Бдитель Трента
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Святой Бдитель Трента | |
|---|---|
 Saint Virgilius, and martyrs Sisinnius, Martyrius and Alexander. Paolo Naurizio, 1583. | |
| Bishop and martyr | |
| Born | ~353 possibly Trento |
| Died | 26 June 405 Val Rendena |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Major shrine | Trent |
| Feast | 26 June |
| Attributes | bishop holding a shoe; wooden clogs (Holzschuh)[1] |
| Patronage | Trento; Tyrol; mining and mines;[1] Diocese of Bolzano[1] |
Вигилий Трент ( Итальянский : Сан -Вигилио ди Тренто , немецкий : Vigilius von Trient ; ок. 353 - 26 июня 405) почитается как святой покровитель и епископ Трента . Его не следует путать с одноименной папой .
Жизнь
[ редактировать ]Согласно традиции, он был римским патрицином , сыном Максентии и человеком, чье имя иногда дается как Феодосий. Его братья, Клаудиан и Магорианец, также почитаются как святые. [ 2 ] Вигилиус получил образование в Афинах и, кажется, был другом Джона Чертостома .
In 380, Vigilius settled in the city of Trent and was chosen as the city's bishop. He may have been consecrated by either Ambrose of Milan or Valerian (Valerianus) of Aquileia. Ambrose donated the episcopal insignia and showed a paternal solicitude for Vigilius. As bishop, Vigilius attempted to convert Arians and pagans to Nicene Christianity and is said to have founded thirty parishes in his diocese. He is traditionally regarded as the founder of the Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, Trent. A letter attributed to Ambrose encourages Vigilius to oppose marriages between Christians and pagans.[3] Вигилиус также проповедовал в Брешии и Вероне , которые лежали за пределами его епархии.
His companions during his missions were Sisinnius, Martyrius and Alexander, who were sent by Ambrose to assist Vigilius.[4] Tradition makes these three natives of Cappadocia. A work called De Martyrio SS. Sisinnii, Martyrii et Alexandri is attributed to Vigilius.[3]
In 397, Sisinnius, Martyrius and Alexander (Sisinio, Martirio e Alessandro) were killed at Sanzeno after they attempted to convert the local population there to Christianity. Vigilius forgave their killers and had the remains of the three men sent to John Chrysostom in Constantinople, as well as to Simplician, Ambrose's successor, in Milan. Milan would later give some of those relics back to Sanzeno in the 20th century, where they rest in the (Basilica dei Santi Martiri).[4]
Vigilius is associated with the legend of Romedius, who is often depicted alongside or astride a bear. According to Romedius' hagiography, Romedius once wished to visit Vigilius, a friend of his youth, but Romedius' horse was torn to pieces by a wild bear. Romedius, however, had the bear bridled by his disciple David (Davide). The bear became docile and carried Romedius on its back to Trento.[5]
Death
[edit]
According to a much later tradition,[4] Vigilius, who had been accompanied by his brothers Claudian and Magorian as well as a priest named Julian, was killed in the present-day parish of Rendena, in the Rendena Valley, where he had been preaching to the locals there, who worshipped the god Saturn. Vigilius said Mass and overturned a statue of the god into the Sarca River. As punishment, he was stoned to death.[6][3]
A statue of the god Neptune stands atop a fountain in front of Vigilius' shrine in Trent today.
Veneration
[edit]
Vigilius was buried at a church that he built at Trent, later expanded by his successor Eugippius, and dedicated to Vigilius. This became Trento Cathedral.[3] He was immediately venerated after his death, and the acts of his life and death were sent to Rome, and Pope Innocent I, according to the Catholic Encyclopedia, "seems to have made a formal canonization, for Benedict XIV calls Vigilius the first martyr canonized by a pope."[3]
Vigilius' arm was removed as a separate relic and placed into its own reliquary in 1386.[3] He is venerated in Tyrol.[3] A German farmers' saying associated with a 2nd feast day of 31 January was: "Friert es zu Vigilius / im März die Eiseskälte kommen muss!" ("If it freezes on St. Vigilius' Day, frost will come in March!").[1] There are similar sayings associated with other "weather saints".
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Jump up to: a b c d Schäfer, Joachim. "Vigilius von Trent". Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon. Retrieved October 17, 2008.
- ^ "St. Vigilius of Trent", Faith Magazine, Roman Catholic Diocese of Lansing
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Mershman, Francis. "St. Vigilius." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 27 July 2018
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "San Vigilio". Santie Beati. February 1, 2001. Retrieved October 17, 2008.
- ^ "San Romedio". santiebeati.it. Retrieved May 24, 2014.
- ^ Монахи Рамсгейта. «Бдитель». Книга Святых , 1921. Католикаинтс.info. 11 ноября 2017 года.
Николас Эверетт, покровители раннего средневекового Италии AD C.350-800 (Pims/Durham University Press, 2016), стр. 124-138.
Внешние ссылки
[ редактировать ]- (на немецком) экуменический Heiligenlexikon, Vigilius_von_trient
- Бдитель
- (на немецком языке) J.leinweber, каноникции до 1234
