Ричард Родни Блай

Сэр Ричард Родни Блай
Сэр Ричард Родни Блай
Рожденный	bap. 8 November 1737; Gosport, Hampshire
Died	30 April 1821; Bell Vue, near Southampton, Hampshire
Allegiance	Kingdom of Great Britain; United Kingdom
Service/branch	Royal Navy
Years of service	1750–1821
Rank	Admiral
Commands	HMS Virgin; HMS Camel; HMS Nemesis; HMS Asia; HMS Excellent; HMS Alexander; Jamaica Station; Leith Station;
Battles/wars	Relief of Gibraltar
Awards	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Relations	George Miller Bligh (son); John Bligh (nephew); William Bligh (third cousin)

Адмирал сэр Ричард Родни Блай , GCB ( бап. 8 ноября 1737 - 30 апреля 1821 года) был офицером Королевского флота . Он видел службу во время Американской войны за независимость , а также французских революционных и наполеоновских войн , в конечном итоге поднявшись до звания адмирала. Он служил главнокомандующим, станцией Ямайки и главнокомандующим Лейтом .

Семья и ранняя жизнь

Блай родился в военно -морской семье, вероятно, в 1737 году, так как он был крещен 8 ноября 1737 года в церкви Святой Тринити, Госпорт . Его крестным отцом был капитан Джордж Брайджес Родни , который позже выиграл славу во время Американской войны за независимость, поднимаясь до звания адмирала. Отец Блага был Ричард Блай, лейтенант во флоте, в то время как Уильям Блай , более поздняя слава HMS , был третьим двоюродным братом. ^{[ 2 ]}^{[ 3 ]} Младший Ричард также начал военно-морскую карьеру, присоединившись в 1750 году на корабле Родни, с 44-пулором HMS радугу . К 1756 году он поднялся на мичмана и служил на борту 90-пулочных HMS Ramillies , а затем развел флаг адмирала сэра Джона Бинга . Блай увидел действие на неудачной попытке BYNG облегчить Миноку , после чего он был заказан лейтенантом 30 сентября 1757 года на борту 24-ожога HMS соловэля . ^[3] He remained with the fleet of his patron Rodney, whom he accompanied to the West Indies.^[3] Rodney duly appointed him Master and Commander of the sloop HMS Virgin on 22 October 1762. He carried out various cruises aboard her against enemy privateers.^[4] He followed this by being made post-captain aboard HMS Camel on 6 December 1777. In January 1780 he commissioned the newly built HMS Nemesis. By 1782 he was in command of the 64-gun HMS Asia during the Relief of Gibraltar by Admiral Richard Howe.^[5]

Command

On the outbreak of war with Revolutionary France, Bligh was initially commissioned to command the 74-gun HMS Excellent before being moved to HMS Alexander in 1794.^[6] He was present during the events around the Glorious First of June as part of the attached squadron under George Montagu, but did not actively participate in the engagement. By late 1794 the Alexander and the Canada had been assigned to escort a convoy from England to Cape St Vincent. While the two warships were returning they were spotted by a French squadron under Joseph-Marie Nielly, consisting of five 74 gun ships of the line, three large frigates and a brig.^[3]^[6] Outnumbered the British ships attempted to escape, but began to be overhauled by the French. Bligh eventually turned and engaged the French, allowing Canada to escape.^[3]^[6] After an unequal engagement during which Alexander was reduced to a sinking condition, Bligh struck his colours.^[3] The French took possession of Alexander, but owing to the damage both they and their prize had sustained, were compelled to abandon their cruise and return to port, thus allowing several approaching British convoys to reach port unhindered.^[6]

Flag rank

Bligh was taken as a prisoner of war, but unknown to him he had been promoted to the rank of rear-admiral of the blue on 23 October 1794.^[3] He was eventually exchanged and returned to England in May 1795, where he faced the customary court-martial for the loss of his ship. He was honourably acquitted, and allowed to take up a position under Sir Peter Parker.^[7] He was then appointed as second-in-command to Sir Henry Harvey, then commander in the Windward Islands, with Bligh flying his flag aboard the 74-gun HMS Brunswick. Bligh arrived on station in September, but was then given new orders from Sir Hyde Parker, instructing him to go to the Jamaica Station and take command until Parker arrived the following month.^[7]^[8]

Bligh remained as Parker's second, being promoted to vice-admiral on 14 February 1799.^[5] Bligh however incurred the wrath of Parker when, following a major mutiny, he granted pardons to two members of the crew^[9] of HMS Hermione and recommended mercy for a third. Acting against regulations Parker forced Bligh to resign his command and return to Britain in the summer of 1799.^[5] In late 1803 Bligh was made Commander-in-Chief at Leith, and on the Coast of Scotland, serving under Lord Keith, before being promoted to the rank of Admiral of the Blue on 23 April 1804.^[5]^[7] He then resigned and retired from active service.^[5]

Family and later life

Bligh married Ann Worsley, daughter of Sir Edward Worsley in 1765. They had one son, George Miller Bligh, who went on to become a captain in the Navy. The couple also had four daughters, two of whom married naval officers, and three of whom went on to have children who became naval officers.^[5] Ann died in 1797, Richard remarrying on 28 June 1800. He was appointed a GCB on 16 May 1820, and died on 30 April 1821 at his home, Bell Vue, near Southampton, Hampshire.^[5]

Notes

^ "Bligh, Sir Richard Rodney - Sotonopedia".
^ Darby, Madge. "Bligh, Sir Richard Rodney (1737–1821)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2648. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.). The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource: Laughton, John Knox (1885–1900). "Bligh, Richard Rodney" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Tracy. Who's who in Nelson's Navy. p. 43.
^ The Naval Chronicle. p. 425.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Tracy. Who's who in Nelson's Navy. p. 44.
^ Подпрыгнуть до: ^а ^{беременный} ^в ^{дюймовый} Военно -морская хроника . п. 426.
^ Подпрыгнуть до: ^а ^{беременный} ^в Военно -морская хроника . п. 429.
^ Cundall, p. XX
^ Два члена экипажа помиловали Блай, были пожилым слугой капитана и его двенадцатилетнего сына - мальчика корабля на Гермионе. Ни один из них не участвовал в мятеже, и Блай пришел к выводу, что они не могли бы разумно ожидать, что они выступили против вооруженных мятежников.

Ссылки

Кундалл, Фрэнк (1915). Историческая Ямайка . Комитет по Западной Индии.
Трейси, Николас (2006). Кто есть кто во флоте Нельсона: 200 военно -морских героев . Лондон: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 1-86176-244-5 .
Военно -морская хроника . Тол. 13. J. Gold. 1805.

Военные офисы
Предшествует Уильям Паркер	Главный командир, Ямайская станция 1796	Преуспевает Сэр Хайд Паркер

[1] "Bligh, Sir Richard Rodney - Sotonopedia".

[ODNB-2] Darby, Madge. "Bligh, Sir Richard Rodney (1737–1821)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2648. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.). The first edition of this text is available at Wikisource: Laughton, John Knox (1885–1900). "Bligh, Richard Rodney" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

[Tracy43-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Tracy. Who's who in Nelson's Navy. p. 43.

[NC425-4] The Naval Chronicle. p. 425.

[Tracy44-5] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Tracy. Who's who in Nelson's Navy. p. 44.

[NC426-6] Подпрыгнуть до: ^а ^{беременный} ^в ^{дюймовый} Военно -морская хроника . п. 426.

[NC429-7] Подпрыгнуть до: ^а ^{беременный} ^в Военно -морская хроника . п. 429.

[8] Cundall, p. XX

[9] Два члена экипажа помиловали Блай, были пожилым слугой капитана и его двенадцатилетнего сына - мальчика корабля на Гермионе. Ни один из них не участвовал в мятеже, и Блай пришел к выводу, что они не могли бы разумно ожидать, что они выступили против вооруженных мятежников.

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