Голланд -класс Крейсер

	Hnlms noordbrabant
Обзор класса
Имя	Голландский класс
Builders	Rijkswerf, Amsterdam; Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing; Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij, Rotterdam;
Operators	Royal Netherlands Navy; Kriegsmarine;
Preceded by	Koningin Wilhelmina der Nederlanden
Succeeded by	Java class
Built	1895–1901
In commission	1898–1944
Completed	6
Lost	1
Retired	5
General characteristics
Type	Protected cruiser
Displacement	3,900 tons (first 3 ships); 4,033 (last 3 ships);
Length	93.3 m (306 ft 1 in) (first 3 ships); 94.7 m (310 ft 8 in) (last 3 ships);
Beam	14.8 m (48 ft 7 in)
Draught	5.41 m (17 ft 9 in)
Propulsion	10,000 ihp (7,500 kW), two shafts
Speed	20 knots (37 km/h)
Complement	324
Armament	2 × 5.9 in (15 cm) (2 × 1); 6 × 4.7 in (12 cm) (6 × 1); 4 × 3 in (7.6 cm) (4 × 1); 4 × 1pdr (4 × 1); 2 × 45 cm (18 in) torpedo tubes;
Armour	5 cm (2.0 in) deck

Класс Голландии защищенных был классом из шести крейсеров ^{[ А ]} Королевского военно -морского флота . Класс был построен в двух группах, каждая состоящая из трех кораблей.

Дизайн

Дизайн был основан на британском Apollo -Class крейсере , хотя он показал более морепрочитанную форму среди Astraea класса . ^{[ 1 ]} Первые три корабля класса составляли длину 93,3 метра (306 футов 1 дюймов), в то время как последние три составляли 94,7 метра (310 футов 8 дюймов), имел луч 14,8 метра (48 футов 7 дюймов), черновик 5,41 метра (17 футов 9 дюймов), и имел смещение 3900 тонн. Последние три корабля были немного больше и перемещены на 133 тонны больше, чем первые три корабля. ^[2] Корабли были оснащены двумя поршневыми двигателями с валом , которые были оценены в 10 000 IHP (7500 кВт) и давали максимальную скорость 20 узлов (37 км/ч). Корабли имели 5-сантиметровую (2,0 дюйма) палубную броню. Основным вооружением кораблей было два 5,9 в (15 см) одиночных пистолетов. Вторичное вооружение включало шесть одиночных 4,7 в (12 см) орудия и четырех 3 дюймов (7,6 см) одиночных пистолетов. В 1914-1915 гг. Поиск 5,9 в оружии были удалены с каждого корабля и заменены еще четырьмя 4.7 в одиночных креплениях.

Construction

The class was built in two groups each consisting of three ships. The ships were laid down at Rijkswerf in Amsterdam, Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde in Flushing and Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij in Rotterdam.

Name	Laid down	Launched	Commissioned	Decommissioned	Builder
First group
Holland	1895	4 October 1896	1 July 1898	1920	Rijkswerf, Amsterdam
Zeeland	1895	20 March 1897	1 June 1898	1924	Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing
Friesland	1895	4 November 1896	16 January 1898	1913	Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij, Rotterdam
Second group
Gelderland	1 November 1897	28 September 1898	15 July 1900	17 May 1940	Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij, Rotterdam
Noordbrabant	31 August 1897	17 January 1899	1 March 1900	17 May 1940	Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing
Utrecht	1897	14 July 1898	1 March 1901	1913	Rijkswerf, Amsterdam

History

The protection of the Dutch East Indies came into the spotlight at the end of the nineteenth century. Many countries began expanding their battle fleets. In 1887, two medium-sized Chinese battleships became operational and were considered superior to the Dutch defence. This led to a reassessment of the defence of the Dutch East Indies.

In April 1892, the foundations for modernisation were formulated by a committee consisting of three officers J.H. Kromhout, F.J. Haver Droeze and G. Kruys. Navy expert, rear admiral and Chief of the Naval Staff, Gerhardus Kruys advocated for new cruisers. In the second half of the 1890s the Holland class cruisers was built, as well as the almost identical second series, the Utrecht class.

On 19 October 1900 Gelderland transported Paul Kruger to Europe during the Second Boer War. Holland together with Koningin Wilhelmina der Nederlanden and the Evertsen-class coastal defence ship Piet Hein were sent to Shanghai to defend Dutch interests during the Boxer Rebellion. Holland and Zeeland together with the coastal defence ships Hertog Hendrik, Koningin Regentes and De Ruyter assisted the KNIL during the Aceh War.

In 1908 Friesland, Gelderland and the coastal defence ship Jacob Van Heemskerck were sent to patrol the Venezuelan coast during the second Castro crisis. Friesland and Utrecht were decommissioned in 1913 with the remaining four being modernized. During World War I all remaining ships were stationed in Dutch home waters.

Holland and Zeeland were decommissioned in 1920 and 1924 while Noordbrabant became an accommodation ship in 1920. A role she fulfilled until she was damaged during the German invasion in World War II. Gelderland became a training ship in 1920. She was captured by Germany in 1940, renamed Niobe and sunk during the war in Kotka harbour in Finland on 16 July 1944.

Notes

^ In the Dutch navy the ships where classified as "pantserdekschepen" literally translated: armored deck ships.

References

^ "netherlandsnavy.nl". Retrieved 2011-02-15.
^ "steelnavy.com". Retrieved 2011-02-15.

Bibliography

Johnson, Harold & Marshall, Peter A. (2015). "Question 9/51: Dutch Cruiser Gelderland". Warship International. LII (1): 79–81. ISSN 0043-0374.
J. Anten. (2011) Navalisme Nekt Onderzeeboot; De invloed van buitenlandse zeestrategieën op de Nederlandse zeestrategie voor de defensie van Nederlands-Indië, 1912-1942. Universiteit Leiden. Amsterdam University Press.

External links

[pantserdekschepen-1] In the Dutch navy the ships where classified as "pantserdekschepen" literally translated: armored deck ships.

[netherlandsnavy.nl-2] "netherlandsnavy.nl". Retrieved 2011-02-15.

[steelnavy.com-3] "steelnavy.com". Retrieved 2011-02-15.

[ А ]

[ 1 ]

[2]

v t e Cruiser classes and unique cruisers of the Royal Netherlands Navy
List of cruisers of the Netherlands
Battlecruisers	Design 1047
Light cruisers	Java De Ruyter^S Tromp De Zeven Provinciën class
Protected cruisers	Sumatra^S Koningin Wilhelmina der Nederlanden^S Holland
Unprotected cruisers	Atjeh
С Отдельный корабль класса