Baitul Mukarram
| Национальная мечеть Иерусалима Мукаррама | |
|---|---|
Национальная мечеть Baitul Mukarram | |
 | |
| Религия | |
| Принадлежность | ислам |
| Округ | Дакка район |
| Владение | Правительство Бангладеш |
| Год освящен | 1959 |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | Topkhana Road, Paltan Dhaka |
| Country | Bangladesh |
  Shown within Dhaka | |
| Administration | Ministry of Religious Affairs |
| Geographic coordinates | 23°43′46″N 90°24′46″E / 23.7294°N 90.4128°E |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Abdulhusein M. Thariani |
| Type | Neo-islamic |
| Style | Islamic Architecture |
| Founder | Government of East Pakistan |
| Funded by | Abdul Latif Ibrahim Bhawani |
| General contractor | Thariani & Co. |
| Groundbreaking | 27 January 1960 |
| Completed | 1968 |
| Specifications | |
| Capacity | 42,000+ |
| Height (max) | 99 feet |
Baytul ( Бенгали : Байтул ; Lit. Мукаррам Mukarrom [ 1 ] расположен в центре Дакки , столицы Бангладеш. Мечеть была завершена в 1968 году. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Он обладает более чем 42 000 верующих. [ 4 ]
История
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Комплекс мечети был спроектирован архитектором Абдузюзейном М. Тарьяни . [ 5 ] 27 апреля 1959 года Абдул Латиф Ибрагим Бавани, владелец тогдашнего Бавани Джут -Миллса, провел встречу в своем доме с Га Мадани, Хаджи Абдалом Латиф Бавани, М.Х. Адамджи, Сттаром, Муаммадом Садиком, Зн Резаем Каримом и генерал -майором Умрао Кханом. [ 6 ] На этой встрече он предложил генерал -майору Хану, тогдашнему военному администратору Восточного Пакистана , чтобы в Дакке была построена великая мечеть. Умрао Хан согласился помочь построить такую мечети. В том же году был создан комитет мечети Байтул Мукаррам, который 8,30 акров земли между новым дхака и старой Даккой был выбран . В то время в нынешней мечети был большой пруд. Он был известен как Paltan Pond. Пруд был заполнен, а 27 января 1960 года, тогдашний президент Пакистана Аюба Хан , начал работу. Молитвы проходили впервые в пятницу, 25 января 1963 года. 28 марта 1975 года правительство Бангладеш поручило управление мечетью Исламскому фонду Бангладеш . [7]
The mosque complex includes shops, offices, libraries and parking areas within it. Unusually, the mosque does not have a dome. In 2008, the mosque was extended, financed by a donation from the government of Saudi Arabia.[8][9]
Architecture
[edit]The mosque has several modern architectural features whilst at the same time it preserves the traditional principles of Mughal architecture which has for some time been dominant in the Indian sub-continent.[citation needed] Baitul Mukarram's large cube shape was modeled after that of the Kaaba at Mecca,[5] making it a noticeable structure unlike any other mosque in Bangladesh.
Exterior design
[edit]The mosque is on a very high platform. The Baitul Mukarram National Mosque's building is eight storied and 99 feet high from the ground level. According to the original plan, the main entrance of the mosque was to be on the eastern side. The 'shaan' on the east is 29,000 square feet with ablution space on its south and north sides. Ablution or Wu'du Place cached an important part when the Baitul Mukarram was begun. The absence of a dome on the main building is compensated by the two superficial domed entrance porticoes, one on the south, and the other on the north. The height of these porticoes consists of three rabbit's foot shaped arches, the middle of which is bigger than the rest.
Interior design
[edit]Two patios (roofless inner courtyard) ensure that enough light and air enter the prayer hall of Baitul Mukarram National Mosque. The prayer niché of the hall is rectangular instead of semi-circular. Excessive ornamentation is avoided throughout the mosque, since minimizing ornamentation is typical of modern architecture.
Garden
[edit]The garden is laid out in a style borrowed heavily from Mughal gardens, however unlike the traditional Mughal gardens which represent the Islamic Heaven, the garden does not have the Char-Bagh system, most likely due to not having enough room for such a garden. The future of this garden is unknown; if the Bangladeshi government extends the mosque, it will most likely have to remove the garden.
Khatibs
[edit]| Serial | Name | Term | Notes |
| 1 | Abdur Rahman Bekhud (1904–1987) | 1963–1971 | |
| 2 | Usman Madani | 1971 | Acting khatib during Bangladesh Liberation War |
| 3 | Amimul Ehsan Barkati (1911–1974) | 1971–1974 | |
| 4 | Abdul Muiz (1919–1984) | 1974–1984 | |
| 5 | Ubaidul Haq (1928–2007) | 1984–2007 | Longest-serving khatib[10] |
| 6 | Muhammad Nuruddin (1954–2009) | 2007–2009 | Acting |
| 7 | Mohammed Salahuddin (1944–2022) | 2009–2022 | |
| 8 | Ruhul Amin Faridpuri | 2022–2024 | Expelled |
Gallery
[edit]-
Corridor -
Design of inner arch -
Main entrance and Minaret -
Newly built ceiling -
Inside view of the Mosque -
Prayer place for the imam (to the left of the minbar) -
Interior (lower angle) -
Architecture of Baitul Mukarram National Mosque
See also
[edit]- Timeline of Islamic history
- List of mosques in Bangladesh
- Islamic art
- List of mosques
- Islam in Bangladesh
- Architecture of Bangladesh
- Haqqani Anjuman
- Bengali Muslims
- List of Qawmi Madrasas in Bangladesh
- Religion in Bangladesh
References
[edit]- ^ "5 Eid jamaats to be held at Baitul Mukarram". Dhaka Tribune. 11 June 2024. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
- ^ Md. Shahidul Amin (2012). "Baitul Mukarram Mosque". In Islam, Sirajul; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 24 September 2024.
- ^ Thariani and Co: Architects and Engineers. Booklet in section under projects completed "mosques".
- ^ Tan, Tai Yong; Kudaisya, Gyanesh (2000). The Aftermath of Partition in South Asia. Routledge. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-415-17297-4.
... the Al-Baitul Mukarram, the largest mosque in East Pakistan, which could accommodate 42,000+ devotees for congregational worship.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Khan, Hasan-Uddin (1990). "The Mosque". Expressions of Islam in Buildings. Proceedings of an international seminar sponsored by the Aga Khan Award for Architecture and the Indonesian Institute of Architects, held in Jakarta and Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 15–19 October 1990. Geneva: Aga Khan Trust for Culture. p. 119. ISBN 978-2-88207-006-7.
It takes the historical model of the Kaaba in Mecca as its formal reference. Architect: A.H. Thariani
- ^ বাইতুল মোকাররমের শুরুর কথা. Daily Inqilab (in Bengali). 28 January 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
- ^ 5 лет первых молитв в Байтул Мукаррам Полем Канно -стул (помнит). 25 января 2021 года . Получено 6, 2022 .
- ^ «Пожертвование Саудовской Аравии для продления национальной мечети Байтул Мукаррам» . Ежедневная звезда . 21 октября 2008 г.
- ^ Коллоль, Кадир (14 апреля 2021 года). Baitul Mukarram: Поскольку семейная инициатива стала Национальной мечетью Бангладеш Полем BBC Bangla (в бенгальском языке) . Получено 6 декабря 2022 года .
- ^ «Хатиб Обайдул Хак уходит» . Daily Star (Бангладеш) . 8 октября 2007 г.
Внешние ссылки
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