21 см раствор 18
| 21 см раствор 18 | |
|---|---|
 Фронт Morser 18 Армейский музей армии США в Форт -Силл | |
| Тип | Тяжелый гаубиц |
| Место происхождения | Германия |
| История обслуживания | |
| В эксплуатации | 1939–45 |
| Используется | Нацистская Германия |
| Войны | Вторая мировая война |
| История производства | |
| Дизайнер | Крупп |
| Designed | 1933 |
| Manufacturer | Krupp |
| Produced | 1939–45 |
| No. built | 711+ |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 16,700 kg (36,817 lbs) |
| Barrel length | 6.51 m (21 ft 4 in) L/30 |
| Shell | separate-loading cased ammunition (6 charges) |
| Shell weight | 113 kg (249 lb) (HE) |
| Caliber | 211 mm (8.3 in)[1] |
| Breech | horizontal sliding-block |
| Recoil | dual-recoil hydro-pneumatic |
| Carriage | box trail |
| Elevation | -6° to +70° |
| Traverse | 16° on wheels 360° on platform |
| Muzzle velocity | 550–565 m/s (1,800–1,850 ft/s) |
| Effective firing range | 16,725 m (18,291 yd) |
( 21 см раствор 18 21 см 18), или 21 см раствор М. 18/L31 , [ 2 ] был немецким тяжелым гаубицом, использованным во второй мировой войне независимыми артиллерийскими батальонами и батареями . Число также использовалось прибрежными артиллерийскими подразделениями.
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The Mörser 18 was designed to replace the obsolescent World War I-era 21 cm Mörser 16. The gun design itself was not significantly different from its predecessor but the carriage was improved considerably. It was one of the first artillery pieces that incorporated a dual-recoil system.[3] Ствол, естественно, встал в его колыбели, и вся верхняя карета, которая держала ствол и его колыбель, также повторно по всей корпусе каретки. Эта система затухала силы отдачи и сделала для очень устойчивой платформы стрельбы. Эта перевозка также использовалась для 17 -сантиметрового канона 18 в Mörserlafette и 15 см Schnelladekanone C/28 в Mörserlafette .
The Mrs 18 was transported in two pieces, as was often the case for similarly-sized weapons. For travel the barrel was slid on to a separate trailer. The carriage carried an integral firing platform that was lowered to the ground when emplacing the howitzer. The wheels were then cranked up off the ground and it was now ready for firing. A rear castor-wheel jack was used to raise the rear spade off the ground if the gun needed to be traversed more than the 16° allowed by the mount proper.
The Mrs 18 entered production at a low rate in 1939 shortly before the war began. The Germans cancelled production in 1942 in lieu of its smaller brother, the 17 cm Kanone 18 in Mörserlafette, which could fire almost twice as far, but resumed production in 1943.
Beginning in 1942, the 21 cm M 18 was one of a pair of weapons to have been mounted on production Geschützwagen Tiger self-propelled guns. A prototype was under test at the end of the war and was captured by American forces.[2]
Service
[edit]![[икона]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2021) |
References
[edit]- ^ "Munition der 21 cm Geschosse". www.michaelhiske.de (in German). Retrieved 16 June 2024.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Engelmann, Joachim (1991). German heavy mortars. West Chester, PA: Schiffer. ISBN 088740-322-0.
- ^ Hogg, Ian V. (2013). German Artillery of World War Two (Paperback ed.). Barnsley, United Kingdom: Frontline Books. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-84832-725-2. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
Further reading
[edit]- Scheibert, Horst; Engelmann, Joachim (1974). Deutsche Artillerie 1934-1945: Eine Dokumentation in Text, Skizzen und Bildern: Ausrüstung, Gliederung, Ausbildung, Führung, Einsatz (in German). Limburg/Lahn, Germany: C. A. Starke.
- Hogg, Ian V. (2002). German artillery of World War II (New ed.). London: Greenhill. ISBN 1-85367-480-X.
