Федеральные выборы в Бельгии 2014 года
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Все 150 мест в палате представителей 76 мест, необходимых для большинства | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Оказаться | 89.37% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
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 Belgium portal |
Федеральные выборы состоялись в Бельгии 25 мая 2014 года. [ 1 ] Все 150 членов Палаты представителей были избраны, тогда как Сенат больше не был избран непосредственно после государственной реформы 2011–2012 годов . Это были первые выборы, проводимые в соответствии с правлением короля Филиппа .
Дата
[ редактировать ]В рамках государственной реформы, принятой 19 декабря 2013 года, [ 2 ] Дата выборов с этого момента будет совпадать с европейскими выборами , [ 3 ] который Совет ЕС назначил на 22–25 мая 2014 года. [ 4 ] Региональные выборы в Бельгии уже конституционно совпадают с европейскими выборами, следовательно, бельгийцы проголосуют за три выбора в тот же день.
On 25 April 2014, a declaration to amend the Constitution was adopted, formally dissolving parliament and triggering new elections within 40 days.[5]
Electoral system
[edit]
The 150 members of the Chamber of Representatives are elected in 11 multi-member constituencies, being the ten provinces and Brussels, with between 4 and 24 seats. Seats are allocated using the d'Hondt method, with an electoral threshold of 5% per constituency.[6] Apportionment of seats is done every ten years, last by royal order of 31 January 2013, based on the population figures of 28 May 2012.
Representatives elected from the five Flemish Region provinces, Antwerp (24), East Flanders (20), Flemish Brabant (15), Limburg (12) and West Flanders (16), automatically belong to the Dutch-speaking language group in parliament, whereas those elected from the five provinces of Wallonia, Hainaut (18), Liège (15), Luxembourg (4), Namur (6) and Walloon Brabant (5), form the French-speaking language group. The 15 members elected in Brussels may choose to join either group, though de facto only French-speaking parties reach the threshold.
The 60-member Senate is composed of 50 representatives from the regional and community parliaments, plus 10 co-opted senators proportionally divided among parties based on the result of the federal election.
Voters
[edit]All Belgian citizens aged 18 or over are obligated to participate in the election. Foreigners residing in Belgium (regardless of EU citizenship) cannot vote, whereas Belgian citizens living abroad may register to vote. Following the sixth state reform, they can no longer freely choose in which constituency their vote counts; instead the municipality is objectively defined by statutory criteria. Since the previous elections were snap elections, there was more preparation time now, allowing for significantly increased use of the option compared to 2010.
The electoral roll was fixed per 1 March 2014.
| 2014 | 2010 | difference | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eligible Belgians residing in Belgium | 7,879,874 | 7,725,463 | +154,411 (+2.00%) |
| Eligible Belgians residing abroad | 128,902 | 42,089 | +86,813 (+206.26%) |
| - voted in-person or by proxy in a municipality in Belgium | 20,241 | 9,741 | +10,500 (+107.79%) |
| - voted in-person or by proxy in the Belgian diplomatic or consular post where they registered | 19,080 | 13,089 | +5,991 (+45.77%) |
| - voted by mail | 89,581 | 19,259 | +70,322 (+365.14%) |
| Total | 8,008,776 | 7,767,552 | +241,224 (+3.11%) |
151 Flemish municipalities and 2 Brussels municipalities voted electronically; the remaining 157 Flemish and 17 Brussels and all 262 Walloon municipalities voted by paper ballot.
Timetable
[edit]| 25 February | Start of the "waiting period" (sperperiode) running until the day of the election, during which political propaganda and expenses are strictly regulated |
| 1 March | The electoral roll is fixed by municipal authorities |
| 25 April | The Parliament adopts a declaration to amend the Constitution, formally dissolving parliament and triggering elections within 40 days[5] |
| 10 May | Final day for the official announcement of the election and the convocation letter to voters |
| 21 May | Polling day for Belgians residing abroad in the embassies and consular posts |
| 25 May | Polling day (from 8am until 2pm, or until 4pm where voting is done electronically) |
| 19 June | Constitutive session of the newly elected Chamber of Representatives |
Background and reforms since last election
[edit]The previous 2010 election resulted in a victory for Flemish nationalist N-VA. The coalition formation stalemate went on for a record-breaking 541 days. Eventually, the negotiating parties agreed upon a sixth Belgian state reform and the Di Rupo Government was finally formed on 6 December 2011 and comprised PS, MR, CD&V, Open VLD, sp.a and cdH.
The state reform has the following consequences for the election in 2014:
- The controversial electoral constituency of Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde no longer exists; rather, each province plus the federal capital now has its own constituency, and voter discrimination has been abolished.
- The Senate will no longer be directly elected.
- The term length will be increased from 4 years to 5 years, and the election will always coincide with the European Parliament election.[3]
Election campaign
[edit]The campaign topics largely focused on socio-economic reforms: job creation and unemployment, tax reform, pensions, ... This campaign also featured an unprecedented level of quantified programmes by political parties. For example, the N-VA released its "V plan" and CD&V its "3D plan".
One week before the election day, former CD&V Prime Minister Jean-Luc Dehaene suddenly died while in France. Several debates were cancelled, and CD&V as well as all other Flemish parties suspended their campaign for a few days.[7]
Jewish Museum shooting
[edit]On 24 May, the day before the elections, a shooting occurred at the Belgian Jewish Museum in Brussels, with three people reported dead.[8] Self-described anti-Zionist MP Laurent Louis suggested that the attack could be a false flag operation seeking to discredit him and his political party (Debout les Belges, or "Stand Up, Belgians") on the eve of the elections.[9]
Political parties
[edit]
Current situation
[edit]In 2010, ten parties won seats in the Belgian Senate: Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams (CD&V), Centre Démocrate Humaniste (cdH), Socialistische Partij Anders (sp.a), Parti Socialiste (PS), Open Vld, Mouvement Réformateur (MR), Groen, Ecolo, New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) and Vlaams Belang. In the Chamber of Representatives, the People's Party (PP) and Libertarian, Direct, Democratic (LDD) each also won one seat.
During the legislation, the Francophone Democratic Federalists (FDF) separated from the MR party and are now represented in the Chamber with 3 representatives, but have no Senators. The PP Member of Parliament left the party and became an independent. One Vlaams Belang member of the Chamber and one Vlaams Belang member of the Senate left their party and decided to become independents.
Thus, currently the ten major parties are represented in both the Chamber and the Senate; in addition, LDD and FDF are represented in the Chamber of Representatives.
However, most of the major parties only operate in the Dutch-speaking or in the French-speaking constituencies. Voters who live in the provinces of Antwerp, East Flanders, Flemish Brabant, Limburg or West Flanders can only vote for CD&V, Groen, N-VA, Open VLD, sp.a and Vlaams Belang, apart from the minor parties – except when a French-speaking party would present a list in one of these provinces, which has not happened except for a FDF and a PP list in Flemish Brabant. In the provinces of Hainaut, Liège, Luxembourg, Namur and Walloon Brabant, voters can only vote for cdH, Ecolo, MR and PS, apart from the minor parties – except when a Dutch-speaking party would present a list in one of these provinces, which has not happened in this elections.
In the constituency of Liège, the German-speaking parties CSP, Ecolo, PFF and SP all form one list with their French-speaking counterparts; the name of these lists only mention the French-speaking party. Therefore, the CSP politicians are on the cdH list, the Ecolo ones on the Ecolo list, PFF on the MR list and SP on the PS list. The other German-speaking parties (ProDG and Vivant) do not present a list due to their marginal chance of getting a seat in Parliament.
In the constituency of Brussels-Capital, Ecolo and Groen formed one list under the name Ecolo.[10] CD&V, N-VA, Open Vld, sp.a and Vlaams Belang will each present a single list.
LDD only presented a list in West Flanders. FDF presented a list in all Walloon constituencies, in Brussels-Capital and in Flemish Brabant. PVDA-PTB presented a list in all eleven constituencies of Belgium, making it one of the few parties which are represented in the whole of Belgium.
Main candidates
[edit]The following candidates are the first on the respective party list (lijsttrekker / tête de liste) per constituency.
Dutch-speaking constituencies
[edit]
French-speaking constituencies
[edit]
Opinion polling
[edit]The results of the opinion polls are usually split into separate numbers for the three Belgian regions. Below, they are transposed to national figures.
| Date(s) conducted |
Newspaper | N-VA | PS | CD&V | MR | sp.a | Open Vld | VB | CDH | Ecolo | Groen | Others | Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 April 2014 | La Libre Belgique | 20.6% | 10.2% | 10.7% | 8.4% | 8.5% | 8.7% | 6.4% | 3.7% | 3.9% | 4.9% | 14.0% | 9.9% over CD&V |
| 11 October 2013 | De Standaard | 17.6% | – | 12.0% | – | 8.4% | 8.7% | 6.7% | – | – | 6.3% | 40.4% | 5.6% over CD&V |
| 6 September 2013 | La Libre Belgique[11] | 22.3% | 10.8% | 10.9% | 8.8% | 7.6% | 7.5% | 7.2% | 4.7% | 4.7% | 4.4% | 11.2% | 11.4% over CD&V |
| 1 September 2013 | Le Soir | 19.3% | 11.3% | 10.8% | 8.7% | 8.0% | 8.9% | 7.5% | 4.5% | 4.3% | 4.0% | 12.5% | 8.0% over PS |
| 16 June 2013 | Le Soir[12] | 22.0% | 10.5% | 9.9% | 8.3% | 8.7% | 8.3% | 5.9% | 4.6% | 4.7% | 4.8% | 12.1% | 11.5% over PS |
| 25 May 2013 | La Libre Belgique[13] | 20.6% | 10.2% | 10.0% | 8.9% | 8.9% | 8.1% | 8.1% | 4.7% | 5.4% | 4.1% | 11.0% | 10.4% over PS |
| 25 May 2013 | De Standaard[14] | 20.2% | – | 10.9% | – | 9.3% | 6.4% | 6.7% | – | – | 6.0% | 40.5% | 9.3% over CD&V |
| 24 March 2013 | Le Soir[15] | 21.2% | 11.8% | 10.5% | 8.6% | 8.6% | 7.8% | 6.6% | 5.0% | 4.4% | 4.9% | 10.7% | 9.4% over PS |
| 16 March 2013 | Het Laatste Nieuws[16] | 21.0% | – | 9.4% | – | 8.5% | 7.5% | 7.0% | – | – | 5.2% | 41.4% | 11.6% over CD&V |
| 22 February 2013 | La Libre Belgique[17] | 24.3% | 10.8% | 8.8% | 9.0% | 9.3% | 6.2% | 4.2% | 4.6% | 4.7% | 5.4% | 12.7% | 13.5% over PS |
| 14 October 2012 | Provincial election 2012[18][19] | 18.0% | 11.7% | 13.5% | 10.2% | 8.6% | 9.2% | 5.6% | 6.2% | 4.8% | 5.3% | 6.7% | 4.5% over CD&V |
| 14 September 2012 | De Standaard[20] | 22.6% | – | 11.5% | – | 9.0% | 6.7% | 5.9% | – | – | 4.9% | 39.4% | 11.1% over CD&V |
| 10 June 2010 | Federal election 2010[21] | 17.4% | 13.7% | 10.8% | 9.3% | 9.2% | 8.6% | 7.8% | 5.5% | 4.8% | 4.4% | 8.4% | 3.7% over PS |
Results
[edit]At the Flemish side, Vlaams Belang and LDD suffered major losses; their votes went to N-VA, which increased its position as largest party. CD&V, Open Vld and Groen gained slightly as well, while sp.a lost slightly.
At the French-speaking side, PS, cdH and Ecolo suffer losses while MR gained as well as newcomers PTB-GO! and FDF.
 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Votes | % | +/– | Seats | +/– | |
| New Flemish Alliance | 1,366,397 | 20.26 | +2.86 | 33 | +6 | |
| Parti Socialiste | 787,058 | 11.67 | –2.03 | 23 | –3 | |
| Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams | 783,040 | 11.61 | +0.76 | 18 | +1 | |
| Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten | 659,571 | 9.78 | +1.14 | 14 | +1 | |
| Mouvement Réformateur | 650,260 | 9.64 | +0.36 | 20 | +2 | |
| Socialistische Partij Anders | 595,466 | 8.83 | –0.41 | 13 | 0 | |
| Groen | 358,947 | 5.32 | +0.94 | 6 | +1 | |
| Centre démocrate humaniste | 336,184 | 4.98 | –0.54 | 9 | 0 | |
| Vlaams Belang | 247,738 | 3.67 | –4.09 | 3 | –9 | |
| Ecolo | 222,524 | 3.30 | –1.50 | 6 | –2 | |
| Parti du Travail de Belgique-GO ! | 132,943 | 1.97 | New | 2 | New | |
| Francophone Democratic Federalists | 121,384 | 1.80 | New | 2 | New | |
| Partij van de Arbeid+ | 118,333 | 1.75 | +0.94 | 0 | 0 | |
| People's Party | 102,581 | 1.52 | +0.23 | 1 | 0 | |
| Debout Les Belges! | 58,043 | 0.86 | New | 0 | New | |
| Libertair, Direct, Democratisch | 28,414 | 0.42 | –1.89 | 0 | –1 | |
| La Droite | 26,035 | 0.39 | New | 0 | New | |
| Pirate Party | 23,169 | 0.34 | New | 0 | New | |
| Faire place Nette | 15,467 | 0.23 | New | 0 | New | |
| ISLAM | 13,719 | 0.20 | New | 0 | New | |
| Belgian Union | 12,103 | 0.18 | –0.14 | 0 | 0 | |
| ROSSEM | 11,680 | 0.17 | New | 0 | New | |
| Wallonie d'Abord | 11,221 | 0.17 | –0.39 | 0 | 0 | |
| Nation | 10,216 | 0.15 | New | 0 | New | |
| Pirate | 9,845 | 0.15 | New | 0 | New | |
| Rassemblement Wallonie France | 7,394 | 0.11 | –0.44 | 0 | 0 | |
| Mouvement de Gauche | 4,529 | 0.07 | New | 0 | New | |
| Lutte Ouvrière | 3,539 | 0.05 | New | 0 | New | |
| PP Partipensionnes | 3,178 | 0.05 | –0.06 | 0 | 0 | |
| Front Wallon | 3,080 | 0.05 | New | 0 | New | |
| New Alternative Wallonia | 2,785 | 0.04 | New | 0 | New | |
| Sociaal Democraten & Progressieven | 2,298 | 0.03 | New | 0 | New | |
| PP | 2,281 | 0.03 | New | 0 | New | |
| P+ | 2,254 | 0.03 | New | 0 | New | |
| Valeurs Libérales Citoyennes | 2,028 | 0.03 | New | 0 | New | |
| Walloon Rally | 1,598 | 0.02 | New | 0 | New | |
| Gauches Communes | 1,445 | 0.02 | New | 0 | New | |
| Vox Populi Belgica | 1,280 | 0.02 | New | 0 | New | |
| Égalitaires ! | 953 | 0.01 | New | 0 | New | |
| Partij Voor Gehandicapten en Welzijn | 932 | 0.01 | New | 0 | New | |
| Parti Libertarien | 750 | 0.01 | New | 0 | New | |
| MGJOD | 460 | 0.01 | New | 0 | New | |
| CIM | 430 | 0.01 | New | 0 | New | |
| MOVE | 400 | 0.01 | New | 0 | New | |
| Agora Erasmus | 382 | 0.01 | New | 0 | New | |
| LaLutte-DeStrijd | 213 | 0.00 | New | 0 | New | |
| Total | 6,744,547 | 100.00 | – | 150 | 0 | |
| Valid votes | 6,744,547 | 94.23 | ||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 412,951 | 5.77 | ||||
| Total votes | 7,157,498 | 100.00 | ||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 8,008,776 | 89.37 | ||||
| Source: IBZ | ||||||
In detail
[edit]| Dutch-speaking constituencies | Bilingual constituency | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Antwerp | East Flanders | Flemish Brabant | Limburg | West Flanders | Brussels | ||||||||||||
| Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | |
| N-VA | 449,531 | 39.38 | 11 | 306,309 | 31.03 | 6 | 192,698 | 28.37 | 5 | 174,030 | 31.39 | 5 | 230,265 | 28.50 | 6 | 13,240 | 2.65 | 0 |
| CD&V | 183,636 | 16.09 | 4 | 177,178 | 17.95 | 4 | 112,251 | 16.53 | 3 | 125,962 | 22.72 | 3 | 175,669 | 21.74 | 4 | 8,193 | 1.64 | 0 |
| OPEN VLD | 116,892 | 10.24 | 2 | 178,911 | 18.12 | 4 | 170,128 | 25.05 | 4 | 68,713 | 12.39 | 2 | 111,388 | 13.79 | 2 | 13,294 | 2.66 | 0 |
| SP.A | 132,096 | 11.57 | 3 | 131,607 | 13.33 | 3 | 81,254 | 11.96 | 2 | 98,194 | 17.71 | 2 | 142,406 | 17.63 | 3 | 9,633 | 1.93 | 0 |
| GROEN | 112,477 | 9.85 | 2 | 90,144 | 9.13 | 2 | 59,096 | 8.70 | 1 | 33,244 | 6.00 | 0 | 63,657 | 7.88 | 1 | ECOLO | ||
| VL. BELANG | 79,852 | 7.00 | 2 | 61,523 | 6.23 | 1 | 28,857 | 4.25 | 0 | 34,020 | 6.14 | 0 | 38,232 | 4.73 | 0 | 5,165 | 1.03 | 0 |
| PTB/PVDA+ | 51,638 | 4.52 | 0 | 26,294 | 2.66 | 0 | 12,664 | 1.86 | 0 | 14,253 | 2.57 | 0 | 13,397 | 1.66 | 0 | PTB/PVDA–GO! | ||
| Total | 1,141,541 | 100.00 | 24 | 987,205 | 100.00 | 20 | 679,125 | 100.00 | 15 | 554,454 | 100.00 | 12 | 807,929 | 100.00 | 16 | |||
| French-speaking constituencies | Bilingual constituency | |||||||||||||||||
| Party | Hainaut | Liège | Luxembourg | Namur | Walloon Brabant | Brussels | ||||||||||||
| Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | Votes | Perc. | Seats | |
| PS | 303,085 | 41.04 | 9 | 187,934 | 30.00 | 5 | 37,373 | 22.02 | 1 | 83,361 | 27.83 | 2 | 51,359 | 21.41 | 1 | 124,053 | 24.86 | 5 |
| MR | 153,304 | 20.76 | 5 | 158,062 | 25.23 | 5 | 41,346 | 24.36 | 1 | 84,788 | 28.31 | 2 | 97,741 | 40.75 | 3 | 115,049 | 23.05 | 4 |
| CDH | 76,812 | 10.40 | 2 | 81,789 | 13.05 | 2 | 56,702 | 33.41 | 2 | 48,135 | 16.07 | 1 | 26,335 | 10.98 | 0 | 46,508 | 9.32 | 2 |
| ECOLO | 43,489 | 5.89 | 1 | 56,902 | 9.08 | 1 | 13,471 | 7.94 | 0 | 29,186 | 9.74 | 1 | 27,356 | 11.40 | 1 | 52,147 | 10.45 | 2 |
| PTB/PVDA–GO! | 38,194 | 5.17 | 1 | 50,609 | 8.08 | 1 | 4,003 | 2.36 | 0 | 14,559 | 4.86 | 0 | 6,449 | 2.69 | 0 | 19,142 | 3.84 | 0 |
| FDF | 14,382 | 1.95 | 0 | 13,917 | 2.22 | 0 | 2,811 | 1.66 | 0 | 8,367 | 2.79 | 0 | 11,198 | 4.67 | 0 | 55,323 | 11.08 | 2 |
| PP | 32,158 | 4.35 | 0 | 32,237 | 5.15 | 1 | 6,980 | 4.11 | 0 | 13,029 | 4.35 | 0 | 9,544 | 3.98 | 0 | 8,651 | 1.73 | 0 |
| Total | 738,496 | 100.00 | 18 | 601,826 | 100.00 | 15 | 169,719 | 100.00 | 4 | 299,512 | 100.00 | 6 | 239,869 | 100.00 | 5 | 499,082 | 100.00 | 15 |
Senate
[edit]2014 marked the first year when the Senate was no longer directly elected, since the sixth state reform of 2011. Now, the regional parliaments elect 50 senators based on the results of the concurrent regional elections (the Flemish Parliament elects 29, the Parliament of the French Community elects ten, the Walloon Parliament elects eight, the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region elects two Francophone senators and the Parliament of the German-speaking Community elects one). The elected senators in turn co-opt 10 senators (six Dutch-speaking and four Francophone), making a total of 60 senators.
The distributiuon of seats among parties resulted as following:[22]
 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Seats | |||||
| Elected | Co-opted | Total | +/– | |||
| New Flemish Alliance | 10 | 2 | 12 | +3 | ||
| Socialist Party | 8 | 1 | 9 | +2 | ||
| Christian Democratic and Flemish | 7 | 1 | 8 | +4 | ||
| Reformist Movement | 7 | 1 | 8 | +4 | ||
| Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats | 4 | 1 | 5 | +1 | ||
| Socialist Party Differently | 4 | 1 | 5 | –1 | ||
| Humanist Democratic Centre | 3 | 1 | 4 | +2 | ||
| Ecolo | 2 | 1 | 3 | –1 | ||
| Groen | 2 | 1 | 3 | +2 | ||
| Vlaams Belang | 2 | 0 | 2 | –1 | ||
| Party for Freedom and Progress | 1 | 0 | 1 | +1 | ||
| Total | 50 | 10 | 60 | –11 | ||
Government formation
[edit]27 мая король Филипп назначил Bart de Wever (N-Va) Informateur , что означает, что ему поручено найти достаточно точек согласия для возможной коалиции. [ 23 ]
После пяти месяцев дискуссий в правой центре коалиции четырех партий (CD & V, Open VLD, MR и N-VA) пришла к соглашению 7 октября с валлоном Чарльзом Мишелем в качестве премьер-министра. Тем не менее, это коалиция, ориентированная на Фландрию, которая впервые за 26 лет исключает социалистов из правительства. [ 24 ] Мишель станет самым молодым премьер -министром Бельгии после 28 часов обсуждений по поводу достижения сбалансированного бюджета к 2018 году. Объявление было сделано партийным коллегой и министром бюджета Оливье Частел в Твиттере : «Чарльз Мишель становится премьер -министром». [ 25 ]
Ссылки
[ редактировать ]- ^ «Европа подтверждает 25 мая как дата выборов бельгийцев» . HLN . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ [1] Архивировано 6 июня 2014 года на машине Wayback
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный Предложение о пересмотре конституции Бельгии , Сенат.
- ^ Решение Совета 2013/299/ЕС, Европей от 14 июня 2013 г. Исправление периода для восьмой выборов представителей в Европейский парламент с помощью прямого универсального избирательного права , опубликованного 21 июня 2013 г.
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный 25 апреля 2014 года. - Декларация пересмотра Конституции , Бельгийский официальный журнал
- ^ Избирательная система IPU
- ^ «Кампания CD & V акции после смерти Дехайна» . deredactie.be. 15 мая 2014 года.
- ^ «Трое умирают в Брюсселе, стреляющей в еврейский музей» . deredactie.be. 24 мая 2014 года.
- ^ Лоран Луи (24 мая 2014 г.). «Пост в Facebook от Laurent Louis» .
- ^ «Зеленый и эколо в одном федеральном списке в Брюсселе» . deredactie.be . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ «Барометр: N-VA набирает 2,7% во Фландрии!» Полем Dorber.be Получено октября 11 ,
- ^ «PS в чистой снижении в Уоллонии, N-VA все еще далеко впереди Фландрии» . вечерние документы . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ «N-VA теряет вес, PS в небольшой форме» . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ «N-VA получает тик» . Стандарт . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ «Великий барометр: N-VA отступает от трех очков » Lesoir.be октября Получено 11 ,
- ^ «CD & V ограничивает повреждение» . HLN . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ "RTBF-БЕСПЛАТНО: N-VA INDICROTABLE " RTBF Информация Получено октября 11 ,
- ^ "2012 Фландерс -Kyest" . Flanderskest.be . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ [2] Архивировано 28 января 2016 года на машине Wayback
- ^ «Открыть VLD в низкой точке» . Стандарт . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ [3] Архивировано 9 июля 2015 года на машине Wayback
- ^ «N-VA хорош для одной пятой сенаторов» . Стандарт (на голландском языке). 26 мая 2014 года . Получено 23 января 2024 года .
- ^ «Барт де Вевер назначен информатором королем» . Lalibre.be . 27 мая 2014 года.
- ^ «Бельгия соглашается сформировать коалиционное правительство» . Deutsche Welle . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
- ^ «Бельгия на курсе для правительства во главе с самой молодой премьер -министром» . Uk.reuters.com. Архивировано с оригинала 19 августа 2016 года . Получено 11 октября 2014 года .
Внешние ссылки
[ редактировать ]- Выборы 2014 года , Бельгия.
