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Суперинтендант Военной академии США

Логотип Военной академии

Суперинтендант военной академии США является командиром академии. Эта должность примерно эквивалентна должности ректора или президента американского гражданского университета . Назначенный офицер, по традиции, является выпускником военной академии США , широко известной как «Вест -Пойнт». Однако это не является официальным требованием для этой должности.

Суперинтендантство часто было ступенькой к более высокому положению в армии. Четыре суперинтенданта стали начальником штаба армии : Хью Ленокс Скотт , Дуглас Макартур , Максвелл Дэвенпорт Тейлор и Уильям Уэстморленд . В список суперинтендантов входят пять обладателей Почетной медали : Оливер Отис Ховард , Дуглас Макартур , Альберт Леопольд Миллс , Джон Макаллистер Шофилд , Джон Молдер Уилсон . Пост в настоящее время является терминальным заданием в армии; В качестве условия для детализации должности офицеры по закону обязаны подтвердить, что они выйдут в отставку по окончании своего назначения. [ 1 ] Эта формулировка была призвана обеспечить независимость суперинтендантов от незаконного командного влияния ; однако на практике полученный статус « хромой утки » ограничивает их власть и влияние в армии. [ 2 ] С 2010 года армия рассматривает возможность возврата к предыдущей системе или отзыва на эту должность отставного офицера. [ 2 ] Прецедент обязательного выхода на пенсию не был соблюден, когда в июне 2022 года Дэррил А. Уильямс был назначен командующим армией США в Европе и Африке . [ 3 ]

Заготовка имеет звание генерал-лейтенанта и не засчитывается в установленный законом лимит армии на количество действующих офицеров выше звания генерал-майора . Например, генерал Эндрю Гудпастер первоначально ушел с действительной службы в звании генерала, был отозван, чтобы принять на себя обязанности суперинтенданта в звании генерал-лейтенанта, и вернулся к своему четырехзвездочному званию после второго выхода на пенсию.

Суперинтенданты

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Примечание. «Год обучения» относится к году обучения выпускника, который обычно совпадает с годом его окончания. Однако во время войны классы часто заканчиваются раньше.
Знак «-» в столбце года обучения указывает на суперинтенданта, который не является выпускником академии.
# Начинать Конец Имя Год занятий Известность Ссылки
1 1801 1803 Джонатан Уильямс  — Полковник ; Начальник инженеров ; Он освободился (а не подал в отставку) в июне 1803 года, вернувшись в суперинтенданство в апреле 1805 года; избран в Четырнадцатый Конгресс США в 1815 г. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ]
(действующий) 1803 1805 Дециус Уодсворт  — Полковник ; назначен 1 -м начальником боеприпасов в 1812 году; изобрел шифр Уодсворта в 1817 году [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ]
2 1805 1812 Джонатан Уильямс  — Полковник ; Начальник инженеров ; Он освободился (а не подал в отставку) в июне 1803 года, вернувшись в суперинтенданство в апреле 1805 года; избран в Четырнадцатый Конгресс США в 1815 г. [ 4 ] [ 6 ]
3 1812 1814 Джозеф Гарднер Свифт 1802 Бригадный генерал ; первый выпускник Академии; Главный инженер [а] [ 6 ]
4 1814 1817 Олден Партридж 1806 Капитан ; занимал должность исполняющего обязанности суперинтенданта и профессора инженерных наук; его администрация считалась неудовлетворительной и небрежной к своим обязанностям; когда был назначен Сильванус Тайер, Партридж отказался отказаться от командования и предстал перед военным трибуналом; Он был приговорен к кассиру в ноябре 1817 года и ушел из армии в апреле 1818 года [а] [ 10 ]
5 1817 1833 Сильванус Тайер 1808 Бригадный генерал ; «Отец Вест -Пойнт»; подчеркнуто инженерию; основал инженерные школы; помог основать Ассоциацию выпускников Академии; Премия Сильвануса Тайера, учрежденная Академией в его честь [а] [ 11 ] [ 12 ]
6 1833 1838 Рене Эдвард Де Русси 1812 Бригадный генерал ; военный инженер; армии Союза Ветеран [а] [ 13 ]
7 1838 1845 Ричард Делафилд 1818 Генерал -майор ; Начальник инженеров ; Ветеран гражданской войны американской гражданской войны ; занимал должности 7-го, 11-го и 13-го суперинтендантов. [а] [ 6 ]
8 1845 1852 Henry Brewerton 1819 Brigadier general; military engineer; Union Army veteran [a][14]
9 1852 1855 Robert E. Lee 1829 Colonel USA; graduated second in his class at the Academy, without demerits; son George Washington Custis Lee, class of 1854, graduated first in class; served in Confederate States Army ( 1861–1865); President, Washington and Lee University (1865–70) [a][15]
10 1855 1856 John Gross Barnard 1833 Major general; military engineer; Union Army veteran [a][16]
11 1856 1861 Richard Delafield 1818 Major general; Chief of Engineers; Union Army veteran; served as 7th, 11th, and 13th Superintendents [a][6]
12 1861 1861 Pierre Gustave Toutant (P.G.T.) Beauregard 1838 General CSA; military engineer; ordered the firing of shots at Fort Sumter, South Carolina that started the Civil War [a][17]
13 1861 1861 Richard Delafield 1818 Major general; Chief of Engineers; Union Army veteran; served as 7th, 11th, and 13th Superintendents [a][6]
14 1861 1864 Alexander Hamilton Bowman 1825 Lieutenant Colonel; military engineer; son Charles Stuart Bowman graduated from the Academy, class of 1860 [a][18]
15 1864 1864 Zealous Bates Tower 1841 Major general; military engineer; Union Army veteran [a][19]
16 1864 1866 George Washington Cullum 1833 Brigadier general; military engineer; wrote Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y. in 1891 and developed the Cullum number system [a][20]
17 1866 1871 Thomas Gamble Pitcher 1845 Brigadier general; veteran of Battle of Harper's Ferry, Mexican–American War, and the Civil War [a][21]
18 1871 1876 Thomas H. Ruger 1854 Major general; military engineer and lawyer; veteran of Civil War; military engineer and lawyer; military Governor of Georgia (1868) [a][22]
19 1876 1881 John McAllister Schofield 1853 Lieutenant general; recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions leading an attack at the Battle of Wilson's Creek; Superintendent of the Academy (1876–81); Commanding General of the United States Army (1888–95) [a][23]
20 1881 1882 Oliver Otis Howard 1854 Major general; recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions leading an attack at the Battle of Seven Pines despite wound which resulted in the loss of his right arm; led the campaign against Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce tribe; founder of Howard University [a][24]
21 1882 1887 Wesley Merritt 1860 Major general; veteran of the Civil War and Spanish–American War; first Military Governor of the Philippines [a][23]
22 1887 1889 John Parke 1849 Major general; military engineer; Union Army veteran [a][25]
23 1889 1893 John Moulder Wilson 1860 Brigadier general; recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions at the Battle of Malvern Hill though acutely ill; Chief of Engineers (1897–1901) [a][6]
24 1893 1898 Oswald Herbert Ernst 1864 Major general; military engineer; Union Army and Spanish–American War veteran [a][26]
25 1898 1906 Albert Leopold Mills 1879 Major general; recipient of the Medal of Honor for continuing to lead his men at the Battle of San Juan Hill despite being shot in the head and temporarily blinded; appointed Superintendent to West Point by President McKinley, which carried automatic promotion from First Lieutenant to Colonel [a][27][28]
26 1906 1910 Hugh L. Scott 1876 Major general; learned to speak many western Native American languages; Chief of Staff of the Army (1914–17) [a][29]
27 1910 1912 Thomas Henry Barry 1877 Major general; cavalry and infantry officer; veteran of Indian Wars, China Relief Expedition, and Philippine–American War [a][30]
28 1912 1916 Clarence Page Townsley 1881 Major general; coastal artillery officer; commanded 30th Infantry Division during World War I [a][31]
29 1916 1917 John Biddle 1881 Major general; military engineer; World War I veteran [a][32]
30 1917 1919 Samuel Escue Tillman 1869 Brigadier general; recalled from retirement during World War I to serve as superintendent; refused to add military aviation to the curriculum; instructor at the Academy for more than 30 years; author of numerous books on chemistry and geology [a][33]
31 1919 1922 Douglas MacArthur 1903 General of the Army, Field Marshal in the Philippine Army; United States occupation of Veracruz; Second Battle of the Marne, Battle of Saint-Mihiel, Meuse-Argonne Offensive during World War I; commander of the 42nd Infantry Division; established Honor Code, and intramural sports at the U.S. Military Academy; brigade commander in the Philippine Division; commander of the Philippine Department; Chief of Staff of the United States Army (1930–35); recipient of the Medal of Honor for actions during the Battle of Bataan, commander of the South West Pacific Area during World War II; Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers during the Occupation of Japan; Korean War; grandson of Wisconsin Governor Arthur MacArthur Sr.; son of Lieutenant General and Medal of Honor recipient Arthur MacArthur Jr. [a][34][35]
32 1922 1925 Fred Winchester Sladen 1890 Major general; Superintendent of Fort McHenry National Monument (1931–32) [a][36]
33 1926 1927 Merch Bradt Stewart 1896 Brigadier general; infantry officer; Spanish–American War veteran; commander 175th Infantry Brigade during World War I [a][37]
34 1927 1928 Edwin Baruch Winans 1891 Major general; instructor at military schools; commended for leadership of the 10th Cavalry Regiment [a][38]
35 1929 1932 William Ruthven Smith 1892 Major general; artillery and infantry officer; commanded 36th Infantry Division during World War I [a][39]
36 1932 1938 William Durward Connor 1897 Major general; awarded two Silver Stars; Commandant of Army War College [a]
37 1938 1940 Jay Leland Benedict 1904 Major general; artillery and staff officer; Army General Staff during World War II [a][40]
38 1940 1942 Robert L. Eichelberger 1909 General; American Expeditionary Force Siberia; commanded Eighth United States Army in World War II [a][41]
39 1942 1945 Francis Bowditch Wilby 1905 Major general; Chief of Staff of First United States Army (1939–41) [a][42]
40 1945 1949 Maxwell Davenport Taylor 1922 General; developed the phrasing of the Cadet Honor Code at the Academy; commander of 101st Airborne Division (1944–45); Chief of Staff of the Army (1955–59); Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1962–64); United States Ambassador to South Vietnam (1964–65) [a][43]
41 1949 1951 Bryant Edward Moore August 1917 General; commanded 8th Infantry Division killed in a helicopter crash on 24 February 1951 while commanding the IX Corps during the Korean War [a][44]
42 1951 1954 Frederick Augustus Irving April 1917 Major general; commander 24th Infantry Division during World War II [a][45]
43 1954 1956 Blackshear M. Bryan 1922 Lieutenant general; commanded Prisoner of War Division for all the United States during World War II; commanded First United States Army (1957–60); his son, Blackshear M. Bryan Jr., class of 1954, was killed in Vietnam [a][46]
44 1956 1960 Garrison H. Davidson 1927 Lieutenant general; Academy football coach (1933–37); combat engineer during World War II and the Korean War; helped construct The Pentagon [a][47]
45 1960 1963 William Westmoreland 1936 General; Distinguished Eagle Scout; given the Pershing Sword for the most able cadet upon graduation from the Academy; commander 101st Airborne Division; commander Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (1964–68); Chief of Staff of the Army (1968–72) [a][48]
46 1963 1966 James Benjamin Lampert 1936 Lieutenant general; combat engineer during World War II; early pioneer of nuclear weapons and nuclear power, served as General Leslie Groves' executive officer as part of the Manhattan Project after World War II; his father, James G. B. Lampert, class of 1910 was killed in World War I [a][49]
47 1966 1969 Donald V. Bennett 1940 General; Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency (1969–72); commander United States Army Pacific (1972–74) [a][50]
48 1969 1970 Samuel William Koster 1942 Major general but demoted to brigadier general and denied a promotion to lieutenant general for covering up the My Lai Massacre [a][51]
49 1970 1974 William Allen Knowlton January 1943 General; World War II and Vietnam War veteran; his daughter married General David Petraeus who was a cadet while Knowlton was Superintendent; Chief of Staff for United States European Command (1974–76) [a][52]
50 1974 1977 Sidney Bryan Berry 1948 Lieutenant general; Korean and Vietnam War veteran, wounded twice in Vietnam; Superintendent during the time women were first admitted to the Academy; Commissioner of Public Safety for the state of Mississippi (1980–84) [a][53]
51 1977 1981 Andrew Jackson Goodpaster 1939 General; 8th Infantry Division (1961–62); Supreme Allied Commander, Europe (1969–74); Commander in Chief of the United States European Command (CINCEUR) (1969–74); retired then became Superintendent, then retired a second time [a][54]
52 1981 1986 Willard Warren Scott Jr. 1948 Lieutenant general; commander 25th Infantry Division (1976–78); commander V Corps (1980–81) [a][55]
53 1986 1991 Dave Richard Palmer 1956 Lieutenant general; military historian; instructor at the Academy and the Vietnamese National Military Academy [56]
54 1991 1996 Howard D. Graves 1961 Lieutenant general; Rhodes Scholar; military engineer; Chancellor of the Texas A&M University System (1999–2003) [57]
55 1996 2001 Daniel William Christman 1965 Lieutenant general; graduated first in his class in 1965; Senior Vice President for International Affairs, U.S. Chamber of Commerce; four-time recipient of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal. [58]
56 2001 2006 William James Lennox Jr. 1971 Lieutenant general; artillery and staff officer; Deputy Commanding General Eighth United States Army; doctorate in literature from Princeton University [59]
57 2006 2010 Franklin Lee Hagenbeck 1971 Lieutenant general; commander 10th Mountain Division (2001–03) [60]
58 2010 2013 David H. Huntoon 1973 Lieutenant general; Director of the Army Staff; Former Commandant of the U.S. Army War College [61]
59 2013 2018 Robert L. Caslen 1975 Lieutenant general; chief of staff for Combined Joint Task Force-180 (CJTF-180) in Afghanistan from May through September 2002; Chief of the Office of Security Cooperation for Iraq [62]
60 2018 2022 Darryl A. Williams 1983 Lieutenant general; Managed U.S. response to the West African Ebola virus epidemic in 2016; Commander of NATO Allied Land Command (2016–2018); First black superintendent in the academy's history; Commanding General of United States Army Europe and Africa (2022–present) [63]
61 2022 Steven W. Gilland 1990 Lieutenant general; Academy's commandant of cadets (2017–2019), Commander of the 2nd Infantry Division (2019–2021) [64]
Джонатан Уильямс (1801–03), (1805–12)
Джозеф Свифт (1812–14)
Сильванус Тейер (1817–1833)
Роберт Э. Ли (1852–55)
Ричард Делафилд (1856–61)
George Cullum (1864–66)
John Schofield (1876–81)
Douglas MacArthur (1919–22)
Maxwell Taylor (1945–49)
Garrison Davidson (1956–60)
William Westmoreland (1960–63)
Andrew Goodpaster (1977–81)
Daniel Christman (1996–2001)
Franklin Hagenbeck (2006–10)
Darryl Williams (2018–2022)

See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Superintendents of the United States Military Academy.

References

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General

^ a: Special Collections: Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U. S. Military Academy. West Point, NY: United States Military Academy Library. 1950.

Inline citations
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  60. ^ John Doherty (28 February 2006). "New Point leader named". Times Herald-Record. Retrieved 22 September 2013.
  61. ^ "Lt. Gen. David H. Huntoon Jr. Becomes New Superintendent of West Point". Fox News. 22 July 2010. Retrieved 22 September 2013.
  62. ^ Майк Страссер (17 июля 2013 г.). «Каслен принимает на себя командование Вест-Пойнтом» . Армия Соединенных Штатов . Проверено 22 сентября 2013 г.
  63. ↑ Вест-Пойнт стал первым чернокожим суперинтендантом за 216-летнюю историю. Проверено 6 июля 2018 г.
  64. ^ «Вест -Пойнт приветствует нового суперинтенданта» . Военная академия США . Вест-Пойнт , Нью-Йорк : Связи с общественностью Вест-Пойнта. 24 июня 2022 г. Проверено 25 июня 2022 г.

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Superintendent of the United States Military Academy - Wikipedia
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