Из двенадцати необоснованного времени

Двенадцать ISTER («На двенадцать злоупотребления светом»), также называемого просто около двенадцати необоснованных , ^{[ 1 ]} это гиберно трактат о - латинском ^{[ 2 ]}^{[ 3 ]} или между 630 и 650. ^{[ 4 ]}^{[ 5 ]}^{[ 6 ]}^{[ 7 ]} В средние века работа была очень популярна по всей Европе.

Источник

В рукописях работа часто приписывается названному автору, чаще всего святого Киприана или святого Августина ; Это привело к тому, что ранние издания были опубликованы среди произведений этих авторов. ^{[ 1 ]}

Однако в 1905 году Джон Багнелл Бери указал, что он цитировался из латинского вульгата , который был несовместимо с атрибуцией Киприана или Августину. Он указал, что девятое злоупотребление было процитировано почти полностью в коллекционе Canonum hibernensis , где оно было приписано Святому Патрику ; и эти выдержки из того же раздела были цитированы в письме, адресованном Cathwulf, ^{[ А ]} около 775 года, короля Чарльза Великого, и сохранился в рукописи девятого века. Он пришел к выводу, что это доказательство «доказывает, что трактат старше, чем AD, 700, и настоятельно предполагает, что его происхождение - ирландский, в Ирландии он был приписан Патрику и отправился в Галлию под его именем». ^{[ 8 ]}

В своем издании 1909 года, ^{[ 2 ]} Зигмунд Хеллманн ( DE ) представил дополнительные доказательства, установив его как работу анонимного ирландского автора 7 -го века. ^[1] С тех пор его автор традиционно известен как псевдо-кипр .

Sources

The text is based largely on the Bible, containing “over thirty citations from the Old Testament and twenty-three from the New excluding the Gospels, with nineteen more from the Gospels”;^[1]^[9] these citations are made from the Latin Vulgate.^[8]

Ever since Hellmann's edition,^[2] the Rule of St. Benedict has also been regarded as an important source.^[3]^[10] Hellmann regarded the ordering of the text into twelve abuses as a reversal of the twelve steps of the ladder of humility from the seventh chapter of the Rule.^[1] Breen thought it was more probable that it drew instead from the Regula Magistri, a different text which was itself a source for that chapter in the rule of St. Benedict.^[6]^[1] Constant Mews argues instead that it draws on the model of the twelve modes of forgiveness in the Irish penitential of Cummian.^[11] Meanwhile, Joyce argues it adapts the model of linguistic abuses from the twelve vices of grammar defined by Donatus.^[12]

The text also seems to have drawn on various of the Church Fathers, although none are cited by name; particularly, Origen, Cyprian, Ambrose, Augustine, Rufinus, Jerome, Cassian and Gregory the Great.^[1]^[2]^[6]

Hellmann^[2] thought that the text drew on St Isidore. Almost everyone agreed with this,^[1] but Breen^[13] did not.

Twelve abuses

De duodecim abusivis condemns the following twelve abuses:^[1]

Abusivis	Abuse
sapiens sine operibus bonis	the wise man without good works
senex sine religione	the old man without religion
adolescens sine oboedientia	the young man without obedience
dives sine elemosyna	the rich man without almsgiving
femina sine pudicitia	the woman without modesty
dominus sine virtute	the lord without virtue
Christianius contentiosus	the argumentative Christian
pauper superbus	the poor man who is proud
rex iniquus	the unjust king
episcopus neglegens	the negligent bishop
plebs sine disciplina	the people without discipline
populus sine lege	the people without law

Influence

The work was very influential, both directly and through the Hibernensis; especially the ninth abuse, the unjust king.^[1]

There is some direct evidence for the text's popularity in tenth-century England. Bishop Æthelwold of Winchester is known to have donated a copy to the Peterborough house.^[15] Ælfric of Eynsham drew on a version included in Abbo of Fleury's Collectio canonum for his Old English treatise De octo vitiis et de duodecim abusivis gradus, in which the section on the rex iniquus was translated whole.

Hellmann points out the extensive influence of the work upon Carolingian writings, such as the mirrors for princes, and later political literature.

Later, the work was quoted by multiple medieval theologians and scholars such as Vincent of Beauvais and John of Wales. Translations and adaptations in multiple vernacular languages were prepared.^[16]

Notes

^ Probably an Anglo-Saxon at the court of Charlemagne.^[1]

References

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Aelfric, Abbot of Eynsham (2013). Two Ælfric texts : the twelve abuses and the vices and virtues. Mary Clayton. Cambridge. ISBN 978-1-78204-191-7. OCLC 862973099.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Hellmann, Siegmund (1909). Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur. PIMS - University of Toronto. Berlin Kommission für Spätantike Religionsgeschichte, Akademie der Wissenschaften, Akademie-Verlag.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Anton, Hans Hubert. "Pseudo-Cyprian, De duodecim abusivis saeculi und sein Einfluß auf den Kontinent, insbesondere auf die karolingischen Fürstenspiegel, in Die Iren und Europa im früheren Mittelalter (1982) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2021-08-27.
^ Kenney, James F. (1929). The sources for the early history of Ireland : ecclesiastical : an introduction and guide. New York: Octagon Books. p. 282. ISBN 0-374-94560-8. OCLC 506596474.
^ Hughes, Kathleen (1987). Church and society in Ireland, A.D. 400-1200. D. N. Dumville. London: Variorum Reprints. ISBN 0-86078-206-9. OCLC 18321980.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Breen, Aidan (1988). Towards a critical edition of De XII Abusivis : Introductory essays with a provisional edition of the text and accompanied by an English translation (thesis thesis). Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of History. hdl:2262/77107.
^ Breen, Aidan. "De XII abusivis: text and transmission, in Ireland and Europe in the early Middle Ages (2002) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2021-08-27.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Bury, J. B. (1905). The life of St. Patrick and his place in history ([Impression 2] ed.). London: Macmillan and Co. ISBN 0-7905-4168-8. OCLC 296198.
^ Breen, Aidan. "Pseudo-Cyprian De duodecim abusivis saeculi and the Bible, in Irland und die Christenheit (1987) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2021-08-27.
^ Néill, Ó. "Romani influences on seventh-century Hiberno-Latin literature." Ireland and Europe: The Early Church (1984): 280-290.
^ Mews, Constant J. "The De XII Abusivis Saeculi and Prophetic Tradition in Seventh-Century Ireland', in Prophecy, Fate and Memory in the Early and Medieval Celtic World, ed. Jonathan Wooding and Lynette Olson. Sydney, 2020, 125-147: 139-43.
^ Joyce, Stephen J. "'Each in the Calling to Which They are Called': Images of Authority in the De XII Abusiuis Saeuli." Addressing Injustice in the Medieval Body Politic, ed. Constant J. Mews and Kathleen B. Neal. Amsterdam, 2023, 87-109: 92-3.
^ Breen, Aidan. "The date, provenance and authorship of the Pseudo-Patrician canonical materials, Zeitschfirt der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, Kanonistische Abteilung 81 (1995) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2021-08-27.
^ Mike Widener (July 28, 2010), More images in our Flickr galleries, Yale Law Library
^ Sawyer no. 1448. See Michael Lapidge, "Surviving booklists in Anglo-Saxon England." Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts. Basic Readings, ed. Mary P. Richards. London, 1994. 87–167: 117–9.
^ See Constant J. Mews and Kathleen B. Neal, "Justice and Its Abuse in the Medieval Body Politic." Addressing Injustice in the Medieval Body Politic, ed. Mews and Neal. Amsterdam, 2023. 15-34.

Внешние ссылки

Проект монашеской рукописи, двенадцать ISTER .
критическому изданию De xii obusivis : вступительные очерки с предварительным изданием текста и сопровождаемого английским переводом», Тринити -колледж (Дублин, Ирландия). Эйдан Брин, «На пути к онлайн в Таре.

[8] Probably an Anglo-Saxon at the court of Charlemagne.^[1]

[:0-1] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Aelfric, Abbot of Eynsham (2013). Two Ælfric texts : the twelve abuses and the vices and virtues. Mary Clayton. Cambridge. ISBN 978-1-78204-191-7. OCLC 862973099.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[:1-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Hellmann, Siegmund (1909). Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur. PIMS - University of Toronto. Berlin Kommission für Spätantike Religionsgeschichte, Akademie der Wissenschaften, Akademie-Verlag.

[:2-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b Anton, Hans Hubert. "Pseudo-Cyprian, De duodecim abusivis saeculi und sein Einfluß auf den Kontinent, insbesondere auf die karolingischen Fürstenspiegel, in Die Iren und Europa im früheren Mittelalter (1982) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2021-08-27.

[4] Kenney, James F. (1929). The sources for the early history of Ireland : ecclesiastical : an introduction and guide. New York: Octagon Books. p. 282. ISBN 0-374-94560-8. OCLC 506596474.

[5] Hughes, Kathleen (1987). Church and society in Ireland, A.D. 400-1200. D. N. Dumville. London: Variorum Reprints. ISBN 0-86078-206-9. OCLC 18321980.

[:3-6] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Breen, Aidan (1988). Towards a critical edition of De XII Abusivis : Introductory essays with a provisional edition of the text and accompanied by an English translation (thesis thesis). Trinity College (Dublin, Ireland). Department of History. hdl:2262/77107.

[7] Breen, Aidan. "De XII abusivis: text and transmission, in Ireland and Europe in the early Middle Ages (2002) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2021-08-27.

[:4-9] Jump up to: ^a ^b Bury, J. B. (1905). The life of St. Patrick and his place in history ([Impression 2] ed.). London: Macmillan and Co. ISBN 0-7905-4168-8. OCLC 296198.

[10] Breen, Aidan. "Pseudo-Cyprian De duodecim abusivis saeculi and the Bible, in Irland und die Christenheit (1987) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2021-08-27.

[11] Néill, Ó. "Romani influences on seventh-century Hiberno-Latin literature." Ireland and Europe: The Early Church (1984): 280-290.

[12] Mews, Constant J. "The De XII Abusivis Saeculi and Prophetic Tradition in Seventh-Century Ireland', in Prophecy, Fate and Memory in the Early and Medieval Celtic World, ed. Jonathan Wooding and Lynette Olson. Sydney, 2020, 125-147: 139-43.

[13] Joyce, Stephen J. "'Each in the Calling to Which They are Called': Images of Authority in the De XII Abusiuis Saeuli." Addressing Injustice in the Medieval Body Politic, ed. Constant J. Mews and Kathleen B. Neal. Amsterdam, 2023, 87-109: 92-3.

[14] Breen, Aidan. "The date, provenance and authorship of the Pseudo-Patrician canonical materials, Zeitschfirt der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, Kanonistische Abteilung 81 (1995) • CODECS: Online Database and e-Resources for Celtic Studies". www.vanhamel.nl. Retrieved 2021-08-27.

[15] Mike Widener (July 28, 2010), More images in our Flickr galleries, Yale Law Library

[16] Sawyer no. 1448. See Michael Lapidge, "Surviving booklists in Anglo-Saxon England." Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts. Basic Readings, ed. Mary P. Richards. London, 1994. 87–167: 117–9.

[17] See Constant J. Mews and Kathleen B. Neal, "Justice and Its Abuse in the Medieval Body Politic." Addressing Injustice in the Medieval Body Politic, ed. Mews and Neal. Amsterdam, 2023. 15-34.

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