Seongjong of Choseon
| Seongjong of Choseon Династия Чонена Чезон Сынгу | |||||||||||||
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| Король Чосона | |||||||||||||
| Правление | 31 декабря 1469 - 20 января 1495 | ||||||||||||
| Вольон | Geunjeongjeon Hall, Gyeongbok Palace , Hanseong | ||||||||||||
| Предшественник | Еджонг | ||||||||||||
| Преемник | Yeonsangun | ||||||||||||
| Регент | Гранд Королевская Королева Варь Джазонг (1469–1476) | ||||||||||||
| Рожденный | 28 августа 1457 Jaseondang Hall, [ 1 ] Дворец Gyeongbok , Хансеонг , Челон | ||||||||||||
| Died | 29 January 1495 (aged 37) Daejojeon Hall, Changdeok Palace, Hanseong, Joseon | ||||||||||||
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| Clan | Jeonju Yi | ||||||||||||
| Dynasty | Yi | ||||||||||||
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| Religion | Korean Confucianism (Neo-Confucianism) | ||||||||||||
Seongjong ( корейский : 성종 ; Ханджа : Чанджонг имя Йи Хеол ( 이혈 ; Ли Ю ), был девятым монархом династии Ионена Кеа ; . 28 августа 1457 - 29 января 1495 г.), личное Он был известен как Большой принц Джалсан ( Джинсан ) Дай .
Биография
[ редактировать ]Ранний период жизни
[ редактировать ]Йи Хеол родился как второй сын наследного принца Йи Джанга и наследной принцессы Су из клана Чонджу Хан . Его отец, однако, умер через несколько месяцев после его рождения. [ 2 ] В 1461 году он был назван принцем Ясаном ( 자산군 ), который был изменен на принца Джалсана ( 잘산군 ) в 1468 году. [ 3 ]
В 1467 году он женился на Хане Сонг-Йи , младшей дочери Хан Мейонг-Хои . [ 2 ] Одной из старших сестер леди Хана была покойная Принцесса Джангсун , первая жена короля Йежонга .
Despite having an older brother and his uncle leaving behind a biological son, Jalsan was chosen as successor and was made the adopted son of King Yejong and his second wife, Queen Han (posthumously known as Queen Ansun).[2]
After he ascended to the throne, his biological father was honored with the temple name "Deokjong" (덕종; 德宗), while his mother became queen and was given the honorary name "Insu" (인수; 仁粹).
Reign
[edit]Since Seongjong was only 12 when he was crowned, his grandmother Grand Royal Queen Dowager Jaseong, ruled the nation along with his biological mother Queen Insu, and his aunt (and adoptive mother) Queen Dowager Inhye. In 1476, at the age of 19, he began to govern the country in his own name.[2]
After the death of his first wife in 1474, Seongjong decided to promote one of his concubines, Lady Yun, to the status of primary wife and queen. Lady Yun was later executed due to her attempts to poison other concubines and harm the King, and her execution would become a major reason behind the tyranny of Seongjong's successor, Yeonsangun of Joseon.
His reign was marked by the prosperity and growth of the economy, based on the laws laid down by Taejong, Sejong, and Sejo. He himself was a gifted ruler. In 1474, the Grand Code for State Administration, started by his grandfather, was completed and put into effect. Seongjong also ordered revisions and improvements to the code.
He greatly expanded the Office of Special Advisors (Hongmungwan; 홍문관, 弘文館), an advisory council to the king, which also served as royal library and research institute; he strengthened the Three Offices (Samsa; 삼사, 三司) – Office of the Inspector General (Saheonbu), Office of Censors (Saganwon) and Office of Special Advisors (Hongmungwan)– as a check and balance on the royal court. For the first time since Sejong the Great, Confucian scholars whose political views clashed with those of the conservative officials (members of the nobility who had helped Taejong and Sejo in their rise to power), were brought to court. By appointing able administrators regardless of their political views, Seongjong made his rule more effective and his policies resulted in many positive innovations, increasing his number of supporters. During Seongjong's reign, he also prohibited the construction of new monasteries and the ordination of new monks.[4]
The king himself was an artist and intellectual, and liked to argue about the finer points of politics with the more liberal scholars. He encouraged the publication of numerous books about geography and social etiquette, as well as areas of knowledge that benefited the common people.
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 성종 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Seongjong |
| McCune–Reischauer | Sŏngjong |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 이혈 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | I Hyeol |
| McCune–Reischauer | Yi Hyŏl |
| Courtesy name | |
| Hangul | 명조 / 평남 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Myeongjo / Pyeongnam |
| McCune–Reischauer | Myŏngcho / Pyŏngnam |
| Art name | |
| Hangul | 경신 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Gyeongsin |
| McCune–Reischauer | Kyŏngsin |
It was under Seongjong's reign that the "Widow Remarriage Ban" (1477) was enacted, which strengthened pre-existing social stigma against women who remarried by barring their sons from public office.[5] In 1489, Yi Gu-ji, a woman from the royal clan, committed suicide at his order and was erased from family records, when it was discovered that she had cohabited with her slave after being widowed.[6]
In 1491, Seongjong started a military campaign against the Jurchens on the northern border, like many of his predecessors. Led by General Heo Jong (허종; 許琮), the campaign was successful, and the defeated Jurchens commanded by Udige (兀狄哈) retreated to the north of Amrok River.
Death
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He died in January 1495 and is buried in the south of Seoul. The tomb is known as Seonneung (선릉) and 35 years later, his third wife, Queen Jeonghyeon, was also interred here. Seongjong was succeeded by his son, Crown Prince Yi Yung.
Family
[edit]- Biological father: King Deokjong of Joseon (조선 덕종; 1438 – 2 September 1457)
- Adoptive father: King Yejong of Joseon (조선 예종; 12 February 1450 – 31 December 1469)
- Biological mother: Queen Sohye of the Cheongju Han clan (소혜왕후 한씨; 7 October 1437 – 11 May 1504)
- Adoptive mother: Queen Ansun of the Cheongju Han clan (안순왕후 한씨; 18 April 1445 – 3 February 1499)
Consort(s) and their respective issue
- Queen Gonghye of the Cheongju Han clan (공혜왕후 한씨; 8 November 1456 – 30 April 1474)
- Deposed Queen Yun of the Haman Yun clan (폐비 윤씨; 15 July 1455 – 29 August 1482)
- Yi Hyo-shin (이효신; 1474–1475), first son
- Crown Prince Yi Yung (왕세자 이융; 2 December 1476 – 30 November 1506), second son
- Third son (1478–1479)
- Queen Jeonghyeon of the Papyeong Yun clan (정현왕후 윤씨; 21 July 1462 – 13 September 1530)
- Princess Sunsuk (순숙공주; 1478 – 20 August 1488), first daughter
- Princess Shinsuk (신숙공주; 1481 – 14 July 1486), sixth daughter
- Eighth daughter (1485-1486)
- Yi Yeok, Grand Prince Jinseong (진성대군 이역; 25 April 1488 – 9 December 1544), eleventh son
- Yi Yeon, Prince Euncheon (이연 은천군; 1490–1524), seventeenth son
- Fourteenth daughter (1490-1490)
- Royal Noble Consort Myeong of the Andong Kim clan (명빈 김씨; 1470 – ?)
- Princess Hwisuk (휘숙옹주; 1481 – ?), fourth daughter
- Yi Hap-hwan, Princess Gyeongsuk (경숙옹주 이합환; 19 September 1483 – ?), seventh daughter
- Yi Jong, Prince Musan (무산군 이종; 1490 – 20 August 1525), sixteenth son
- Princess Hwijeong (휘정옹주; 1489 – ?), twelfth daughter
- Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Yeongwol Eom clan (귀인 엄씨; ? – 1504)
- Princess Gongsin (공신옹주; 18 April 1481 – 13 March 1549), fifth daughter
- Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Chogye Jeong clan (귀인 정씨; 1457–1504)
- Yi Hang, Prince Anyang (안양군 이항; 1480–1505), fifth son
- Yi Bong, Prince Bongan (봉안군 이봉; 9 November 1482 – 15 July 1505), eighth son
- Yi Seung-bok, Princess Jeonghye (정혜옹주 이승복; 4 April 1490 – 22 September 1507), thirteenth daughter
- Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Andong Kwon clan (귀인 권씨; 1471–1500)
- Yi Byeon, Prince Jeonseong (전성군 이변; 1490–1505), fifteenth son
- Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Uiryeong Nam clan (귀인 남씨; 1467 – ?)
- Royal Consort So-ui of the Yi clan (소의 이씨)
- консорт Сук-Уи из Клана Хонг Неймьян Королевский
- Yi Su-ran, Princess Hyesuk (혜숙옹주; 6 September 1478 – 1550, second daughter
- Yi Su, Prince Wanwon (완원군 이수; 28 January 1481 – 7 December 1509), sixth son
- Yi Yeom, Prince Hoesan (회산군 이염; 2 January 1482–1512), seventh son
- Yi Don, Prince Gyeonseong (견성군 이돈; 1482 – 20 November 1507), ninth son
- Yi Bok-ran, Jeongsun принцесса
- Йи Хо, принц Икианг ( Иянг -Гун Ли ; 7 августа 1488 - 15 февраля), двенадцатый сын
- И Чим, принц Гинг (Gyeongmyeong -gun Lee Bok - ; 6 октября 1489 - 4 июля 1552 г.)
- Yi in, принц Унчон ( округ Uncheon ININ ; 13 Janoyal 1491 - 25 июня 1524 г.), восьмиесч сын
- Йи Хуи, принц Янвон ( Янвон -гун Ли Хи ; 1491 - 12 мая 1551 г.)
- принцесса Чонсук Yi Yeo-ran ,
- Намвон Королевский консорт Сук-Уи из клана Ха
- Yi Sun, принц Gyeseong ( Gyeseong -gun Yi скоро ; 1480–1504), четвертый сын
- Королевский консорт Сук-Уи из Чонга клана
- Королевский консорт Сук-Йонга из клана SIM-CLAN Cheongsong ( 숙용 심씨 ; 1465–1515))
- Yi Ok-Hwan, Princess Gyeongsun ( Gyeongsun ongju Lee Ok-Hwan ; 1482–1525),
- принцесса Сукхье Yi Byeok - Hwan ,
- принц Йизен И Гван ,
- Йи Чон, принц Йонгсан ( ранее, йонсан -гун ; 1490 - 11 июня 1538 г.), двадцатый сын
- Королевский консорт Сук-Йонг из клана Квона ( 숙용 권씨 ; 1473-?)
- Yi Gyeong-seok ( Dogseok ; 1486-?)
- Yi Jeong-Bok, принцесса Гёнхви ( Gyeonghui-Ju Lee Jung-Bok ; 1488-6 февраля), Одиннадцатая дочь
- Royal Consort Suk-Won of Yun Clan ( Sukwon Yoon ;?-1533)
- Неизвестный
- Принцесса Суксин ( Суксин Онгджу ; 1478-1487 или 1489)
Происхождение
[ редактировать ]| Предки Seongjong of Choseon |
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В популярной культуре
[ редактировать ]- Изображен Юн Сан-Хонг в фильме 1985 года Eoudong .
- Изображен Юн Ян-ха в фильме 1988 года « Дневник короля Йонсана» 1988 года .
- Изображен Хёном Суком в KBS сериале 1995 года Jang Nok Soo.
- Изображен Ли Джин-Ву в 1998–2000 гг сериале .
- Изображен Yoo Seung-Ho и Go Joo-Won в SBS сериале 2007–2008 годов The King и i .
- Изображаемый Чой Вон-Гонг и Бэк Сунг-Хён сериале 2011–2012 JTBC в гг .
- Изображен Чой Му-сун в MBC сериале 2017 года The Stebel .
- Изобрался Ким Чжонг-Хак в KBS2 сериале 2017 года в течение семи дней .
- Изобрано Сонг Геон-хи сериале 2023 MBC в года .
Смотрите также
[ редактировать ]Ссылки
[ редактировать ]- ^ В Восточном дворце (резиденция наследного принца).
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный в дюймовый «Наша история» . Содержание.history.go.kr . Получено 11 апреля 2022 года .
- ^ "ᄄ (成宗) " Энциклопедия корейской культуры 11 2022апреля
- ^ Пу, Нам Чул (март 2011 г.). «Личная вера в буддизм и его политического значения» Чосеона » (PDF) . Обзор корейских исследований . 14 (1): 49 . Получено 17 января 2024 года .
- ^ Uhn, Cho (1999). «Изобретение целомудшего материнства: феминистское чтение запрета повторного брака в эпоху Чосун». Азиатский журнал женских исследований . 5 (3): 45–63. doi : 10.1080/12259276.1999.11665854 . Полем Покупка выпуска: 30 дней для просмотра или скачивания: EUR 127.00.
- ^ 성종실록 (Фактическая запись Шенгзонга) [ Настоящие записи Seongjong ] (у корейского и литературного китайца). Тол. 226. 1499.
Примечания
[ редактировать ]- Seongjong (на корейском). Дусан Энциклопедия .
