Новозеландский институт искусств маори и ремесел
![]() Логотип | |
Другое имя | Сандерс |
---|---|
Девиз | Традиции |
Девиз на английском языке | Корзины реликвии ( знаний ) |
Основатель (ы) | Сэр Апирана Нгата (законодатель) Кронштейн Hone ( Carver ) Эмили Шустер ( ткач ) |
Учредил | 1926, восстановлен в 1963 году |
Фокус | Возрождение и увековечение традиционных искусств маори |
Ранее назывался | Институт искусств и ремесел Rotorua Māori |
Адрес | Landing Rd, Tiles 3010 |
Расположение | , , |

Новозеландский институт искусств и ремесел (NZMACI) - это институт традиционной художественной школы из числа коренных народов, расположенная в Роторуа, Новая Зеландия. Он управляет национальными школами трех основных маори форм искусства .
Нзмаси открылся в 1963 году в качестве преемника в предыдущей Национальной школе по каркасной карьере (Whananga Whakairo) в Роторуа , Новая Зеландия. Первоначальный институт был создан в 1926 году сэром Апираной Нгатой для борьбы с надвигающейся угрозой потери традиционных искусств маори. [ 1 ] Новая школа продолжила традицию в месте, хорошо известном для традиционных искусств и ремесел маори. Местоположение школ в Whakareware обеспечило доступ к туристическому рынку Rotorua, который позволил институту работать с финансовой независимостью в течение большей части своей истории. Школа ассоциируется с турами, которые проводились через долину Уакареовера с середины 19-го века, в настоящее время под эгидой Те Пуи .
История
[ редактировать ]Новая Зеландия Школа искусств и ремесел (световой мир) была основана в 1926 году Апираной Нгатой , [ 2 ] Затем член парламента по восточным маори, который включал Роторуа . Школа была сосредоточена на обучении традиционным искусствам маори и ремеслам. Нгата полагала, что искусство было жизненно важным для омоложения культуры маори . Он вложил в обучение православия, которая привилегировала определенные модели и исключил других. [ 2 ] Школа была расположена недалеко от Geyser Field в Whakarwarewa за пределами Роторуа . Первоначальная школа закрылась в результате Второй мировой войны.
Закон Института искусств и ремесел Роторуа Маори 1963 года основал школу как юридическое лицо, и в этот закон был внесен изменения в Законе о внесении поправок в Институт искусств и ремесел Маори и ремесел, который изменил его с местного на национальный институт, [ 3 ] удалив большинство ссылок на Rotorua . Поскольку написание маори изменилось на маори как часть усилий, чтобы сделать язык маори фонетическим.
С момента эпохи маори в 1980 -х и 1990 -х годах традиции маори оказали большее влияние на современное искусство в Новой Зеландии, что привело к размытию грани между искусством , изобразительным искусством и искусством маори. Институт экспонат на таких мероприятиях, как рынок искусств маори , но его преподавание и производство продолжают фокусироваться на более традиционных предметах.
Институт можно посетить через Te Puia значительную туристическую достопримечательность в Роторуа , Aotearoa . [ 4 ] [ 5 ]
Институт
[ редактировать ]
Резьба из дерева
[ редактировать ]Artomant Artomant of the Māori Caring , [ 6 ] резьба, называемая некоторыми как письменный язык маори.
Национальная резьба для резьбы из дерева, пистолет из Новой Зеландии , была открыта в 1967 году, искренне и построен в Новой Зеландии. Первым выпуском (глава) Школы резьбы был покойный известный эксперт, Hone Bracket .
Нефритовая, кость и камень резьба
[ редактировать ]Длинная часть резьбы из дерева (школа резьбы), традиционная украшение и инструменты, чтобы посвятить Льюис Тамихана Тамихана и первоначально специализируется в КУ . Новая национальная школа для нефрит, кости и резьба была названа ротацией местного и тихоокеанского выпускника Тихого океана.
В настоящее время школа возглавляет Стейси Гордин, Мастера -Карвер или Око спуска Ngāti Porou.
Ткачество
[ редактировать ]Традиционный текстиль и ткачество маори были искусством в институте, которую Тентен назвал на языке маори как ткачество . [ 7 ]
Школа Ваавааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааааа в 1967 году главой школы (график прихода ) Эмили Шарус . [ 7 ] Он был переименован в Te Rito в 1988 году. Шустер оставалась в качестве головы до середины 1990 -х годов и оставалась в культурном советнике до ее смерти в 1997 году. [ 7 ]
Schuster was succeeded by her daughters Dawn Smith and Edna Pahewa. Pahewa held the role for 18 years. The third and current Tumu is master weaver Meleta Bennett who was mentored by Pahewa.[8]
The founding of the schools was part of the reassurance of whakairo and raranga and many of the alumni of the schools went on to play roles in the Māori renaissance.
Major works
[edit]Marae restoration and building
[edit]Over 40 marae have been built or restored under the auspices of NZMACI, and countless more by graduates. The first cohort began with artwork for local businesses before moving on to restoration and replacement of carvings on Māori churches and meeting houses.[9]
Matatini Stage
[edit]The Institute was responsible for carving the Māhau stage used for the world’s largest Māori cultural festival, Te Matatini.[10] Made from over 26 tonnes of native wood, 5 tonnes of steel and 36 tonnes of concrete it is the largest Māori carved structure in existence at 30m across and over 13m high.[11] More than 20 of the staff and students at NZMACI worked a total of over 15,000 hours to complete.[12] The symbols used are relevant to the history of performing arts in Aotearoa.[13] Te Māhau was debuted in 2012.[11]
Pou Maumahara
[edit]An international commemoration of War Dead located at Passchendaele Memorial Park in Zonnebeke, Belgium, the Pou Maumahara is an 8 metre, 17 tonne woodcarving which was carved from a kauri log at NZMACI. The project was driven by Belgian architect Freddy DeClerck. The Pou Maumahara was designed by Tumu Whakarae Clive Fugill and carved under the leadership of Tumu Whakairo James Rickard by the staff and students of Te Wānanga Whakairo o Aotearoa.[14] The process took more than four years and the pou was unveiled on ANZAC day 2019.[15]
Te Ahi Tūpua
[edit]Te Ahi Tūpua was constructed from a design created by Tōhunga Whakairo and Tumu, Te Takapū o Rotowhio, Stacy Gordine and digitised by academics from Victoria University of Wellington. The massive sculpture uses traditional Māori visual language to tell the story of Ngātoro-i-rangi, in relation to the landmarks of the area.[16] Ngātoro-i-rangi, a founding ancestor of the region, is the navigator said to have guided (under duress) the voyaging canoe Te Arawa to Aotearoa.[17] He is traditionally associated with the geothermal activity in the area. [18]
Te Ahi Tūpua stands at 12m high and is the tallest sculpture of its kind and a world first in its 3D printed composite construction.[19]
Te Ahi Tūpua was commissioned as a small part of a $7.6 million restructuring of the Hemo Gorge roundabout near the location of the Institute. The project was jointly funded by NZTA under their policy of creating art alongside new road works with further support by the Rotorua District Council.[20]
Te Ahi Tūpua, along with Pōhutu Geyser and the district’s lakes now forms the basis for the emblem of the city and district of Rotorua.[21]
Artists
[edit]Reanga or intakes are cohorts of 1-4 students selected from a pool of applicants to learn Māori Arts and Crafts on a modest scholarship traditionally funded by tourism. Because the aim of the Institute is revival of the culture within communities, applicants are expected to be Māori practitioners of traditional arts, with the strongest applications coming with iwi-tono or tribal support. Graduates are expected to serve their tribes and communities.[22]
Alumni
[edit]List of graduates: Graduate name (School, Nth intake)
- Pine Taiapa (1926 institute) Ngāti Porou
- Hōne Te Kāuru Taiapa (1926 institute) Ngāti Porou, younger brother of Pine, first master carver of the 1967 revived school.
- Piri Poutapu (1926 institute, 1929 intake) Tainui, descended in direct line from the carvers of the Tainui voyaging canoe. Entered with iwi tono by Princess Te Puea. Went on to become waka carver and royal Kingitanga carver,
- Clive Fugill (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 1st intake) Ngāti Ranginui
- James Rickard (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 1st intake) Tainui, Tohunga Whakairo, former Tumu Whakairo
- Dr Lyonel Grant (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 6th intake) Te Arawa
- Riki Manuel (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 8th intake)
- Albert Te Pou (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 8th intake) Tūhoe current Tumu, Te Wānanga Whakairo o Aotearoa
- Mauri Ora Kingi (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 8th intake) Te Arawa, Tūhourangi, Ngāti Raukawa
- Fayne Robinson (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 13th intake) Kāi Tahu, prominent South Island artist.
- Roi Toia (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 14th intake)
- Gordon Toi (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, Nth intake) Ngāpuhi, prominent tohunga tā moko artist of the Māori tattoo revival.
- Arekatera Katz Maihi (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 21st intake) Ngāti Whātua, also musician and tā moko artist.
- Colin Tihi (Wānanga Whakairo Rākau, 19th intake; Takapū 6th intake) Ngāti Tarawhai, a carver and painter notably the only graduate of both carving wānanga.
Tumu
[edit]Each of the schools is headed by an expert in their traditional artform, titled Tumu. Cohorts of 1-4 students are selected from a pool of applicants to learn from the Tumu and their Pouako (tutors). List of Tumu: (year-year) Tumu name
Tumu, Te Wānanga Whakairo o Aotearoa (incomplete)
[edit]- (1967 - 1979) Hone Taiapa
- (1983 - 1995) Clive Fugill, Ngāti Ranginui, (titular Tumu Whakarae 1995 - present)[23]
- (2019 - 2023) Albert Te Pou,[23] Ngāi Tūhoe
- (2023 - present) Grant Marunui
Tumu, Te Takapū o Rotowhio
[edit]- (2009 - 2013) Lewis Tamihana Gardiner, Ngāti Pikiao, Kāi Tahu
- (2013 - present) Stacy Gordine[23] Ngāti Porou
Tumu, Te Rito o Rotowhio
[edit]- (1969 - 1997) Emily Schuster
- (1997 -2019) Edna Pahewa
- (2020-present) Meleta Bennett[23]
Governance
[edit]Historically the Minister responsible for Tourism or an Associate Minister of Tourism made appointments to the NZMACI governing board. Board members have included: Robert McFarlane, Ani Waaka, David Thomas, Sir Howard Morrison, Dr Erihapeti Rehu-Murchie, June Grant, Judith Stanway, Ray Watson, Erenora Puketapu-Hetet, Mike Simm, David Tapsell Ken Raureti, Robyn Bargh and Tupara Morrison.[24][25][26][27]
Governance has been altered as a result of the Tiriti o Waitangi settlement negotiations between the NZ government and local iwi. As part of the NZMACI Vesting Act (2020), the local iwi: Tuhourangi, Ngāti Wāhiao and Ngāti Whakaue will be recognised as traditional and as legal owners of Te Puia and associated assets and will have official representation on the board.[28]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Metge, Joan. Rautahi: The Maoris of New Zealand. Routledge. p. 274.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Toi tū, toi ora : contemporary Māori art. Nigel Borell, Moana Jackson, Taarati Taiaroa, Auckland Art Gallery. Auckland, New Zealand. 2022. ISBN 978-0-14-377673-4. OCLC 1296712119.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "New Zealand Maori Arts and Crafts Institute Act 1963 No 51 (as at 03 September 2007), Public Act – New Zealand Legislation". legislation.govt.nz. 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
The Long title was amended by section 2(4) of the New Zealand Maori Arts and Crafts Institute Amendment Act 1967 by substituting the words '"New Zealand"' for the word '"Rotorua"'.
- ^ "Visit Te Puia at Rotorua for a unique blend of experiences". nzine.co.nz. 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
Te Puia is an umbrella brand with three sub-brands – the geothermal valley, Maori cultural experiences and the New Zealand Maori Arts and Crafts Institute.
- ^ "Te Puia Rotorua". tepuia.com. 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
- ^ Dunn, Michael (2002). New Zealand Sculpture: A History. Auckland University Press. p. 130. ISBN 978-1-86940-277-8.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Bidois, Vanessa (2015). Māori weaving : the art of creating Māori textiles. Cherie Taylor, Robyn Bargh, New Zealand Māori Arts and Crafts Institute. Wellington, Aotearoa, New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-77550-192-3. OCLC 922466620.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "The National Weaving School". Te Puia. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
- ^ "Clive Fugill on Māori carving tools". RNZ. 11 December 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ Murray, Justine (26 January 2017). "Clive Fugill, master carver". RNZ. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ Jump up to: a b McLean, Mere. "Te Matatini mahau unveiled". Māori Television. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "Te Mahau - A partnership initiative between NZMACI and Te Matatini". Te Puia. 15 September 2020. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "Mahau – Te Matatini – Kapa Haka Aotearoa". Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ Driver, George (18 April 2019). "Anzac pou maumahara on Belgian battleground honours NZers". RNZ. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "Pou Maumahara « Passchendaele Society". Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "Te Ahi Tupua - Rotorua Lakes Council". www.rotorualakescouncil.nz. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ Taonui, Rawiri. "Te Arawa and Tainui". teara.govt.nz. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ Royal, Te Ahukaramū Charles. "The thermal wonders". teara.govt.nz. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "Te Ahi Tupua - Frequently Asked Questions - Rotorua Lakes Council". www.rotorualakescouncil.nz. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "Te Ahi Tupua - Rotorua Lakes Council". www.rotorualakescouncil.nz. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "New visual identity for Rotorua Lakes Council". www.rotorualakescouncil.nz. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ Marsh, Sean (1 October 2019), Clive Fugill - Master Carver NZMACI, retrieved 15 September 2022
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Artists". Te Puia. Retrieved 15 September 2022.
- ^ "New Appointee To Maori Television Service". scoop.co.nz. 2006. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
Te Putahi Paoho, the Mäori Electoral College, has announced the appointment of Ani Waaka to the board of the Maori Television Service, replacing former board member Joanna Paul.
- ^ "beehive.govt.nz – APPOINTMENTS TO MAORI ARTS & CRAFTS INSTITUTE". beehive.govt.nz. 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
Tourism Minister Lockwood Smith has announced new appointments to the Board of the New Zealand Maori Arts and Crafts Institute.
- ^ "beehive.govt.nz – Maori Arts and Crafts Institute Board appointments". beehive.govt.nz. 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
Minister of Tourism Mark Burton Associate Minister of Tourism Dover Samuels today announced appointments to the Board of the Maori Arts and Crafts Institute (MACI).
- ^ "beehive.govt.nz – MACI board members announced". beehive.govt.nz. 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2011.
Associate Tourism Minister Jonathan Coleman today announced the appointment of three new members to the Maori Arts and Crafts Institute (MACI) board.
- ^ «Новозеландский институт искусств маори и ремесленных искусств. Закон 2020 года № 37 (по состоянию на 12 апреля 2022 года), публичный закон - Законодательство о Новой Зеландии» . www.legislation.govt.nz . Получено 15 сентября 2022 года .