Река Сакарья
| Река Сакарья | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Расположение | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Bayat Plateau |
| Mouth | |
• location | Black Sea |
| Length | 824 km (512 mi) |
| Basin size | 55,300 km2 (21,400 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • average | 193 m3/s (6,800 cu ft/s) |
Сакарья латинский ( турецкий : Нери ; Хитт : 𒀀𒇉𒊭𒄭𒊑𒅀 , Романизированный: Шагирия ; греческий : σαγγάριος , романизированный : сангариос ; : . Сангарий ) - третья самая длинная река в Турции сакарья Он проходит через регион, известный в древние времена как фригия . Он считался одним из главных рек Малой Азии ( Анатолия ) в классической древности и упоминается в Илиаде [ 1 ] и в теогонии . [ 2 ] Его название появляется в разных формах как Саграфос , [ 3 ] Сангарис , [ 4 ] или сагари . [ 5 ]
В «Географии» Страбон писал во время классической древности , что у реки были свои источники на горе Адореус, недалеко от города Санджия в Фригии , недалеко от границы с Галатией , [ 6 ] и течет в очень зрелищем курсе: сначала на востоке, затем к северу, затем на северо-западе и, наконец, на север через битхинию в эксин ( Черное море ).
Pseudo-Plutarch wrote that a man named Sagaris often disdained the mysteries of the Mother of the Gods, frequently deriding her priests. She struck him with madness, and he flung himself into the river Xerobates, which from then on was called Sagaris.[7]
Part of its course formed the boundary between Phrygia and Bithynia, which in early times was bounded on the east by the river. The Bithynian part of the river was navigable and was celebrated for the abundance of fish found in it. Its principal tributaries were the Alander, the Bathys, the Thymbres and the Gallus.[8]
The source of the river is the Bayat Yaylası (Bayat Plateau), which northeast of Afyon. Joined by the Porsuk Çayı (Porsuk Creek), close to the town of Polatlı, the river runs through the Adapazarı Ovası (Adapazarı Plains) before it reaches the Black Sea. The Sakarya is crossed by the Sangarius Bridge which was constructed by Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565).
In the 13th century, the valley of the Sakarya was part of the border between the Eastern Roman Empire and the home of the Söğüt tribe. By 1280, Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos had constructed a series of fortifications along the river to control the area, but a flood in 1302 changed the course of the river and made the fortifications useless.[9] The Söğüt tribe migrated across the river and later established the Ottoman Empire.
From downstream to upstream, the Sakarya has four dams: Akçay, Yenice, Gökçekaya and Sarıyar.
References
[edit]- ^ Homer. Iliad. Vol. 3.187, 16.719.
- ^ Hesiod, Theogony, 344.
- ^ Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. 2.724.
- ^ Constantine VII, De Administrando Imperio 1.5
- ^ Ovid, ex Pont. 4.10 17; Solin 43; Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 6.1.
- ^ Strabo. Geographica. Vol. xii. p.543. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
- ^ Pseudo-Plutarch. "XII. Sagaris". De fluviis. Translated by Goodwin.
- ^ Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax, p. 34; Apollon. 2.724; Scymnus. 234, foil.; Strab. xii. pp. 563, 567; Dionys. Perieg. 811; Ptol. 5.1.6; Steph. B. sub voce Liv. 38.18; Plin. Nat. 5.43; Amm. Marc. 22.9.
- ^ Imber, Colin (17 January 2019). The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650 : the structure of power (Third ed.). London. p. 6. ISBN 978-1352004960. OCLC 1034613389.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Sangarius". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
Смотрите также
[ редактировать ]
41 ° 07′35 ″ N 30 ° 38′56 ″ E / 41,1264 ° N 30,6489 ° E
 | Эта статья, связанная с рекой в Турции, является заглушкой . Вы можете помочь Википедии, расширив ее . |