Methanoperedens Nitrooreducens
| Methanoperedens Nitrooreducens | |
|---|---|
Научная классификация 
| |
| Домен: | Археи |
| Королевство: | Erycharchaet |
| Сорт: | Метаномикробия |
| Заказ: | Метаносакарные |
| Семья: | MethanoperedEnaceae |
| Род: | Methanoperedens |
| Разновидность: | М. Нитроредукенс
|
| Биномиальное название | |
| Methanoperedens Nitrooreducens Haroon et al. 2013
| |
Methanoperedens Nitroceducens (от латыни: метано, что означает «метатан», перцендены, что означает «потребление», нитро, означает «нитрат» и снижение, что означает «ведущий спинку») - это виды метанотрофических архей , который окисляет метан путем соединения с нитратом. снижение. [ 1 ]
Морфология
[ редактировать ]Methanoperedens Nitrooreducens -это археи , которая растет как нерегулярная кокака с диаметром 1-3 мкм. [ 2 ] Идеальные условия для M. nitroareducens рост состоят из температуры около 72–95 ° F (22–35 ° C) и нейтрального до слегка базового pH 7-8. [ 2 ] M. nitroducens был культивирован в биореакторе , но чистая культура не была культивирована. [ 2 ]
Метаболизм
[ редактировать ]В настоящее время известно, что только два известных организма способны соединить окисление метана с восстановлением нитратов или нитрита ( метаноперсенты нитроредукенов и метиломирабилис oxyfera ). Methanoperedens Nitrooreducens используют процесс анаэробного окисления метана (AOM). [ 2 ] AOM is an important environmental process that functions as a sink of methane, lowering the gas' overall impact on climate change.[3] This process was originally discovered to be paired with sulfate reduction but now also known to be paired with nitrate and metal ion (Mn4+ or Fe3+) reduction. M. nitroreducens uses reverse methanogenesis with nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor.[2][3] This is the first anaerobic methanotrophic archaea found to have genes for the full reverse methanogenesis pathway.[2] The full pathway of acetyl-CoA has also been found in M. nitroreducens.[3] It is suggested that AOM is facilitated by Borgs.[4]
Ecology
[edit]This species was first described by Haroon et al. in 2013 after adding methane, ammonium, and nitrate to a bioreactor where a single organism proliferated.[2] Methanoperedens nitroreducens survives in oxygen-free environments and can typically be found in deeper down in freshwater ecosystems.[1][5] M. nitroreducens is more likely to exist and be competitive in an environment enriched in nitrate as opposed to sulfate or other potential terminal electron acceptors.[5] M. nitroreducens competes against other organisms who reduce nitrate with other carbon sources.[5]
Requiring both methane and nitrate, this organism is commonly found in the area between oxic and anoxic zones.[1] While originally known as an anaerobic species,[2] it has oxygen tolerance mechanisms. When it is in contact with oxygen, M. nitroreducens will up-regulate genes needed to protect against oxidative stress.[1] This differs from other anaerobic species who suffer irreversible damage when exposed to oxygen,[6] hinting at future applications for this archaeal species.
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Guerrero-Cruz, Simon; Cremers, Geert; van Alen, Theo A.; Op den Camp, Huub J. M.; Jetten, Mike S. M.; Rasigraf, Olivia; Vaksmaa, Annika (2018). "Response of the Anaerobic Methanotroph "Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens" to Oxygen Stress". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 84 (24): e01832–18. Bibcode:2018ApEnM..84E1832G. doi:10.1128/AEM.01832-18. PMC 6275348. PMID 30291120.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Haroon, Mohamed F.; Hu, Shihu; Shi, Ying; Imelfort, Michael; Keller, Jurg; Hugenholtz, Philip; Yuan, Zhiguo; Tyson, Gene W. (August 2013). "Anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to nitrate reduction in a novel archaeal lineage". Nature. 500 (7464): 567–570. Bibcode:2013Natur.500..567H. doi:10.1038/nature12375. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 23892779. S2CID 4368118.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Cui, Mengmeng; Ma, Anzhou; Qi, Hongyan; Zhuang, Xuliang; Zhuang, Guoqiang (February 2015). "Anaerobic oxidation of methane: an "active" microbial process". MicrobiologyOpen. 4 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1002/mbo3.232. ISSN 2045-8827. PMC 4335971. PMID 25530008.
- ^ Al-Shayeb, Basem; Schoelmerich, Marie C.; West-Roberts, Jacob; Valentin-Alvarado, Luis E.; Sachdeva, Rohan; Mullen, Susan; Crits-Christoph, Alexander; Wilkins, Michael J.; Williams, Kenneth H.; Doudna, Jennifer A.; Banfield, Jillian F. (2021-07-10). "Borgs are giant extrachromosomal elements with the potential to augment methane oxidation": 2021.07.10.451761. doi:10.1101/2021.07.10.451761.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Jump up to: a b c Lu, Peili; Liu, Tao; Ni, Bing-Jie; Guo, Jianhua; Yuan, Zhiguo; Hu, Shihu (2019-04-01). "Growth kinetics of Candidatus 'Methanoperedens nitroreducens' enriched in a laboratory reactor". Science of the Total Environment. 659: 442–450. Bibcode:2019ScTEn.659..442L. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.351. ISSN 0048-9697. PMID 31096374. S2CID 104422754.
- ^ Kampman, Christel; Piai, Laura; Temmink, Hardy; Hendrickx, Tim L. G.; Zeeman, Grietje; Buisman, Cees J. N. (2018-05-14). "Effect of low concentrations of dissolved oxygen on the activity of denitrifying methanotrophic bacteria". Water Science and Technology. 77 (11): 2589–2597. doi:10.2166/wst.2018.219. ISSN 0273-1223. PMID 29944124.