Костен друг
| Костен друг | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Обзор | |
| Производитель | Costin Automotive Racing Products Ltd. |
| Производство | 1970–1972 |
| Дизайнер | Фрэнк Костин |
| Тело и шасси | |
| Сорт | Спортивный автомобиль |
| Стиль тела | 2 от купе |
| Макет | F/r |
| Трансмиссия | |
| Двигатель | 1975 куб . |
| Передача инфекции | 4-ступенчатое руководство с перегрузкой |
| Размеры | |
| Колесная база | 2448 мм (96,4 дюйма) |
| Длина | 4140 мм (163,0 дюйма) |
| Ширина | 1677 мм (66,0 дюймов) |
| Высота | 1067 мм (42,0 дюйма) |
| Сгибать вес | 658 кг (1451 фунт) |
Costin Amigo - это легкий спортивный автомобиль, построенный в Великобритании с 1970 по 1972 год. [ 1 ] Amigo был разработан Фрэнк Костин и построен Costin Automotive Racing Products Ltd. Компания автомобиля сделано из древесины и фанеры.
История
[ редактировать ]Фрэнк Костин был инженером, который начал свою карьеру в авиационном дизайне, а затем переехал в автомобили и автомобильные гонки. Считается, что он был одним из выдающихся аэродинамиков своего времени. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] В личной истории Costin в области автомобильных дизайнов Amigo был автоматический проект XVIII. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Название было выбрано для обозначения автомобиля, которая была бы удобной для водителей. [ 6 ]
Цели, поставленные Costin для Amigo, включали возможность круиза на стабильную 100 миль в час (161 км/ч) с скоростью двигателя ниже 5000 об/мин, возможность покрыть 250 миль (400 км) без утомительного водителя или остановки для топлива для топлива. при переносе достаточного багажа для поездки и скорости расхода топлива 30 миль на галлон (9,4 л/100 км; 25,0 миль на галлон - US ). [ 1 ]
Проект был запущен в 1968 году, в то время как Костин все еще базировался в Северном Уэльсе. Впоследствии он переехал в Литтл Стотон , Бедфордшир , и, наконец, в место возле Лутона , где у Воксхолла была большая фабрика. [ 7 ] Автомобиль был официально объявлен в декабре 1970 года. [ 8 ]
Производство прототипа финансировалось исполнительным директором телевизионной индустрии Джеком Виггинсом. [ 9 ] Дополнительная поддержка была предоставлена Полом Пикрофтом де Ферранти. [ 4 ]
Цена продажи Amigo была установлена на уровне 3326 фунтов стерлингов. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 1 ]
Некоторые источники говорят, что только восемь автомобилей были построены, [ 4 ] в то время как другие говорят, что общее количество было девять. [ 3 ] [ 12 ] Один из них сообщает в общей сложности девять с двумя автомобилями, оставшимися неполными, когда производство закончилось, один из тех, кто позже завершился в 1979 году. [ 13 ]
Функции
[ редактировать ]Шасси и тело
[ редактировать ]Шасси автомобиля описывается как деревянная монокок . [ 8 ] [ 1 ] Это была не первая такая структура, спроектированная и построенная Costin. В 1959 году он заключил партнерские отношения с Джем Маршем , чтобы запустить Marcos Engineering и произвести Timber Chassis Marcos GT Xylon, дебютирующее в 1959 году. В 1965 году был запущен спортивный гонщик Costin-Nathan, финансируемый Роджером Натаном. [14] And in 1967 the Costin-Harris Protos open wheel car started to be raced by Ron Harris Racing in Formula Two (F2) events, as well as one appearance in Formula One (F1) at the 1967 German Grand Prix joint F1/F2 event at the Nürburgring.[15][16]
The Amigo's chassis is made up of six interconnected torsion boxes. Three longitudinal boxes form the car's center tunnel and left and right sill boxes, and three lateral boxes define the engine compartment, cockpit, and boot and rear suspension bay.[17][2] The underside of the car is enclosed with the exception of some service openings. The chassis is made of gaboon plywood.[11][1] Parana pine replaces the Sitka spruce used by Costin on the earlier Marcos structure for jointing strips and local reinforcements.[8] The wooden components are bonded with Aerolite adhesive from Ciba.[8][2]
The completed chassis weighs 187 lb (84.8 kg). Torsional stiffness is 3,500 foot-pounds (4,750 N⋅m) per degree of twist.[8] Rollover protection is provided by a triangulated steel tube attached to the double-boxed rear bulkhead.
The fiberglass body is bonded to the chassis with an Araldite adhesive, but is not structural.[8] Its shape includes a reverse or reflex camber line like the one Costin had used in his aerodynamic refinements of the body of the original Lotus Elite. This contributes to aerodynamic stability at speed, although it is said to be detrimental to the same when in traffic.[18][10]
An unusual feature on some cars is a fin-like pylon that is attached just ahead of the trailing edge of the roof and is topped by a small red lamp.[2][19][5]
Costin's focus on aerodynamic efficiency meant that even items like the external mirrors were subject to rigorous scrutiny.[18][2] The car's drag coefficient () is 0.29.[9][13]
Running gear
[edit]Much of the car's running gear is sourced from Vauxhall, with many parts coming from the VX 4/90 in particular.
The front suspension includes the crossmember from a Vauxhall Victor along with the Vauxhall's front suspension of upper and lower wishbones and coil springs.[12] Custom trailing arms of Costin's design were added.[2] The rear suspension employs a Vauxhall Victor live axle with leading arms, coil springs, and a Panhard rod.[1][12] The damper units are special self-leveling Koni pieces, that were only otherwise made available to Ferrari.[1][5]
Brakes are the same front disc and rear drum assemblies used on the Vauxhall.[2]
Power train
[edit]Motive power comes from a 2.0 L Vauxhall Slant-4 engine.[12][20] Some references mention a 2.3 L version of the same engine.[11][7] The larger engine does not appear to have been used except in modified cars. The engine is paired with a four-speed manual transmission also from Vauxhall, augmented by a de Normanville overdrive manufactured by Laycock Engineering.[8]
A limited-slip differential was substituted for the original Vauxhall unit.[1][2]
Performance
[edit]The car is reported to be capable of a top speed in the range of 127–137 mph (204–220 km/h), and able to accelerate from 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) in from 7.1 to 7.5 seconds.[7][12][4]
Technical data
[edit]| Costin Amigo: | Detail: |
|---|---|
| Engine: | Front-mounted Inline four engine |
| Displacement: | 1,975 cc (120.5 cu in) |
| Bore × Stroke: | 95.25 mm × 69.24 mm (3.75 in × 2.73 in) |
| Maximum power: | 106 hp (79.0 kW) at 5800 rpm |
| Maximum torque: | 115 ft⋅lb (155.9 N⋅m) at 3200 rpm |
| Compression ratio: | 8.5:1 |
| Valvetrain: | Single overhead camshaft (SOHC), 2 valves per cylinder |
| Induction: | Naturally aspirated |
| Cooling: | Water |
| Transmission: | 4-speed manual with overdrive |
| Steering: | Rack and pinion. 3.5 turns lock-to-lock |
| Brakes f/r: | Disc/drum |
| Suspension front: | Upper and lower wishbones with custom trailing links. Coil springs and self-leveling Koni dampers. Anti-roll bar |
| Suspension rear: | Live axle with leading arms and Panhard rod. Coil springs and self-leveling Koni dampers |
| Body/Chassis: | Glass reinforced plastic (GRP) body. Wooden chassis |
| Track f/r: | 1,372 / 1,372 mm (54.0 / 54.0 in) |
| Weight distribution % f/r: | 49.1/50.9 |
| Wheelbase: | 2,448 mm (96.4 in) |
| Fuel capacity: | 39 L (8.6 imp gal; 10.3 US gal) |
| Tires f/r: | 70 HR 13 / 70 HR 13 |
| Length Width Height: |
4,140 mm (163.0 in) 1,677 mm (66.0 in) 1,067 mm (42.0 in) |
| Weight: | 658 kg (1,450.6 lb) |
Motorsports
[edit]Amigo chassis number 060 appeared in the 3 Hours of Le Mans in 1971. The car was powered by a Lotus-Ford Twin Cam engine tuned by Brian Hart. Hart was also the driver, and was partnered with Paul Pycroft de Ferranti, although Pycroft never took the wheel. The car did not finish.[21]
With its Hart-tuned Lotus-Ford engine the car was capable of a top speed in excess of 147 mph (237 km/h), and was able to reach 60 mph (100 km/h) from a standing start in 5.5 seconds.[4]
Driven by Gerry Marshall, chassis 060 won at Thruxton Circuit the same year.[3][22] At this point the car had a 2.3 L slant four tuned by Bill Blydenstein to Dealer Team Vauxhall (DTV) specifications.[3][23] The car was later completely rebuilt by Blydenstein, with a freshened dry sump 2.3 litre engine, a 5-speed ZF transmission and dual circuit brakes.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Marriott, Andrew (January 1972). "Frank Costin and his Amigo". Motor Sport. pp. 40–41.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Ortenburger, Dennis (Summer 1998). "The Amigo" (PDF). Moss Motoring. pp. 14, 15.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "1970 Costin Amigo — Lot No.: 164". Silverstone Auctions. 23 July 2011. Archived from the original on 26 July 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Lawrence, Mike (September 1984). "The Cars of Frank Costin". Motor Sport. pp. 35–40.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Balalin, Kirill (10 July 2017). "Aritusama › Blog › Конструктор Фрэнк Костин, ирландский спорткар TMC Costin и начало истории Panoz" [Aritusama › Blog › Constructed by Frank Costin, Irish sports car TMC Costin and the beginning of Panoz history]. drive2.com (in Russian).
- ^ Osborne, Phil (13 December 2015). "A–Z of Car Stuff: BP is for British Plastic — Part 1".
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Georgano, Nick, ed. (2001). "Costin (GB)". The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile — A–F. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. pp. 338–339. ISBN 1-57958-293-1.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Baker, Alan (20 January 1972). "Return of the wooden motor car". New Scientist. pp. 159–161.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Heseltine, Richard (24 May 2018). "Frank Costin: reluctant hero behind the greatest sports cars". auto classics.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Contemporaries and Peers 2: Frank Costin". Colin Chapman Archive and Resource. August 2011.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Georgano, G. N., ed. (1982). "Costin (GB)". The New Encyclopedia of Motorcars — 1885 to the Present. New York: E. P. Dutton. p. 160. ISBN 0-525-93254-2.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Lawrence, Mike (7 October 1996). "Costin (GB)". A to Z of Sports Cars, 1945-1990. Motorbooks. pp. 181–182. ISBN 978-1870979818.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Bill McElwee's Costin Amigo". February 1990. Archived from the original on 7 February 2013.
- ^ Melissen, Wouter (1 December 2004). "Costin-Nathan GT". Ultimatecarpage.com.
- ^ "Protos' sleek aerodynamics and wooden monocoque!". en.f1i.com. 14 December 2017.
- ^ Φωτσεινός, 'Αγγελος (5 August 2016). "Protos F2 (1967): the 'wooden' single-seater". pitlane.gr.
- ^ Setright, L. J. K. (1976). The Designers. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. pp. 60–64. ISBN 0-297-77050-0.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Frank Costin (1920 - 1995)". Unique Cars and Parts.
- ^ "Related Marques". Unofficial Marcos Homepage. 2 February 2007.
- ^ "Specs 1971 Costin Amigo VS (man. 5)".
- ^ "Complete Archive of Costin Amigo". Racing Sports Cars.
- ^ "Around the Houses, July 2011 — Silverstone Auctions". Motor Sport. July 2011. p. 127.
- ^ Richards, Dave (April 2006). "Marshall lore". Motor Sport. pp. 30–37.
Further reading
[edit]- Chapman, Giles (2001). Fast Cars. Sutton Publishing. ISBN 0-7509-3508-1.
- Ortenburger, Dennis (1 January 1986). Flying on four wheels: Frank Costin and his car designs. P. Stephens. ISBN 978-0850597707.
- Blain, Doug (February 1972). "Costin Amigo: The tree-wood car's comeback". CAR. p. 30.
- "New Cars: Costin Amigo — A race-bred road GT". Autosport. 24 September 1970. pp. 22, 23.
- Fraser, Ian (August 1972). "Costin Amigo". Sports Car World. p. 32.
- Chapman, Giles (20 April 2009). "Costin Amigo". Illustrated Encyclopedia of Extraordinary Automobiles. DK Publishing. pp. 266–267. ISBN 978-0756649807.
- Heseltine, Richard (August 2011). "Friendly flier". Classic Cars.