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Zvornik

Coordinates: 44°23′3″N 19°6′9″E / 44.38417°N 19.10250°E / 44.38417; 19.10250
Zvornik
Зворник (Serbian)
City
Grad Zvornik
Град Зворник
City of Zvornik
Downtown Zvornik and Drina River
Downtown Zvornik and Drina River
Flag of Zvornik
Flag
Coat of arms of Zvornik
Coat of arms
Location of Zvornik within Bosnia and Hercegovina
Location of Zvornik within Bosnia and Hercegovina
Location of Zvornik
Coordinates: 44°23′3″N 19°6′9″E / 44.38417°N 19.10250°E / 44.38417; 19.10250
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
Entity Republika Srpska
Geographical regionPodrinje
Government
 • MayorBojan Ivanović (SNSD)
 • City376.14 km2 (145.23 sq mi)
Elevation
146 m (479 ft)
Population
 (2013 census)
 • Urban
12,674
 • City
58,856
 • City density160/km2 (410/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Area code56
Websitegradzvornik.org

Zvornik (Serbian Cyrillic: Зворник, pronounced [zʋɔ̌rniːk]) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2013, it had a population of 58,856 inhabitants.

The town of Mali Zvornik ("Little Zvornik") lies directly across the river in Serbia. Kula Grad, a village that is part of Zvornik municipality, has a Middle Age fort, Zvornik fortress, built in the 12th century.

History

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Zvornik is first mentioned in 1410, although it was known as Zvonik ("bell tower") at that time. The town's geographic location has made it an important trade link between Bosnia and the east. For instance, the main road connecting Sarajevo and Belgrade runs through the city. The medieval fort known as Kula grad was built in the early 7th century and still stands on the Mlađevac mountainous range overlooking the Drina Valley.

Ottoman rule

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During the Ottoman period, Zvornik was the capital of the Sanjak of Zvornik (an administrative region) within the Eyalet of Bosnia. This was primarily the case because of the city's crucial role in the economy and the strategic importance of the city's location. The Sanjak of Zvornik was one of six Ottoman sanjaks with most developed shipbuilding (besides the sanjaks of Vidin, Nicopolis, Požega, Smederevo and Mohač).[1] In 1806, Zvornik was home to Mehmed-beg Kulenović.[citation needed]

World War II

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Ustasha troops of the fascist Independent State of Croatia occupied Zvornik, along with most of Bosnia, in April 1941. The town was liberated in July 1943 by the 1st Proletarian Brigade during the Battle of Zvornik.[citation needed]

Bosnian war

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Main article: Zvornik massacre

During the Bosnian War (1992–1995) Zvornik's Bosniak population was expelled. The military attack of paramilitary groups that came from Serbia on Zvornik Bosniaks commenced on 8 April 1992.[2] During April 1992, many European news stations daily reported Serb armed attacks and mass killings of the Bosniak population of Zvornik and the surrounding villages.[3]

On 19 May 1992, combined JNA, Serb paramilitary and Arkan's Tigers took control of Zvornik and Mali Zvornik.[2] The suburbs of Karakaj and Čelopek were places of prisons where hundreds of local Bosniaks were killed. The remaining Bosniaks and non-Serbs were relegated to concentration camps and detention facilities throughout the area.[2] During the war Serb forces destroyed mosques in and around the city.[citation needed]

  • Zvornik Fortress
    Zvornik Fortress
  • Photograph of Stećci in Zvornik
    Photograph of Stećci in Zvornik
  • Zvornik in 1897
    Zvornik in 1897
  • Local policemen and US military personnel on their way to check a post-Dayton resettlement effort
    Local policemen and US military personnel on their way to check a post-Dayton resettlement effort

Settlements

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Aside from the city proper area of Zvornik, the municipality comprises the following settlements:

Zvornik municipality by population proportional to the settlement with the highest and lowest population
Cityscape of Zvornik
City assembly building

Demographics

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Population

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Population of settlements – Zvornik municipality
Settlement1879188518951910192119311948195319611971198119912013
Total27,46834,94938,98647,75647,23347,32650,01153,63960,91060,91073,84581,29558,856
1Androvići319291
2Boškovići583566
3Branjevo2,694
4Buložani241304
5Čelopek1,8961,801
6Cer426
7Đevanje340279
8Divič1,388637
9Donja Kamenica1,391974
10Donja Pilica1,3041,176
11Donji Lokanj1,4071,100
12Donji Šepak449379
13Dugi Dio342296
14Đulići1,043697
15Ekonomija1,366
16Glodi1,260759
17Glumina2,399993
18Gornja Kamenica1,609622
19Gornja Pilica1,104816
20Gornje Snagovo1,238842
21Gornji Grbavci939962
22Gornji Lokanj901658
23Gornji Šepak1,964895
24Grbavci Donji1,058363
25Jardan1,532563
26Jasenica950877
27Jošanica340
28Jusići500275
29Karakaj2,731
30Kiseljak580335
31Kitovnice621422
32Klisa617325
33Kostijerevo1,230506
34Kozluk3,0171,543
35Križevići2,3101,888
36Kučić Kula970366
37Kula Grad1,120571
38Liplje422
39Malešić736398
40Novo Selo1,262622
41Oraovac674
42Pađine560519
43Petkovci877329
44Potočani344229
45Roćević1,2351,220
46Samari230
47Šetići741489
48Srednji Šepak312
49Tabanci1,180848
50Trnovica1,033659
51Tršić2,0971,744
52Ugljari609345
53Ulice1,795
54Zelinje529397
55Zvornik4,3207,4835.4448,53812,14714,58412,674

Ethnic composition

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Ethnic composition – Zvornik city
1971198119912013
Total8,53812,14714,58412,674
Bosniaks5,736 (67.18%)6,686 (55.04%)8,854 (60.71%)
Serbs2,424 (28.39%)3,491 (28.74%)4,235 (29.04%)
Yugoslavs24 (0.281%)1,597 (13.15%)944 (6.473%)
Others141 (1.651%)72 (0.593%)475 (3.257%)
Croats83 (0.972%)66 (0.543%)76 (0.521%)
Roma49 (0.574%)135 (1.111%)
Albanians26 (0.305%)48 (0.395%)
Montenegrins27 (0.316%)35 (0.288%)
Slovenes16 (0.187%)7 (0.058%)
Macedonians3 (0.035%)6 (0.049%)
Hungarians9 (0.105%)4 (0.033%)
Ethnic composition – Zvornik municipality
1971198119912013
Total60,91073,84581,29558,856
Serbs27,769 (45.59%)30,064 (40.71%)30,863 (37.96%)38,579 (65.55%)
Bosniaks32,504 (53.36%)40,801 (55.,25%)48,102 (59.17%)19,855 (33.73%)
Others316 (0.519%)295 (0.399%)960 (1.181%)316 (0.537%)
Croats107 (0.176%)104 (0.141%)122 (0.150%)106 (0.180%)
Yugoslavs49 (0.080%)2,110 (2.857%)1,248 (1.535%)
Roma49 (0.080%)335 (0.454%)
Albanians31 (0.051%)58 (0.079%)
Montenegrins44 (0.072%)47 (0.064%)
Macedonians10 (0.016%)12 (0.016%)
Slovenes18 (0.030%)12 (0.016%)
Hungarians13 (0.021%)7 (0.009%)

Economy

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King Alexander I of Yugoslavia bridge
Zvornik Lake

The table shows the number of registered people employed in legal entities by their core activity in 2018:[4]

ActivityTotal
Agriculture, forestry and fishing80
Mining and quarrying19
Manufacturing3,176
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply186
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities173
Construction665
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles1,444
Transportation and storage603
Accommodation and food services415
Information and communication105
Financial and insurance activities103
Real estate activities12
Professional, scientific and technical activities114
Administrative and support service activities28
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security688
Education801
Human health and social work activities665
Arts, entertainment and recreation76
Other service activities126
Total9,479

Culture

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City museum and library
Church of Saint Petka
City stadium

The Cultural Summer of Zvornik (Zvorničko kulturno ljeto) is an annual event held in the first week of August, usually for six days. Its main objective is to become a traditional cultural event which will open the doors of Zvornik for recognized cultural values.

The festival was first held in August 2001 as a local event and has grown to be one of the biggest festivals in the Balkans.

In 2007, famous singers such as Neda Ukraden and Sandi Cenov participated, but in 2008 theis festival featured some of the most notable stars from former Yugoslavia, like Željko Joksimović, Hari Mata Hari, Van Gogh and Marinko Rokvić. There is also a regatta on the river Drina, a fun marathon and many cultural events and competitions during day and night.[5]

International co-operation

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Zvornik is twinned with:

Other friendships and cooperations, protocols, memorandums:

Sport

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The local football clubs, FK Drina Zvornik and ŽFK Drina Zvornik, play in the First League of the Republika Srpska.[8] Members of the First league of Republika Srpska also are volleyball and handball clubs Zvornik.

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  • Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991.
  1. ^ Godis̆njak grada Beograda. Beogradske novine. 1979. p. 35. Retrieved 7 September 2013 – via Google Books. Ипак градња бродова се посебно везивала за шест санџака: никопољски, видински, смедеревски, зворнички, пожешки и мохачки.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c UN report on Zvornik Archived 10 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ ""One of the biggest" mass graves found in Bosnia". BBC News. 8 October 1998. Retrieved 11 September 2016.
  4. ^ "Cities and Municipalities of Republika Srpska" (PDF). rzs.rs.ba. Republika Srspka Institute of Statistics. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
  5. ^ "Zvornik's summer – Turistička organizacija grada Zvornik". zvornikturizam.org. Turistička organizacija grada Zvornika. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  6. ^ "Zvornik odlučio da se pobratimi sa Sremskom Mitrovicom". Nadlanu (in Serbian). 30 September 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
  7. ^ "СПОРАЗУМ О САРАДЊИ ЗВОРНИКА И КОЉЧУГИНА | СРНА". www.srna.rs. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
  8. ^ First league of RS 2017/18
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zvornik.

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