Зеленая прическа
| Зеленая прическа | |
|---|---|
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| Рядом с Астоном Upthorpe , Оксфордшир , Англия | |
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Научная классификация 
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| Домен: | Эукариота |
| Королевство: | Животное |
| Филум: | Членистоногие |
| Сорт: | Инсекта |
| Заказ: | Лепидоптера |
| Семья: | Lycaenidae |
| Род: | Callophrys |
| Разновидность: | C. Буш
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| Биномиальное название | |
| Callophrys Rubi ( Linnaeus, 1758 )
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Зеленая прическа ( Callophrys Rubi ) - маленькая бабочка в семействе Lycaenidae .
Этимология
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Название рода Callophrys - это греческое слово, означающее «красивые брови», в то время как виды латинского названия Руби происходит от Рубиса (Брамбл), одного из растений -хозяев. [ 1 ]
Подвид
[ редактировать ]- Callophrys Rub Rubi Europe, Caucasus, Copet Dag
- Callophrys Rubi Fervida Staudinger , 1901 год, иберийский полуостров, Марокко, Маленькая Азия
- Callophrys Rubi Borealis Krulikovsky , 1890 Urals
- Callophrys Rubi Sibirica Heyne , [1895] Tien-Shan , Altai , Siberia, Transbaikalia , Дальний Восток, Амур ( Внешняя Маньчрия ), Уссури и Сахалин . [ 2 ]
Описание
[ редактировать ]Callophrys Rubi имеет размах крыльев, достигающий около 26–30 миллиметров (1,0–1,2 дюйма). [ 3 ] Улицесть крыльев представляют собой однородную тусклое коричневое, с двумя бледными пятнами на передней части мужчины, состоящих из шкал ароматов. [ 1 ] Нижняя сторона - ярко -зеленая с тонкой белой линией, часто превращается в слабый ряд точек или даже отсутствует вообще. Радужный зеленый цвет нижней стороны представляет собой структурный цвет, вызванный дифракцией и интерференцией света с помощью микроскопических повторяющихся структур, образующих дифракционную решетку в шкалах крыла. [ 4 ] Гусеницы . зеленые с желтыми маркировками вдоль спины [ 1 ] Как и другие члены семьи, они довольно похожи на слизняк.
Описание в Seitz
[ редактировать ]T. rubi L. (72 e). Above black-brown with white fringes; male with a scent-patch on the forewing below the costa in the centre. Beneath green, with some white dots on the disc of the hindwing. In ab. immaculata Fuchs (72 e) these white dots are absent, while they form a complete row in ab. punctata Tutt. which is even continued on to the forewing. Numerous modifications in the degree of completeness or obsolescence of the row have received names (caecus, incompleta, bipuncata, etc.), such individual aberrations occurring all among specimens of the nymotypical race. — borealis Krul,[now C. r. borealis Krulikovsky, 1890] from Kasan, is somewhat smaller, being more yellowish green and without the white dots of the nymotypical form. — polaris Moschl [C. r. borealis Krulikovsky, 1890], from the most northern districts of the area of distribution , is a small form, with the underside duller green. — sibirica Ruhl [C. r. sibirica (Rühl, 1895)] differs in almost the same way, the underside being less bright green than in rubi rubi; Northern Asia. — fervida Stgr.[C. r. fervida Staudinger, 1901] (72 f) is a southern form, the upperside being paler brown with a golden sheen (unfortunately not distinct in our figure). — suaveola Stgr.[now species Callophrys suaveola (Staudinger, 1881)(72 f), from Central Asia, is as large as the largest European specimens, the upperside darker, the underside deeper green. From Saisan and Lepsa; as true rubi also occurs in these localities, suaveola may turn out to be the summer-brood. — There occur, moreover, a number of individual varieties; for instance, specimens with the underside brown instead of green, females with a reddish yellow discal spot on the forewing above (Blachier), etc. Egg depressed , green, reticulate. Larva dark green, with a black-edged yellow dorsal line accompanied by pale spots, and with a yellowish side-line. It feeds in June and the autumn particularly on Papilionaceae, such as Sarothamnus, Genista, Cytisus, but also on many other plants, as oak, Vaccinium, Sedum, etc. It often bores deep into the flowers of Genista. Pupa short, much rounded; resembling a small bean, immovable, but nevertheless producing a feeble noise, which Kleemann calls creaking,Schilde twittering or chirping. The butterflies occur from April into July and in warmer districts of the plains again in July and August, the two broods being almost continuous, for instance at Darmstadt. They are very plentiful in most places and always rest with closed wings on shrubs and green twigs of Genista; they are not shy, the spring-specimens being particularly fond of the flowers of Potentilla. [5]
Life cycle and behavior
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These butterflies can be found at the end of March, with flight time usually lasting until the end of June, but they are sometimes seen in July and early August.[3] They never rest with their wings open, to maintain their green camouflage.[1][6] The males exhibit territorial behavior.[1]
The eggs are laid singly.[1] The caterpillars are not known to be tended by ants, unlike some lycid larvae, but the pupae, which are formed at ground level, emit squeaks that attract ants and it is thought that ants will always bury any that are found. Green hairstreaks overwinter as pupae and are univoltine, having one generation of adult butterflies per year.
The larva is recorded as feeding on Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinum uliginosum, Betula, Rubus idaeus, Vicia cracca, Trifolium medium, Calluna vulgaris, Frangula, Rhamnus, Ribes, Spiraea, Caragana, Chamaecytisus, Hedysarum, Genista, Trifolium and Hippophae rhamnoides in different parts of its range.[2]
This polyphagous species probably has one of the largest range of food plants of any British butterfly. Early butterfly collectors thought that the only food plant was bramble (blackberry) Rubus fruticosus but as its habits became better understood the list grew and will probably continue to do so. Depending on the habitat it will use common rock rose Helianthemum nummularium, bird's-foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus, gorse Ulex europaeus, broom Cytisus scoparius, Dyer's greenweed Genista tinctoria, bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus, dogwood Cornus sanguinea, buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica, cross-leaved heath Erica tetralix and bramble.[1]
Habitat
[edit]The wide range of food plants means that this butterfly is able to use a wide range of habitats including chalk downland, heathland, moorland and clearings in woodland.[1] It is present in wetlands as well as on poor dry meadows, at an elevation of about 0–2,300 metres (0–7,546 ft).[3][6]
Distribution
[edit]Callophrys rubi is found in most of Europe,[7] North Africa, Russia, Asia Minor, Siberia, Amurland, Baluchistan and Chitral.[2] It is still widespread across most of the UK, although many colonies have been lost in recent years. In Mediterranean countries it is quite localised and it is usually found near the coasts.
Смотрите также
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Ссылки
[ редактировать ]- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый и фон глин час «Узнайте о бабочках» . Архивировано с оригинала 2018-08-31 . Получено 2012-04-05 .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в " Callophrys Billberg, 1820" в Lepidoptera и некоторых других формах жизни Маркку Савелы и некоторых других форм жизни
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в «Руководство бабочки» . Архивировано с оригинала 2016-03-03 . Получено 2012-04-05 .
- ^ Моррис Р.Б. (1975) Радивность из дифракционных структур в крылах чешуйки мозолириса , зеленая прическа. Журнал энтомологии (а) 49 , 149-154.
- ^ Seitz. A. A. Ed. В Seitz ,
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