Сирийские еврейские общины Соединенных Штатов
Общая численность населения | |
---|---|
Приблизительно 90 000 | |
Регионы со значительным населением | |
Нью -Йорк , Нью -Джерси , Флорида , Калифорния , Пенсильвания | |
Языки | |
Американский английский , сирийский арабский , современный иврит , египетский арабский язык | |
Связанные этнические группы | |
Другие сирийцы · американские евреи · сефардные евреи |
Сирийские еврейские общины Соединенных Штатов представляют собой коллекцию общин сирийских евреев , в основном основанных в начале 20 -го века. Самые большие в Бруклине , Дело, Нью -Джерси и Майами . В 2007 году население общин Нью -Йорка и Нью -Джерси оценивалось в 90 000 человек. [ 1 ]
Нью-Йорк
[ редактировать ]Первыми сирийскими евреями, прибывшими в Соединенные Штаты, были Джейкоб Двек и Эзра Ситт, оба из Алеппо. Они отплыли из Ливерпуля, Англия, 22 июля 1892 года, на Германии . После начала 20 -го века все больше иммигрантов приехали в США по трем причинам: во -первых, экономическое снижение в Сирии повлияло на их способность зарабатывать на жизнь. Во -вторых, молодые турки, повстанческая группа, ответственная за свержение османского султана, призывали евреев в армию. В-третьих, рост сионизма привел к увеличению антисемитизма в ближневосточном регионе. [ 2 ] Большинство поселились на нижней восточной стороне Манхэттена. Более поздние поселения были в Бенсонхерсте , Мидвуд , Флэтбуш и вдоль Оушен -Паркуэй в Грейвзенде , Бруклин. Последнее считается нынешним центром сообщества, хотя сообщество ранее было сосредоточено вокруг синагоги Магена Дэвида на 67 -й улице в районе Бенсонхерст, как указано ниже:
- Конгрегация Shaare Zion , в 2030 году Ocean Parkway между Avenue T и Avenue U, в размере нескольких синагог в одном здании вместе с отдельным домом в качестве дополнительной конструкции приложения. Он самый большой, и в настоящее время считается флагманской синагогой сообщества. Синагога была построена в 1960 году в районе Грейвсенд, и вскоре сообщество последовало за ней в остальной части 1960 -х и начале 1970 -х годов. До его ухода 1 декабря 2018 года синагога занимала место главного раввина Саула Дж. Кассина II. Отец раввина, раввин, Джейкоб С. Кассин I, вместе с зять раввин Барух Бен Хаим ; Были предыдущими духовными лидерами сирийской общины в Нью -Йорке соответственно, до их проходов в 1994 и 2005 годах. В его воле главный раввин Саул Дж. Кассин II не унесли свое место в качестве главного раввина своему первенцу -внуку, раввине Саул Дж. Дж. Кассин III (его собственный сын первенца, Джейкоб С. Кассин II, не является раввином). Нынешний главный раввин Саул Дж. Кассин III - главный раввин Конгрегации Маген Дэвид из Западного Дида и Рош Йешива из Хильлет Ешива . Еще одной важной раббиновой фигурой в течение ряда лет был раввин Авраам Хехт . Но из -за противоречивых политических интересов в 1990 -х годах раввин был вынужден представить свою отставку. В раввинских обязанностях делятся раввин Яаков Бен Хаим (сын раввина Баруха Бен Хаим), раввин Дэвид Маслатон, раввин Мейер Йедид, раввин Раймонд Хабер и раввин Раймонд Бейда. [ 3 ] Синагога обычно служит сирийской общине Алеппо или (Халаби). [ 4 ]
- Собрание Маген Дэвид Синагога , на 67 -й улице 2017 года между 20 -й и 21 -й проспектами. Эта синагога была бывшим флагманом сообщества, и была возведена в 1921 году. Синагога была на вершине популярности в 1940 -х, 1950 -х и начале 1960 -х годов. Синагога все еще постоянно используется для ежедневных и шаббатских молитв. В настоящее время это также очень заметно для обслуживания похоронных услуг. В 2001 году здание было объявлено в достопримечательностях Комиссии по сохранению достопримечательностей Нью -Йорка . К 2004 году здание было сертифицировано и перечислено в Национальном реестре исторических мест .

In addition to Syrian Jews proper, the community includes smaller groups of Israeli, Lebanese, Egyptian, Turkish, Moroccan and other similar origins, who have their own place within the overall "Syrian" communal structure. A distinction is also recognized between Halabis (from Aleppo) and Shamis (from Damascus). Furthermore, there is a perceived difference between the Modern Orthodox "White Hats" and those tending to Haredi Judaism "Black Hats", though this is a matter of degree rather than an absolute division. There are no Conservative or Reform congregations affiliated with the Syrian community.
Within the community, there is also a Sephardic Community Center fulfilling functions similar to the national JCC organization. The community is characterized by multi-generational businesses; often, children are encouraged to stay within the family business. Still, many families, recognizing the challenges to financial success posed by a lack of a university degree, have been encouraging undergraduate and graduate education, especially in the fields of business and finance. Those who pursue higher education are encouraged to remain within the familial structure. A number of magazine publications, such as Image[5] and Community Magazine,[6] also cover social topics in relation to the community as a whole.
Synagogues
[edit]Presently, there is an array of different synagogues that cater to the community's many different backgrounds, customs and liturgical styles. They are as follows:
Name | Image | State | City | Clergy | Culture | Address, website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ahaba Ve Ahva | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbis Jack Savdie, Meyer Barnathan, and Shaul Chamoula | Egyptian | 1744 Ocean Parkway, Ahaba.org |
Ahaba Ve Ahva Congregation & Yeshiva | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Egyptian | 2001 East 7th Street | |
Ahi Ezer Congregation | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Shaul Maslaton | Syrian – Shami | 1885 Ocean Parkway |
Ahi Ezer Torah Center | New York | Brooklyn | Syrian – Shami | 1950 East 7th Street | ||
Ahi Ezer Yeshiva Synagogue | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Hanania Elbaz | Egyptian | 2433 Ocean Parkway, Ahiezeryeshiva.org | |
Aur Torah | New York | Staten Island | Rabbi Aharon Zeev | Syrian | 1180 Rockland Avenue, Aurtorah.org | |
Avenue N Sephardic Congregation | New York | Brooklyn | Syrian | 321 Avenue N | ||
Avenue O Synagogue, Ohel Yeshua VeSarah | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Moshe
Arking |
Syrian | 808 Avenue O
aveo.shulcloud.com | |
Ateret Torah | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yosef Harari Raful | Sephardic Haredim | 901 Quentin Road | |
Beth Aharon Sephardic Synagogue of Riverdale | New York | The Bronx | Syrian | 3700 Henry Hudson Parkway East | ||
Bet Shaul U'Miriam | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi David Cohen | Syrian | 2208 Avenue S |
Congregation Beth-El of Flatbush | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Ani | Syrian – Shami | 2181 East 3rd Street | |
Congregation Beth Torah | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yehuda A. Azancot | Syrian | 1061 Ocean Parkway, Beth-Torah.com | |
Beth Yosef | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Aharon Farhi | Syrian | 2108 Ocean Parkway, BethYosef.com | |
B'nai Yosef Synagogue | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Haim Benoliel | Syrian, Sephardic Haredim | 1616 Ocean Parkway, BnaiYosef.com |
Bnei Binyamin Torah Center | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi David Seruya | Sephardic Haredim | 727 Avenue O | |
Congregation Bnei Ovadia | New York | Brooklyn | Syrian | 1922 East 8th Street | ||
Bnei Shelomo V'Yaffa | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Eliezer Zeytouneh | Syrian – Shami | 1305 Gravesend Neck Road |
Bnei Yehuda Congregation | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yohai Cohen | Syrian – Qamishli | 2296 Coney Island Avenue | |
Congregation Bnei Yitzhak | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Joey Mizrahi | Syrian | 730 Avenue S, Bneiyitzhakweb.org | |
The Edmond J Safra Synagogue | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Eli Mansour | Syrian | 1801 Ocean Parkway, ejss.org |
Congregation Beit Edmond | ![]() |
New York | Manhattan | Rabbi Shlomo Farhi | Syrian | 11 East 63rd Street, ejsny.org |
Emek Hatorah Congregation | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Syrian, Sephardic Haredim | 1781 Ocean Parkway, EmekHatorah.com | |
Congregation Har HaLebanon | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi David Jemal, Rabbi Clem Harari, Rabbi Yaakov Mizrahi | Lebanese/Shami | 820 Avenue S |
Hayim Shaal Congregation | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Mordechai Maslaton | Syrian | 1123 Avenue N | |
Congregation Mishkan Torah | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Eli Cohen | Syrian | 718 Avenue S | |
Kehilat Bnei Yaakov | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yaakov Farhi | Syrian | 630 Avenue S |
Kehilat Derech Yeshara | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Avraham Benhamu | Syrian | 1784 E 17th St, Brooklyn, NY 11229, [1] | |
Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun Sephardic Minyan | New York | Manhattan | Rabbi Meyer Laniado | Syrian | 125 East 85th Street, [2] | |
Keter Sion Torah Center | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Max Maslaton | Sephardic Haredim | 1914 East 8th Street, Ketersion.com | |
Keter Torah Congregation | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Moshe Harari Raful | Sephardic Haredim | 2220 Avenue L | |
Kol Israel Congregation | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Tawil, Rabbi Shweky, Rabbi Zabulani | Syrian | 3211 Bedford Avenue, Kolisrael.org | |
Congregation Kol Yaakov | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi David Mansour | Lebanese | 1703 McDonald Avenue | |
Kollel Ohel Moshe | New York | Brooklyn | Moroccan | 1848 East 7th Street | ||
Madison Torah Center | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Danny Tawil | Syrian | 2221 Avenue R | |
Magen Abraham | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Duvi Ben Soussan | Syrian – Shami | 2066 East 9th Street, mabshul.com | |
Magen David Synagogue of Manhattan | New York | Manhattan | Rabbi Maimon Maman | Syrian | 177 Sullivan Street, MagenDavidNY.org | |
Magen David of Scarsdale | New York | Scarsdale | Syrian | 1225 Weaver Street, MagenDavidScarsdale.org | ||
Magen David Synagogue of Staten Island | New York | Staten Island | Syrian | 192 Braisted Avenue | ||
Magen David Synagogue | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Joey Haber, Rabbi Ezra Cohen Saban | Syrian | 2130 McDonald Avenue, Magendavidsynagogue.org | |
Manhattan East Synagogue | New York | Manhattan | Syrian | 1231 3rd Avenue, Mesny.org | ||
Manhattan Sephardic Congregation | New York | Manhattan | Rabbi Raphael Benchimol | 325 East 75th Street, Sepharad.org | ||
Midrash Moshe ben Maimon Congregation | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yair Alfieh | Syrian – Shami | 59 Gravesend Neck Road | |
Mill Basin Sephardic Congregation | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yirmi Levy | Syrian | 2133 East 64th Street, MillBasinsc.com | |
Mishkan Yerushalaim | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yehoshua Alfieh | Syrian – Shami | 520 Avenue X | |
Mikdash Eliyahu Synagogue | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Avi Harari, | Syrian | 2145 East 2nd Street, Mikdasheliyahu.org | |
Mikdash Melech | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Chaim Benoliel, Rabbi Beyda | Syrian | 1326 Ocean Parkway | |
The Ohel Moshe Synagogue Synagogue | New York | Manhattan | Syrian | 130 East 82nd Street, MoiseSafraCenter.org/the-Ohel-Moshe-Synagogue | ||
Netivot Israel Congregation | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Gad Bouskila | Moroccan | 1617 Ocean Parkway |
Ohel David & Shlomo – Torath Israel Sephardic Congregation | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Abe Faur | Syrian | 710 Shore Boulevard, Ohelds.com | |
Congregation Ohr Eliyahu | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi David Khasky | Syrian | 702 Avenue O | |
Congregation Ohel Moshe | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Moshe Levy | Syrian | 1601 Avenue P | |
Persian Congregation of Flatbush | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Shmuel Soleimani | Persian | 1434 Ocean Parkway | |
Sephardic Congregation of the Five Towns | New York | Cedarhurst | Rabbi Mordechai Ben-Haim | Syrian | 539 Oakland Avenue, ShaareEmunah.org | |
Sephardic Jewish Center of Forest Hills | New York | Queens | Syrian | 6767 108th Street | ||
Shaare Congregation KGH | New York | Queens | Syrian | 141-41 72nd Avenue | ||
Sephardic Lebanese Congregation | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Eliyahu Elbaz
Rabbi Abraham Hayoun |
Lebanese/Shami | 805 Avenue T, Slcshul.com |
Sephardic Institute Synagogue | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Moshe Shamah, Rabbi Ronald Barry | Syrian | 511 Avenue R, Judaic.org | |
Sephardic Torah Center of Marine Park | New York | Brooklyn | Syrian | 3602 Quentin Road | ||
Congregation Shaare Rahamim | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Shlomo Churba | Syrian | 1244 East 7th Street | |
Shaare Zion of Great Neck | New York | Great Neck | Persian | 25 Devon Road | ||
Shaare Zion of Hollis Hills | New York | Queens | Syrian | 80-02 209th Street HollisHillsMikveh.com | ||
Congregation Shaare Shalom | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Syrian, Egyptian | 2021 Avenue S, Shaareshalom.com | |
Shevet Achim Congregation | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yosheyahu Shammah, Rabbi Yosef Hamra | Syrian – Shami | 708 Avenue T |
Shevet Achim Youth Congregation | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Yosheyahu Shammah | Syrian – Shami | 706 Avenue T |
Shuva Israel | New York | Brooklyn | Persian | 2015 Avenue R | ||
Tiferet Shaul Congregation | ![]() |
New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Michael Haber, Rabbi Moshe Haber | Syrian | 1747 East 2nd Street, tiferetshaul.com |
West Side Sephardic Synagogue | New York | Manhattan | Syrian | 120 West 76th Street, wsssynagogue.com | ||
Yad Yosef Torah Center | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi David Ozeri, Rabbi David Sutton | Syrian | 1032 Ocean Parkway, yadyosef.org | |
Congregation Yam Hatorah | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Isaac Mohadeb | Syrian | 1573 East 10th Street | |
YDE Synagogue | New York | Brooklyn | Rabbi Ralph Gindi | Syrian – Shami | 2533 Coney Island Avenue, ydeschool.org |
New Jersey
[edit]The New Jersey community is mainly based in Monmouth County, especially Deal, Elberon, Long Branch, Oakhurst and Bradley Beach. The community largely consists of people who reside there during the summer months, though some live there permanently, especially in the more inland regions of Eatontown, Oakhurst and West Deal. Hillel Yeshiva, located in Ocean Township, is a notable private school that is popular among the youth of year-round residents in the Deal area.
Name | Image | State | City | Clergy | Culture | Address, Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bet Rachel | New Jersey | West Long Branch | Rabbi David Tawil | Syrian | 48 Larchwood Avenue | |
Edmond J. Safra Synagogue of Deal | Joseph S. Jemal synagogue (an extension of the Hathaway shul) | New Jersey | Deal | Rabbi Isaac Farhi | Syrian | 75 Hathaway Avenue, Safrashulnj.org |
Sephardic Center of Fair Lawn | New Jersey | Fair Lawn | Syrian | 40-34 Terhune Place | ||
Sephardic Congregation of Fort Lee | New Jersey | Fort Lee | Syrian | 313 Tom Hunter Road SephardicFortLee.org | ||
Sephardic Congregation of Paramus | New Jersey | Paramus | Syrian | 140 Arnot Place SCOParamus.org | ||
Logan Road Synagogue | New Jersey | Ocean Township | Rabbi Sion Ozeri | Syrian | 1200 Roseld Avenue | |
Magen David of West Deal | New Jersey | West Deal | Rabbi Saul J. Kassin, Rabbi Albert Setton, Rabbi Joseph Dana | Syrian | 395 Deal Road, Westdealshul.org | |
Shaarei Orah | New Jersey | Teaneck | Syrian | 1425 Essex Road SephardicTeaneck.org | ||
Magen David Congregation | New Jersey | Bradley Beach | Syrian | 101 5th Avenue | ||
Synagogue of Deal | ![]() |
New Jersey | Deal | Rabbi Edmond Nahum
Rabbi David Ozeri Rabbi Meyer Yedid |
Syrian | 128 Norwood Avenue, DealShul.org |
Synagogue of Oakhurst | New Jersey | Oakhurst | Rabbi Jack Mevorah | Syrian | 280 South Lincoln Avenue | |
Ohel Simha | New Jersey | Long Branch | Rabbi Shemuel Choueka | Syrian | 295 Park Avenue, Ohelsimha.com | |
Ohel Yaacob | New Jersey | Deal | Rabbi Moshe Malka, Rabbi Eli Mansour | Syrian | 4 Lawrence Avenue, Ohelyaacob.com | |
Ahabah Ve Ahva | New Jersey | Deal | Rabbi Michael Haber, Rabbi Joey Haber | Egyptian | 108 Norwood Avenue, Hechalshaul.weebly.com | |
Shaare Ezra | New Jersey | Long Branch | Rabbi David Nahem | Syrian | 36 Cedar Avenue, Cedaraveshul.org | |
Ohel Yis'hak Sephardic Synagogue | New Jersey | Allenhurst | Rabbi Moshe Shamah | Syrian | 108 Allen Avenue | |
Magen Avraham | New Jersey | West Long Branch | Rabbi Reuven Semah | Syrian | 479 Monmouth Road, wlbshul.com | |
Shaare Tefilah Bnei Moshe | New Jersey | Eatontown | Rabbi Moshe Douek, Rabbi Norman Cohen | Syrian | 20 Whalepond Road, Eatontownshul.com |
Florida
[edit]South Florida serves as a winter retreat for many Syrian Jews from Brooklyn and the New York metropolitan area. The majority spend the winter season in the opulent gated community of Turnberry Isle and the surrounding communities, located within the City of Aventura. There they live according to the Jewish and Sephardic traditions of benefiting the community by studying Torah, prayer, and performing acts of kindness.
Name | Image | State | City | Clergy | Culture | Address, Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beit Rambam | Florida | Sunny Isles Beach | Syrian | 17700 Collins Avenue BeitRambam.org | ||
Bukharian Sephardic Jewish Center | Florida | Miami Beach | Syrian | 4016 Royal Palm Drive | ||
Congregation Magen David of North Miami Beach | Florida | North Miami Beach | Syrian | 17100 NE 6th Avenue MagenDavidNMB.com | ||
Edmond J. Safra Synagogue of Turnberry | Florida | Aventura | Rabbi Galimidi | Syrian | 19275 Mystic Pointe Drive, Safraflorida.com | |
Hechal Shalom Sephardic Shul | Florida | Surfside | Syrian | 310 95th Street HechalShalom.org | ||
Magen David Congregation | Florida | Surfside | Syrian | 9348 Harding Avenue MagenDavidCongregation.com | ||
Sephardic Center Kollel | Florida | Surfside | Syrian | 9524 Abbott Avenue, Sephardic-Center.org | ||
Shaare Tzion Sephardic Synagogue | Florida | Sunny Isles Beach | Syrian | 242-256 174th Street | ||
Shaare Ezra Sephardic Congregation | Florida | Miami Beach | Rabbi Sova | Syrian | 945 W 41st Street, ShaareEzra.com | |
Nahar Shalom | Florida | Fort Lauderdale | Rabbi David Botton | Syrian, Egyptian | 3489 Griffin Rd, NaharShalom.com | |
Temple Moses Sephardic Congregation | Florida | Miami Beach | Syrian | 1200 Normandy Drive TempleMoses.com |
California
[edit]Name | Image | State | City | Clergy | Culture | Address, Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Young Sephardic Community Center
(YSCC) |
California | Los Angeles | Rabbi Daniel Cavalier | Syrian, Moroccan | 9051 W. Pico Boulevard, YSCCLA.com | |
Congregation Magen David | California | Beverly Hills | Rabbi Benzion Benshimon | Syrian, Persian | 322 North Foothill Road, MagenDavid.org |
Michigan
[edit]Name | Image | State | City | Clergy | Culture | Address, Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Keter Torah Synagogue | Michigan | West Bloomfield Township | Rabbi Sasson | Syrian, Mountain Jewish | 5480 Orchard Lake Road, RabbiSasson/Keter |
Pennsylvania
[edit]Name | Image | State | City | Clergy | Culture | Address, Website |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beit Harambam Congregation | Pennsylvania | Philadelphia | Rabbi Amiram Gabay Rabbi Moshe Haim Arbiv |
Israeli | 9981 Verree Road |
References
[edit]- ^ Chafets, Zev (October 14, 2007). "The Sy Empire". The New York Times. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
- ^ Roffé, Sarina (2007). "The Jews of Aleppo". Archived from the original on December 12, 2016. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
- ^ "Rabbis/Hazzanim". shaarezionny.com. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
- ^ "Overview". shaarezionny.com. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
- ^ "Jewish Image". imageusa.com/. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
- ^ "Community Magazine". communitym.com. Retrieved January 20, 2017.