных офисов Беткившхьины, архивных 2011-07-16 на машине Wayback , официальном веб-сайте Юлии Тимошенко (9 сентября 2010 г.)
- ^ Открытое письмо Юлии Тимошенко в CEC в отношении возможного мошенничества на выборах за архив 2010-09-19 на The Wayback Machine , официального веб-сайта Юлии Тимошенко (14 сентября 2010 г.)
- ^ Региональный опрос Украины укрепляет Янукович , Financial Times (31 октября 2010 г.)
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в Резолюция Европейского парламента от 25 ноября 2010 года на Украине , Европейский парламент (25 ноября 2010 г.)
- ^ В LVIV, популярный действующий действующий президент против партии, поддерживаемых регионами , Kyiv Post (29 октября 2010 г.)
- ^ Крым Украины для проведения парламентских выборов 31 октября , Itar-Tass (4 августа 2010 г.)
- ^ По оценкам избирательного комитета стоимость проведения местных выборов 1 августа в 3,1 млн. Гр , Kyiv Post (26 мая 2010 г.)
- ^ Центральная избирательная комиссия: более 1 млрд. Человек требуется для местных выборов , Kyiv Post (7 июля 2010 г.)
- ^ Украина, чтобы потратить более 1 млрд. Гр на местные выборы , Kyiv Post (14 сентября 2010 г.)
- ^ #23 Richest: Sergiy Tigipko, 50 , Kyiv Post (December 17, 2010)
- ^ Партия регионов сообщает, что местные выборы приводят к ключевым регионам , Kyiv Post (8 ноября 2010 г.)
- ^ Опрос показывает каждую пятую украинскую готовую к продаже , Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (22 октября 2010 г.)
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный ЕС не осудит местные выборы в Украине Архивировано 2017-01-07 в The Wayback Machine , Центр Разумков (3 ноября 2010 г.)
- ^ Пресс -служба ЕС HR Кэтрин Эштон: Комментарии по местным выборам в Украине , делегация Европейского Союза в Украину (25 ноября 2010 г.)
- ^ Интервью: Ведущий американский дипломат обсуждает региональные события, злоупотребления, патолики и сотрудничество , Радио Свободная Европа/Радио Свобода (5 ноября 2010 г.)
- ^ Украинный избирательный бюллетень ошибочен, говорит US , The Wall Street Journal (4 ноября 2010 г.)
Внешние ссылки
[ редактировать ]- Результаты выборов, предварительные данные, по интерактивным картам Украсской Правды (8 ноября 2010 г.) (на украинском языке)
- Местные выборы в Украине Анализ и перспективы Фонда Конрада Аденауэра Польша
