Ural Federal District
56°50′N 60°35′E / 56.833°N 60.583°E
Ural Federal District Уральский федеральный округ | |
|---|---|
 Location of the Ural Federal District within Russia | |
| Country |  Russia |
| Established | 13 May 2000 |
| Administrative centre | Yekaterinburg |
| Government | |
| • Presidential Envoy | Vladimir Yakushev |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,818,500 km2 (702,100 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 3rd |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 12,080,526[2] |
| • Rank | 6th |
| • Density | 6.75/km2 (17.5/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 79.9%[2] |
| • Rural | 20.1%[2] |
| GDP | |
| • Total | ₽ 20.073 trillion US$ 287 billion (2022) |
| • Per capita | ₽ 1,635,678 US$ 23,402 (2022) |
| Federal subjects | 6 contained |
| Economic regions | 2 contained |
| HDI (2021) | 0.839[4] very high · 2nd |
| Website | www |
 | |
Ural Federal District (Russian: Уральский федеральный округ, IPA: [ʊˈralʲskʲɪj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk]) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its population was 12,080,523 (79.9% urban) according to the 2010 Census.[2]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1959 | 9,112,337 | — |
| 1970 | 6,811,402 | −25.3% |
| 1979 | 10,859,783 | +59.4% |
| 1989 | 12,525,993 | +15.3% |
| 2002 | 12,373,926 | −1.2% |
| 2010 | 12,080,526 | −2.4% |
| 2021 | 12,300,793 | +1.8% |
| Source: Census data | ||
The district was established on 13 May 2000 by a decree of the President of Russia.[5] It is located at the border of the European and Asian parts of Russia.[6] The administrative centre of the district is the city of Yekaterinburg.
The district contributes 18% to Russia's Gross Regional Product (GRP), although its population is only 8.5% of the Russian total.[7]
General information and statistics
[edit]
Ethnic composition, according to the 2010 census:
The district covers an area of 1,818,500 square kilometers (702,100 sq mi),[1] about 10% of Russia. According to the 2010 Census, the district had a population of 12,080,526,[2] of whom 82.74% were Russians (10,237,992 people), 5.14% Tatars (636,454), 2.87% Ukrainians (355,087) and 2.15% Bashkirs (265,586). The remainder comprises various ethnicities of the former Soviet Union. 79.9% of the district's population lived in urban areas.[2]
In 2006, the district provided 90% of Russian natural gas production, 68% of oil and 42% of metal products. Industrial production per capita in the district is about 2.5 times higher than the average value throughout Russia. The district provides about 42% of Russian tax incomes, mostly from industry. Its major branches are fuel mining and production (53%), metallurgy (24%) and metal processing and engineering (8.8%). The latter two are especially developed in Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk Oblast which, between them, constitute 83% of Russian metallurgy and 73% of metal processing and engineering. Whereas fuel and mineral mining has been providing a nearly constant outcome between 1990 and 2006, metal processing and engineering are declining, despite the fact that they employ up to 30% of industry workers of the district. Local ore processing plants can provide only 20% of required copper, 28% chromium, 35% iron and 17% coal, and many of these resources are nearly exhausted. Meanwhile, the average distance to import them to the Ural is 2,500 km.[8]
The district is governed by the Presidential Envoy, and individual envoys are assigned by the President of Russia to all the Oblasts of the district. Pyotr Latyshev was envoy to the Urals Federal District until his death on 2 December 2008. Nikolay Vinnichenko succeeded him on this post on 8 December 2008.[9] On 6 September 2011 Vinnichenko was appointed the envoy to the Northwestern Federal District, and Yevgeny Kuyvashev became the Presidential Envoy in the Ural Federal District.[10] On 18 May 2012 Vladimir Putin offered the tenure to Igor Kholmanskikh, an engineer without any previous political experience, and Kholmanskikh accepted the offer.[11] On 26 June 2018, Kholmanskikh was replaced by Nikolay Tsukanov.[12]
Federal subjects
[edit]The district comprises the Central (part) and West Siberian economic regions and six federal subjects:
 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Flag | Coat of Arms | Federal subject | Administrative center | Area in km2 | Population | GDP[13] | Map of Administrative Division |
| 1 |  |  | Kurgan Oblast | Kurgan | 71,000 | 776,661 | ₽268 billion |  |
| 2 |  |  | Sverdlovsk Oblast | Yekaterinburg | 194,226 | 4,268,998 | ₽3,038 billion |  |
| 3 |  |  | Tyumen Oblast | Tyumen | 143,520 | 1,601,940 | ₽1,536 billion |  |
| 4 |  |  | Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug (Yugra) | Khanty-Mansiysk | 534,800 | 1,711,480 | ₽5,652 billion |  |
| 5 |  |  | Chelyabinsk Oblast | Chelyabinsk | 87,900 | 3,431,224 | ₽2,043 billion |  |
| 6 |  |  | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | Salekhard | 750,300 | 510,490 | ₽4,162 billion |  |
Source for names of federal subjects:[14] (note - source refers to 'regions' rather than Okrugs or Oblasts)
Religion
[edit]According to a 2012 survey[15] 32.7% of the population of the Ural Federal District adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 6.9% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 3.4% is an Eastern Orthodox believer without belonging to any church or adheres to other (non-Russian) Eastern Orthodox churches, 6.0% is an adherent of Islam, and 1.1% adhere to some native faith such as Rodnovery. In addition, 31.2% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 12.8% is atheist, and 5.9% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.[15]
Presidential plenipotentiary envoys to the Ural Federal District
[edit]| № | Name (envoy) | Photo | Term of office | Appointed by | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start of term | End of term | Length of service | ||||
| 1 | Pyotr Latyshev[17] |  | 18 May 2000 | 2 December 2008 | 8 years, 198 days (3,120 days) | Vladimir Putin |
| - | Vladimir Krupkin (acting) | 2 December 2008 | 8 December 2008 | 6 days | Dmitry Medvedev | |
| 2 | Nikolay Vinnichenko[18][19] |  | 8 December 2008 | 6 September 2011 | 2 years, 272 days (1,002 days) | |
| 3 | Yevgeny Kuyvashev[20][21] |  | 6 September 2011 | 14 May 2012 | 251 days | |
| 4 | Igor Kholmanskikh[22][23] |  | 18 May 2012 | 26 June 2018 | 6 years, 39 days (2,230 days) | Vladimir Putin |
| 5 | Nikolay Tsukanov[24] |  | 26 June 2018 | 9 November 2020 | 2 years, 136 days (867 days) | |
| 6 | Vladimir Yakushev |  | 9 November 2020 | present | 3 years, 269 days (1,364 days) | |
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b "1.1. ОСНОВНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ в 2014 г." [MAIN SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS 2014]. Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators - 2015 (in Russian). Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved July 26, 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2022 гг., rosstat.gov.ru
- ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved July 20, 2021.
- ^ "Указ Президента РФ от 13 мая 2000 г. N 849 "О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе" (Decree #849 by the President of Russia of May 13, 2000)" (in Russian).
- ^ "Ural Federal District". www.smsr-senclub.ru. Archived from the original on May 15, 2012.
- ^ "5 Ural Federal District: The Backbone of the Nation's Economy". Russia's Regions: Goals, Challenges, Achievements (PDF). National Human Development Report. UNDP. July 2006. p. 68. Retrieved September 30, 2016.
- ^ Екатеринбург, 02 Декабря 2006 (in Russian). Official site of the Ural Federal District. Archived from the original on August 12, 2007.
- ^ "Vinnichenko for Urals Federal District" (in Russian). interfax.ru.
- ^ О назначении полпредов Президента в ряде федеральных округов (in Russian). Администрация Президента РФ. September 6, 2011. Retrieved May 20, 2012.
- ^ "Предложение президента для Игоря Холманских стало неожиданностью". Vesti.ru. Russian. May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 20, 2012.
- ^ "Игорь Холманских уволен с поста полпреда президента в Уральском федеральном округе" (in Russian). Meduza. June 26, 2018. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
- ^ "Валовой региональный продукт". rosstat.gov.ru.
- ^ "Ural region". Corporation of Development. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012.
- ^ 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), August 27, 2012. Retrieved April 21, 2017. Archived.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 18.05.2000 г. № 893" (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. May 18, 2000. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 08.12.2008 г. № 1749" (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. December 8, 2008. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 06.09.2011 г. № 1162" (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. September 6, 2011. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 06.09.2011 г. № 1164" (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. September 6, 2011. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 14.05.2012 г. № 619" (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. May 14, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 18.05.2012 г. № 626" (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. May 18, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 26.06.2018 г. № 366" (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. June 26, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
- ^ "Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 26.06.2018 г. № 371" (in Russian). Kremlin.ru. June 26, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
| Federal districts of Russia | |
|---|---|
| North Caucasian | Central | Southern | Northwestern | Far Eastern | Siberian | Ural | Volga | |