Ab yehoshua

Ab yehoshua
Yehoshua в 2017 году
Рожденный	Аврахам Габриэль Йехошуа ( 1936-12-09 ) 9 декабря 1936 г. Иерусалим , обязательная Палестина
Died	June 14, 2022(2022-06-14) (aged 85) Tel Aviv, Israel
Occupation	Novelist essayist short story writer playwright
Nationality	Israeli
Alma mater	Hebrew University of Jerusalem (BA, 1961) Teachers College (1962) Sorbonne (MA, French Literature)
Literary movement	Israeli "New Wave"
Notable works	Mr. Mani (1990); The Lover (1977); "Facing the Forest"
Notable awards	ACUM Prize 1961 National Jewish Book Award 1990, 1993 Israel Prize for Literature 1995 Los Angeles Times Book Prize 2006 A Woman in Jerusalem
Spouse	Rivka Kirsninski ​ ​ (m. 1960; died 2016)​

Аврахам Габриэль "Були" Йехошуа ( иврит : Авраам Габриэль "Хулиган" Джошуа ; 9 декабря 1936 г. - 14 июня 2022 года. ) был израильским писателем, эссеистом и драматургом. New York Times назвала его «израильским Фолкнером ». Основные темы в работе Йехошуа лежат еврейская идентичность, напряженные отношения с неевреями, конфликт между старшими и молодыми поколениями и столкновение между религией и политикой.

Биография

происхождения в Иерусалиме третьего поколения Аврахам Габриэль («Були») Йехошуа родился в семье Иерусалимского из Салоники , Греция . Его отец Яаков Йехошуа, сын и внук раввинов , был ученым и автором, специализирующимся на истории Иерусалима . Его мать, Малка Розилио, родилась и выросла в Могадоре , Марокко , Франции , и иммигрировала в Иерусалим со своими родителями в 1932 году. Он вырос в Керема Авраама в Иерусалиме. районе

He attended Gymnasia Rehavia municipal high school in Jerusalem. As a youth, Yehoshua was active in the Hebrew Scouts. After completing his studies, Yehoshua was drafted to the Israeli army, where he served as a paratrooper from 1954 to 1957, and participated in the 1956 Sinai War. After studying literature and philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, he began teaching. He lived in Jerusalem's Neve Sha'anan neighborhood.

From 1963 to 1967, Yehoshua lived and taught in Paris and served as the General Secretary of the World Union of Jewish Students. From 1972, he taught Comparative and Hebrew Literature at the University of Haifa, where he held the rank of Full Professor. In 1975 he was a writer-in-residence at St Cross College, Oxford. He has also been a visiting professor at Harvard (1977), the University of Chicago (1988, 1997, 2000); and Princeton (1992).

Yehoshua was married to Rivka, a clinical psychologist and psychoanalyst, until her death in 2016. He died of esophageal cancer, on June 14, 2022, in Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center.

Literary career

Yehoshua with his wife, Rivka, in Paris (1990s)

From the end of his military service, Yehoshua began to publish fiction. His first book of stories, Mot Hazaken (The Death of the Old Man), was published in 1962. He became a prominent figure in the "new wave" generation of Israeli writers, who differed from their predecessors in focusing more closely on the individual, and interpersonal concerns, rather than the psychology of a group. Yehoshua named Franz Kafka, Shmuel Yosef Agnon, and William Faulkner as formative influences. Harold Bloom wrote an article about Yehoshua's A Late Divorce in The New York Times, mentioning the work again in his The Western Canon.

Yehoshua is the author of twelve novels, three books of short stories, four plays, and four collections of essays, including Ahizat Moledet (Homeland Lesson, 2008), a book of reflections on identity and literature. His best-received novel, Mr Mani, is a multigenerational look at Jewish identity and Israel through five conversations that go backwards in time to cover over 200 years of Jewish life in Jerusalem and around the Mediterranean basin. It was adapted for television as a five-part multilingual series by director Ram Loevy. As do many of his works, his eighth novel, Friendly Fire, explores the nature of dysfunctional family relationships in a drama that moves back and forth between Israel and Tanzania. His works have been translated and published in 28 countries; many have been adapted for film, television, theatre, and opera.

Views and opinions

Yehoshua was an Israeli Peace Movement activist. He set out his political views in essays and interviews and attended the signing of the Geneva Accord. Yehoshua was both a long-standing critic of the Israeli occupation and also of Palestinian political culture.

He and other intellectuals mobilized on behalf of the dovish New Movement before the 2009 elections in Israel.

According to La Stampa, before the 2008–2009 Israel-Gaza conflict he published an appeal to Gaza residents urging them to end the violence. He explained why the Israeli operation was necessary and why it needed to end: "Precisely because the Gazans are our neighbours, we need to be proportionate in this operation. We need to try to reach a cease-fire as quickly as possible. We will always be neighbours, so the less blood is shed, the better the future will be." Yehoshua added that he would be happy for the border crossings to be opened completely and for Palestinians to work in Israel as part of a cease-fire.

Yehoshua was criticized by the American Jewish community for his statement that a "full Jewish life could only be had in the Jewish state." He claimed that Jews elsewhere were only "playing with Judaism." "Diaspora Judaism is masturbation," Yehoshua told editors and reporters at The Jerusalem Post. In Israel, he said, it is "the real thing."

Awards and recognition

Mr. Mani manuscript, National Library of Israel, Jerusalem

• In 1972, Yehoshua received the Prime Minister's Prize for Hebrew Literary Works.
• In 1983, he was awarded the Brenner Prize.
• In 1986, he received the Alterman Prize.
• In 1989, he was a co-recipient (jointly with Avner Treinin) of the Bialik Prize for literature.
• In 1995, he was awarded the Israel Prize for Hebrew literature.
• He has also won the National Jewish Book Award for Five seasons in 1990 and the Koret Jewish Book Award in the U.S., as well as the Jewish Quarterly-Wingate Literary Prize in the United Kingdom.
• Yehoshua was shortlisted in 2005 for the first Man Booker International Prize.
• In 2006, "A Woman in Jerusalem" was awarded the Los Angeles Times Book Prize.
• In Italy, he received the Grinzane Cavour Award, the Flaiano Superprize, the Giovanni Boccaccio Prize, and the Viareggio Prize for Lifetime Achievement. In 2003, his novel The Liberated Bride won both the Premio Napoli and the Lampedusa Literary Prize. Friendly Fire won the Premio Roma in 2008.
• He received honorary doctorates from Hebrew Union College (1990), Tel Aviv University (1998), Torino University (1999), Bar-Ilan University (2000), and Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa (2012).
• In November 2012, Yehoshua received the Prix Médicis étranger for his novel חסד ספרדי (English: The Retrospective; French: Rétrospective).
• In 2017 he received the Dan David Prize Award.

Quotes

• "[Diaspora Jews] change [their] nationalities like jackets. Once they were Polish and Russian; now they are British and American. One day they could choose to be Chinese or Singaporean...For me, Avraham Yehoshua, there is no alternative... I cannot keep my identity outside Israel. [Being] Israeli is my skin, not my jacket.
• "I ask myself a question that must be asked: What brought the Germans and what is bringing the Palestinians to such a hatred of us? ... We have a tough history. We came here out of a Jewish experience, and the settlements are messing it up."
• "We are not bent on killing Palestinian children to avenge the killing of our children. All we are trying to do is get their leaders to stop this senseless and wicked aggression, and it is only because of the tragic and deliberate mingling between Hamas fighters and the civilian population that children, too, are unfortunately being killed. The fact is that since the disengagement, Hamas has fired only at civilians. Even in this war, to my astonishment, I see that they are not aiming at the army concentrations along the border but time and again at civilian communities"
• "It’s possible that there will be a war with the Palestinians. It’s not necessary, it’s not impossible. But if there is a war, it will be a very short one. Maybe a war of six days. Because after we remove the settlements and after we stop being an occupation army, all the rules of war will be different. We will exercise our full force. We will not have to run around looking for this terrorist or that instigator—we will make use of force against an entire population. We will use total force. Because from the minute we withdraw I don’t even want to know their names. I don’t want any personal relations with them. I am no longer in a situation of occupation and policing and B’Tselem [the human rights organization]. Instead, I will be standing opposite them in a position of nation versus nation. State versus state. I am not going to perpetrate war crimes for their own sake, but I will use all my force against them. If there is shooting at Ashkelon, there is no electricity in Gaza. We shall use force against an entire population. We shall use total force. It will be a totally different war. It will be much harder on the Palestinians. If they shoot Qassam missiles at Ashkelon, we will cut electricity to Gaza. We shall cut communications in Gaza. We shall prevent fuel from entering Gaza. We will use our full force as we did on the Egyptian [Suez] Canal in 1969. And then, when the Palestinian suffering will be totally different, much more serious, they will, by themselves, eliminate the terror. The Palestinian nation will overcome terrorism itself. It won’t have any other choice. Let them stop the shooting. No matter if it is the PA [Palestinian Authority] or the Hamas. Whoever takes responsibility for the fuel, electricity and hospitals, and sees that they do not function, will operate within a few days to stop the shooting of the Qassams. This new situation will totally change the rules of the game. Not a desired war, but definitely aw purifying one. A war that will make it clear to the Palestinians that they are sovereign. The suffering they will go through in the post-occupation situation will make clear to them that they must stop the violence, because now they are sovereign. From the moment we retreat I don’t want to know their names at all. I don’t want any personal relationship with them, and I am not going to commit war crimes for their own sake."

Works in English translation

Novels

• The Lover [Ha-Me'ahev, 1977]. Garden City N.Y., Doubleday, 1978 (translated by Philip Simpson). Dutton, 1985. Harvest/HBJ, 1993. ISBN 978-0-15-653912-8. London, Halban Publishers, 2004, 2007. ISBN 1870015-91-6.
• A Late Divorce [Gerushim Meuharim, 1982]. London, Harvill Press, 1984. Garden City N.Y., Doubleday, 1984. London, Sphere/Abacus Books, 1985. New York, Dutton, 1985. San Diego, Harcourt Brace, 1993. ISBN 978-0-15-649447-2. London, Halban Publishers 2005. ISBN 187-0-01-5959.
• Five Seasons [Molcho, 1987]. New York, Doubleday, 1989. New York, Dutton Obelisk, 1989. London, Collins, 1989. Harmondsworth, Penguin Books, 1990. London, Fontana, 1990, ISBN 978-1-870015-94-3. London, Halban Publishers, 2005, ISBN 1870015-94-0.
• Mr. Mani [Mar Mani, 1989]. New York, Doubleday, 1992. London, Collins, 1992. London, Peter, 1993, 2002 ISBN 1-870015-77-0. San Diego, Harvest/HBJ, 1993. London, Phoenix/Orion Books, 1994. ISBN 978-1-85799-185-7.
• Open Heart [Ha-Shiv`a Me-Hodu (The Return from India), 1994]. Garden City N.Y., Doubleday, 1995. London, Halban Publishers, 1996, ISBN 978-1-87-001563-9. San Diego, Harvest/HBJ, 1997. ISBN 978-0-15-600484-8.
• A Journey to the End of the Millennium [Masah El Tom Ha-Elef, 1997]. New York, Doubleday & Co., 1999. London, Peter Halban, 1999. ISBN 1-870015-71-1.
• The Liberated Bride [Ha-Kala Ha-Meshachreret, 2001]. London, Peter Halban, 2003, 2004, 2006. ISBN 1-870015-86-X.
• A Woman in Jerusalem [Shlihuto Shel Ha-memouneh Al Mashabei Enosh (The Human Resources Supervisor's Mission), 2004]. London, Halban Publishers, 2006, 2011. ISBN 978-1-905559-24-4. New York, Harcourt, 2006. ISBN 978-0-15-101226-8.
• Friendly Fire: A Duet [Esh Yedidutit, 2007] London, Halban Publishers, 2008, ISBN 978-1-905559-19-0. New York, Harcourt 2008, ISBN 978-0-15-101419-4.
• The Retrospective [חסד ספרדי]. New York, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013. ISBN 978-0-547496-96-2. London, Halban Publishers, 2013. ISBN 978-1-905559-56-5.
• The Extra, 2014
• The Tunnel, New York, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt The Tunnel, 2020 August 4 ISBN 978-1-328622-55-6. London, Halban Publishers The Tunnel, 2020 February 27 ISBN 978-1-912600-03-8.
• The Only Daughter, New York, Harper Via, 2023. ISBN 978-0-35-867O44-5

Short stories

• Early in the Summer of 1970 [Bi-Thilat Kayitz, 1970, 1972]. Garden City N.Y., Doubleday, 1977. London, Heinemann, 1980. New York, Berkley Publishing, 1981. London, Fontana Paperbacks, 1990. ISBN 978-0-385-02590-4
• Three Days and a Child [Shlosha Yamim Ve-Yeled, 1975]. Garden City N.Y., Doubleday, 1970. London, Peter Owen, 1971. ISBN 978-0-7206-0161-9
• The Continuing Silence of a Poet. London, Peter Halban, 1988, 1999, ISBN 1-870015-73-8. London, Fontana Paperbacks, 1990. London, New York, Penguin, 1991. Syracuse, N.Y., Syracuse University Press, 1998. ISBN 978-0-8156-0559-1

Essays

• Israel. London, Collins, 1988. New York, Harper & Row, 1988. Jerusalem, Steimatzky/Collins Harvill, 1988.
• Between Right and Right [Bein Zechut Le-Zechut, 1980]. Garden City N.Y., Doubleday, 1981. ISBN 978-0-385-17035-2
• The Terrible Power of a Minor Guilt [Kocha Ha-Nora Shel Ashma Ktana, 1998]. New York, Syracuse University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-8156-0656-7
• "An Attempt to Identify the Root Cause of Antisemitism", Azure (Spring 2008).

Plays

• A Night in May [Layla Be-May, 1975]. Tel Aviv, Institute for the Translation of Hebrew Literature, 1974.
• Possessions [Hafatzim, 1986]. Portsmouth, Heinemann, 1993.
• Journey to the End of the Millennium, libretto for opera with music by Yosef Bardnaashvili. Premiered at Israeli Opera, May 2005.
• A Tale of Two Zionists. A play of 1934 meeting of Vladimir Jabotinsky and David Ben-Gurion 2012

See also

• List of Israel Prize recipients
• Список лауреатов премии Bialik

Дальнейшее чтение

Книги

1. Halevi-Wise, Yael Ретроспективное воображение AB Yehoshua (Университетский парк, Пенсильвания: Penn State University Press, 2020). Ретроспективное воображение Аб Йехошуа от Яэля Халеви-мимо
2. Рог, Бернард. Столкнувшись с пожарами: беседы с AB Yehoshua (Syracuse: University of Syracuse Press, 1998).
3. Мирон, Дэн. Девятый с половиной половины: «Ашкенази» на «ашкенази» на двух «сефардских» романах [иврит]. Тель -Авив: Hakibbutz Hameuhad, 2011.
4. Балабан, Авраам. Г -н Молчо: В противоположном направлении: анализ мистера Мани и Молчо Аб Йехошуа [иврит]. Тель-Авив: Ха-Киббуцха-Мючад, 1992.
5. Банбаджи, Амир, Дов и Зиба Шамир, ред. Интервьюирование перспектив . Тель-Авив: Ха-Киббуц,
6. Бен-Дов, Ница, изд. В противоположном направлении: статьи о мистере Мани [иврит]. Тель-Авив: Ха-Киббуц Ха-Мёхад, 1995.
7. Морахг, Галаад. Яростное сострадание: художественная литература Ab Yehoshua [иврит]. Тель -Авив: DVIR, 2014.

Журнальные статьи

1. Гершон Шакел интервьюирует ab yehoshua: shaked, gershon; Современная еврейская литература , 2006 г. осень; 3: 157–69.
2. Жизнь Хайфы: израильский романист рассказывает о том, как уклониться от своей безопасной комнаты, соревнования среди своих друзей -писателей и пытаться оставаться оптимизмом о мире на Ближнем Востоке: Соломон, Дебора; Журнал New York Times, 30 июля 2006 г.; 13
3. На заднем дворе дома Агнона: между освобожденной невестой Аб Йехошуа и Си Агнон : Бен-Дов, Ница; Ивритские исследования: журнал, посвященный еврейскому языку и литературе, 2006; 47: 237–51.
4. Yael Halevi Wise, «Стоейка сторожа в художественной литературе Ab Yehoshua», Еврейский исследования 58 (2017): 357–382.
5. Разговор с AB Yehoshua от: Naves, Elaine Kalman; Queen's Quarterly, весна 2005 года; 112 (1): 76–86.
6. Яэль Халеви, «Формирование израильской идентичности в открытии AB Yehoshua». День с Аврахамом Йехошуа: Revue Lacanienne 30 (2016): 161–172.
7. Молчание историка и изобретательность рассказчика: раввин Амнон Мэйс и Эстер Минна из червей: Юваль, Израиль Джейкоб; Общеизвестное, весна 2003 года; 9 (2): 228–40.
8. Сюжет самоубийства в Аб Йехошуа и Лео Толстое от: Хорна, Бернард; Европейское наследие: к новым парадигмам, октябрь 2001 года; 6 (5): 633–38.
9. Первоначальная сцена, жертва и политика нормализации в мистере Мани из Аб Йехошуа : Кац, Адам; Антропоэтика: электронный журнал генеративной антропологии, 2001 Осень 2002 зима; 7 (2): 9 абзацев.
10. Аб Йехошуа Пограничные случаи: национальная идентичность и территориальная близость в мистере Мани : Морахг, Галаад; AJS Review 30: 1, 2006: 167–182.
11. Yael Halevi Wise, «Праздники в Opus ands and Othos Ab Yeshoshua», Shofar: междисциплинарные журнальные исследования 35.2 (2017): 55–80.
12. Опасности гибридности: сопротивление постколониальной перспективе в Аб Йехошуа «Освобождающая невеста» : Morahg, Gilead; AJS Review 33: 2, 2009: 363–378.
13. Портрет художника как стареющего ученого: Аб Йехошуа «Освобождающая невеста» : Морахг, Галаад; Ивритские исследования 50, 2009: 175–183.
14. Ранние предупреждения: мрачное видение освобождающей невесты : Морахг, Галаад; Микан 10, 2010: 5–18.
15. Ранен Омер-Шерман, «На грани долгосрочной близости»: расстояние и близость между евреями и арабскими идентичностями в « невесте » Освобожденной А.Б.
16. Яэль Халеви, мимо: «Где сефардизм в Хеседе-Седьи/ретроспективе Аб Йехошуа ?» Sephardic Horizons 4.1 (2014): сефардные горизонты

Книжные статьи

1. Рог, Бернард. «Сефардская идентичность и ее недовольство: романы AB Yehoshua» в сефардизме: испанская еврейская история и современное литературное воображение, изд. Yael Halevi-Wise (Stanford University Press, 2012).
2. Халеви, Яэль. А.Б. Г -н Мани игривая субъективность истории « и
3. Морахг, Галаад. Затенение правды: Аб Йехошуа «Лица леса» в: Каттер и Джейкобсон, История и литература: новые чтения еврейских текстов в честь Арнольда Дж. Банда. Провиденс, RI: Программа в области иудейских исследований, Университет Брауна; 2002. С. 409–18
4. Фельдман, Яэль. Между Genesis и Sophocles : библейская психополитика в Ab Yehoshua Mrani Mani In: Cutter и Jacobson, История и литература: новые чтения еврейских текстов в честь Арнольда Дж. Банда. Провиденс, RI: Программа в области иудейских исследований, Университет Брауна; 2002. С. 451–64
5. Морахг, Галаад. История сладкой погибки: мистер Мани и ужасная сила великой одержимости. В кн.: Банбаджи, Бен-Дов и Шамир, пересекающиеся перспективы: эссе об творчестве AB Yehoshua . Hakibbutz Hameuchad (Tel Aviv, 2010), с. 213–225.

Внешние ссылки

• СМИ, связанные с AB Yehoshua в Wikimedia Commons
• Авраам Б. Иехошуа Институт перевода биографии иврита и списка работ
• Министерство иностранных дел Израиля короткая биография + ссылки на книги
• Над утопляющим морем , показанный свидетель в документальном фильме о Шанхайских евреях, 2017. Над утоплениям Свидетели
• Еврейское агентство для израильской короткой биографии
• Журнал журнала Zeek Archived 30 мая 2020 года в The Wayback Machine AB Yehoshua Shoshana Olidort Review о дружественном огне (2009)
• Появления на C-Span