Отдел складов военно-морских боеприпасов

Отдел складов военно-морских боеприпасов
Обзор отдела
Сформированный	1891
Растворенный	1918
Заменяющее агентство	Отдел снабжения вооружением ;
Юрисдикция	Правительство Соединенного Королевства
Штаб-квартира	Здание Адмиралтейства ; Уайтхолл ; Лондон
Руководитель отдела	Суперинтендант магазинов ;
Головной отдел	Департамент военно-морского вооружения

Отдел артиллерийских складов ВМФ , ^[1] было бывшим отделом Адмиралтейства , ответственным за управление хранилищами военно-морских боеприпасов и складами Королевского флота. Департаментом руководил суперинтендант складов. ^[2] При поддержке различных заместителей и помощников суперинтендантов он существовал с 1891 по 1918 год, когда его заменил Департамент снабжения вооружением.

История

В 1891 году было принято решение разделить ответственность за обеспечение вооружением (соответственно для армии и флота) между Военным министерством и Адмиралтейством, при этом активы (включая помещения, персонал, оборудование и суда снабжения) были разделены между двумя службами. Со своей стороны, Адмиралтейство учредило новый отдел складов военно-морских боеприпасов, базирующийся в Королевском арсенале в Вулидже и управляемый директором артиллерийских складов ВМФ.

В рамках этого процесса артиллерийские верфи в Портсмуте и Чатеме были разделены на две части между ВМФ и армией, как и складские помещения в Вулиджском арсенале; В Плимуте оружейная верфь Девонпорта осталась за армией, поэтому новая военно-морская артиллерийская пристань была построена на территории Королевского продовольственного двора Уильяма . Другие места хранения боеприпасов (в том числе те, которые изначально были разделены) в конечном итоге перешли либо к одной службе, либо к другой; в составе армии остались артиллерийские склады Пурфлит , Типнер и Уидон.

В меморандуме от 18 января 1892 г. говорилось, что: ^[3]

... Официальные обозначения складов военно-морской артиллерии в нижеуказанных местах будут следующими: Вулидж: HM Naval Gunwharf, Вулиджский арсенал; Priddy's Hard : HM Naval Magazine; Портсмут: HM Gunwharf; Плимут: HM Naval Gunwharf; Булл-Пойнт, Девонпорт : Журнал HM Naval Magazine; Чатем: HM Naval Gunwharf; Апнор , Рочестер : Журнал HM Naval Magazine.

Однако к началу 20-го века все эти объекты были официально известны как Королевские военно-морские артиллерийские склады (как и более мелкие склады, принадлежащие Адмиралтейству, как внутри страны, так и за рубежом).

Лишь в последнее десятилетие девятнадцатого века порох начал терять свое первенство в производстве боеприпасов. Кордит был запатентован в 1889 году и вскоре нашел широкое применение в качестве бездымного топлива; а с 1896 г. лиддит стал заменять порох в разрывных снарядах. Ганкоттон (запатентованный в 1846 году, но впоследствии мало использовавшийся из-за опасностей, присущих его производству) в конечном итоге стал использоваться в военно-морских минах и торпедах. К концу века склады боеприпасов были расширены и приспособлены для обеспечения специализированных магазинов для хранения этих взрывчатых веществ, а также значительных отдельных складов для снарядов и мин. (Торпеды, а позже и мины хранились на отдельных складах.) Требования к хранению кордита и сухой пушки, в частности, привели к характерной планировке складов в двадцатом веке: как серии небольших, индивидуально пересекаемых, легко крытых складов. , одноэтажные дома, соединенные между собой узкоколейными железными дорогами.

Несколько новых складов были созданы во время или в преддверии Первой мировой войны, в том числе несколько в Шотландии , где новые военно-морские верфи открылись в Росайте и Инвергордоне .

Суперинтенданты

Включено:

Генерал-лейтенант Леонард Т. Пиз, 1891–1902 гг.
Контр-адмирал Сидней Эрдли-Уилмот , 25 февраля 1902–1909 гг.
Капитан Баррингтон Х. Шевалье в отставке, 1909–1916 гг. ^[4]
Капитан Герберт Р. Норбери, 1916–1918 гг. ^[5]

Боеприпасы

Примечание: склады боеприпасов обычно располагались на следующих верфях и в портах и находились в ведении офицеров-артиллеристов. ^[6]

См. также

Департамент военно-морского вооружения

Ссылки

^ Архивы, Национальный. «Военно-морской артиллерийский отдел, комитет адмирала Фанеса» . Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk . Национальный архив, 1901 г., ADM 116/126 . Проверено 30 марта 2017 г.
^ Кеннеди, Грег (20 апреля 2016 г.). Британская война на море, 1914–1918 годы: война, о которой они думали, и война, в которой они воевали . Рутледж. п. 85. ИСБН 9781317172215 .
^ Семарк (1997). Страница 6.
^ Уотсон, Грэм; Смит, Грэм. «Британское Адмиралтейство, Первая мировая война» . www.naval-history.net . Грэм Смит, 21 октября 2014 г. Проверено 30 марта 2017 г.
^ Уотсон, Грэм; Смит, Грэм. «Британское Адмиралтейство, Первая мировая война» . www.naval-history.net . Грэм Смит, 21 октября 2014 г. Проверено 30 марта 2017 г.
^ Уотсон, Грэм; Смит, Грэм. «Британское Адмиралтейство, Первая мировая война» . www.naval-history.net . Грэм Смит, 21 октября 2014 г. Проверено 30 марта 2017 г.

Источники

Семарк, HW (1997). Склады королевского военно-морского вооружения в Приддис-Харде, Элсоне, Фратере и Бедебхэме (Госпорт, Хэмпшир) с 1768 по 1977 год. Винчестер: Совет графства Хэмпшир. ISBN 1-85975-132-6 .

[1] Архивы, Национальный. «Военно-морской артиллерийский отдел, комитет адмирала Фанеса» . Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk . Национальный архив, 1901 г., ADM 116/126 . Проверено 30 марта 2017 г.

[2] Кеннеди, Грег (20 апреля 2016 г.). Британская война на море, 1914–1918 годы: война, о которой они думали, и война, в которой они воевали . Рутледж. п. 85. ИСБН 9781317172215 .

[semark-6-3] Семарк (1997). Страница 6.

[4] Уотсон, Грэм; Смит, Грэм. «Британское Адмиралтейство, Первая мировая война» . www.naval-history.net . Грэм Смит, 21 октября 2014 г. Проверено 30 марта 2017 г.

[5] Уотсон, Грэм; Смит, Грэм. «Британское Адмиралтейство, Первая мировая война» . www.naval-history.net . Грэм Смит, 21 октября 2014 г. Проверено 30 марта 2017 г.

[6] Уотсон, Грэм; Смит, Грэм. «Британское Адмиралтейство, Первая мировая война» . www.naval-history.net . Грэм Смит, 21 октября 2014 г. Проверено 30 марта 2017 г.

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