Воздушный департамент

Воздушный департамент
Обзор отдела
Сформированный	1910
Растворенный	1920
Заменяющее агентство	Воздушная секция ;
Юрисдикция	Правительство Соединенного Королевства
Штаб-квартира	Здание Адмиралтейства ; Уайтхолл ; Лондон
Головной отдел	Адмиралтейство

Воздушное управление Британского Адмиралтейства (позже сменившееся Авиационной секцией и Авиационной дивизией ) было создано перед Первой мировой войной Уинстоном Черчиллем для управления Королевской военно-морской воздушной службой . ^[1]

История

В 1908 году британское правительство признало необходимость изучения возможности использования самолетов в военных и военно-морских целях. С этой целью премьер-министр Его Превосходительство Асквит одобрил создание «Консультативного комитета по аэронавтике» и «Воздушного подкомитета Комитета имперской обороны». Оба комитета состояли из политиков, армейских офицеров и офицеров Королевского флота.

Воздушное управление было создано в Адмиралтействе в 1910 году и первоначально отвечало за постройку дирижабля. ^[2] К 1911 году компания расширила свою деятельность до машин тяжелее воздуха. В начале 1912 года он стал совместно отвечать с Управлением военной аэронавтики Королевского летного корпуса , имевшего отдельные военные и военно-морские крылья. ^[3]

После продолжительного обсуждения в Комитете имперской обороны 13 апреля 1912 года Королевский летный корпус был сформирован Королевским ордером. Он включил в себя формирующийся отряд военно-морской авиации, а также авиационный батальон Королевских инженеров . ^[4] Он состоял из двух крыльев: военного и военно-морского.

Летом 1912 года, в знак признания расширения авиаотрасли, капитан Мюррей Суетер был назначен директором недавно созданного авиационного департамента Адмиралтейства. ^[5] В полномочиях Сутера, изложенных в сентябре 1912 года, говорилось, что он несет ответственность перед Адмиралтейством за «все вопросы, связанные с военно-морской авиацией». ^[6]

Функция отдела заключалась в содействии развитию морской авиации , а затем в надзоре за Королевской военно-морской воздушной службой (RNAS). Его первым директором был капитан Мюррей Суетер . В 1915 году, с ростом военно-морской воздушной службы, должность директора авиационного департамента была упразднена и заменена должностью директора воздушной службы. На этой новой должности был назначен флагман , а первым директором был контр-адмирал Чарльз Воган-Ли . ^[7]

В июле 1914 года военно-морское крыло стало отдельной службой, известной как Королевская военно-морская воздушная служба , находящейся под единоличным контролем Департамента авиации. С началом Первой мировой войны RNAS стала отвечать за сотрудничество с ВМФ, за бомбардировку всех военно-морских целей на море и в портах. ^[3]

Первоначально британская военно-морская авиация находилась в ведении главнокомандующего Нора . В феврале 1915 года RNAS была передана под командование директора авиационного департамента (капитана Мюррея Сутера), хотя дисциплинарные полномочия в отношении персонала RNAS ему не были предоставлены. В июле 1915 года произошла дальнейшая реорганизация, когда должность директора авиационного департамента была упразднена и заменена должностью директора воздушной службы (контр-адмирал Чарльз Воан-Ли). ^[8]

В январе 1918 года контроль над (RNAS), за исключением дирижаблей и аэростатов, еще в 1916 году находился в ведении директора военно-морского строительства и который Адмиралтейство сохраняло до 1919 года, а в апреле 1918 года перешло к Министерству авиации после его реструктуризации. объединились с RFC как Королевские ВВС . Адмиралтейство сохраняло контроль над военно-морскими операциями своих авианосцев на море, а военно-морские офицеры, однако, перевели свой личный состав в ВВС Великобритании для обучения и службы. ^[3]

В 1920 году авиационное управление было переименовано в Авиационное отделение Морского штаба Адмиралтейства , которое, в свою очередь, в 1924 году было переименовано в Авиадивизию . ^[1]

Директора

Директор Авиационного департамента (DAD) занимал должность в Адмиралтействе с 1912 по 1915 год, его сменил директор Воздушной службы до 1917 года. Директор отвечал перед Адмиралтейским советом по вопросам авиации и руководил Авиационным департаментом Адмиралтейства.

Коммодор Мюррей Ф. Свитер , 1912–1915 гг.
Контр-адмирал Чарльз Воан-Ли , 1915–1917.

Проектирование и производство самолетов

В период с 1915 года Департамент авиации произвел несколько собственных конструкций самолетов, но они были построены признанными внешними производителями самолетов.

Летающая лодка AD - построена Supermarine.
AD Navyplane - построен Supermarine
AD Scout - построен компаниями Blackburn , Hewlett и Blondeau.
Гидросамолет AD Type 1000 - построен Дж. Сэмюэлем Уайтом.

Ссылки

^ Jump up to: ^а ^б Смит, Гордон. «Британское Адмиралтейство, Первая мировая война» . naval-history.net . naval-history.net, 21 октября 2014 г. Проверено 1 февраля 2017 г.
^ Архивы, Национальный. «Адмиралтейство и министерство авиации: завод военно-морских самолетов, позже завод королевских дирижаблей, Кардингтон: переписка и документы» . Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk . Национальный архив, 1911–1939, AIR 11 . Проверено 1 марта 2017 г.
^ Jump up to: ^а ^б ^с «Отчеты Департамента авиации, авиации флота, воздушной службы Королевского военно-морского флота и департамента авиационного оборудования» . Национальный архив . Проверено 2 марта 2017 г. Эта статья содержит цитаты из этого источника, который доступен по лицензии Open Government v3.0 . © Авторские права Короны.
^ Роскилл 1969 , с. 37.
^ Роскилл 1969 , с. 56.
^ Роскилл 1969 , с. 60.
^ «Реорганизация Британской воздушной службы» (PDF) . Нью-Йорк Таймс . 9 сентября 1915 г.
^ Жубер де ла Ферте, Филип (1955). Третья служба . Лондон: Темза и Гудзон. стр. 37, 38.

Источники

Роскилл, Стивен Вентворт (1969), Документы, относящиеся к военно-морской авиации: 1908–1918 , том. Я, Лондон: Общество военно-морских рекордов

[British_Admiralty_World_War_1-1] Jump up to: ^а ^б Смит, Гордон. «Британское Адмиралтейство, Первая мировая война» . naval-history.net . naval-history.net, 21 октября 2014 г. Проверено 1 февраля 2017 г.

[2] Архивы, Национальный. «Адмиралтейство и министерство авиации: завод военно-морских самолетов, позже завод королевских дирижаблей, Кардингтон: переписка и документы» . Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk . Национальный архив, 1911–1939, AIR 11 . Проверено 1 марта 2017 г.

[National_Archives-3] Jump up to: ^а ^б ^с «Отчеты Департамента авиации, авиации флота, воздушной службы Королевского военно-морского флота и департамента авиационного оборудования» . Национальный архив . Проверено 2 марта 2017 г. Эта статья содержит цитаты из этого источника, который доступен по лицензии Open Government v3.0 . © Авторские права Короны.

[FOOTNOTERoskill196937-4] Роскилл 1969 , с. 37.

[FOOTNOTERoskill196956-5] Роскилл 1969 , с. 56.

[FOOTNOTERoskill196960-6] Роскилл 1969 , с. 60.

[7] «Реорганизация Британской воздушной службы» (PDF) . Нью-Йорк Таймс . 9 сентября 1915 г.

[8] Жубер де ла Ферте, Филип (1955). Третья служба . Лондон: Темза и Гудзон. стр. 37, 38.

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