Китайский университет Минзу
Центральный национальный университет | |||
 | |||
Бывшие имена | Центральный университет по национальности | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Девиз | Соединенные Штаты и Соединенные Штаты, Соединенные Штаты, знают и делают один | ||
Девиз на английском языке | Разнообразие в единстве, теория на практике [ 1 ] | ||
| Тип | Национальный | ||
| Учредил | 1941 | ||
| Принадлежность | Национальная комиссия по делам по этническим вопросам , UASR | ||
| Party Secretary | Zhang Jingze | ||
Academic staff | 1,200 | ||
Administrative staff | 1,991 (including academic staff) | ||
| Students | 15,800 | ||
| Undergraduates | 11,200 | ||
| Postgraduates | 4,600 | ||
| Location | , China 39°56′54″N 116°19′03″E / 39.94833°N 116.31750°E | ||
| Campus | Urban | ||
| Website | www | ||
| Chinese name | |||
| Simplified Chinese | 中央民族大学 | ||
| Traditional Chinese | 中央民族大學 | ||
| Literal meaning | Central Ethnic Groups/Nationalities University | ||
| |||
( Китайский университет Минзу MUC ) - это Национальный государственный университет в Пекине , Китай. Он связан с Национальной комиссией по этническим делам Китая. Университет является частью проекта 211 , проекта 985 и двойного первоклассного строительства . [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Университет Минзу занял первое место в Китае среди университетов по исследованиям этнических меньшинств. [ 4 ] Он стремится стать одним из лучших университетов в своем роде в мире для наследства и продвижения превосходной культуры всех этнических групп. [ 5 ] При сильной поддержке китайского правительства оно быстро развивалось на протяжении многих лет. MUC является одним из самых престижных университетов в Китае в области этнологии, антропологии, этнической экономики, региональной экономики, изучения религии, истории, танцев и изобразительных искусств. [ 6 ]
Имя
[ редактировать ]
The Chinese name has the meaning "central ethnic university", suggesting a national-level university focused on serving minority ethnic groups. The old English name translated the ethnic term as "nationalities", based on the term used in German and Russian language Marxist texts. On 20 November 2008, the university changed its official English name,[7] apparently citing concerns that "central" might imply a location in the geographical centre of China (as it does in South-Central University for Nationalities), and the old name did not sound good. The name change of Renmin University has been cited as a precedent. The new name obscures the university's ethnic character, although student opinion has focused more on the fact that it makes obsolete the university's nickname, "the village". The Chinese word for village (Chinese: 村; pinyin: cūn) has a Hanyu pinyin spelling similar to the English abbreviation "CUN". In mainland Chinese culture, villages have homely connotations.[citation needed]
Academic programmes
[edit] | This section needs additional citations for verification. (June 2021) |
The university awards undergraduate-level degrees in 55 academic subjects, usually after four years of study. There are 64 master's and 25 doctoral programmes. While young people from the majority Han group are the largest single ethnicity among the 15,000 students, 60% of the students and more than one third of the academic staff are from other nationalities.[citation needed] In addition to traditional course offerings the school offers special majors and courses such as ethnology, ethnic languages, and minority literature.
By far the strongest research areas are anthropology and ethnology, which are the mainstays of its small publishing house and journal. In 2001, the People's Daily described CUN as "China's top academy for ethnic studies."[8] Other respected departments are the dance school and the minority language and literature departments. Other subjects are often studied from the ethnic minorities' perspective, e.g., biology courses may focus on the flora and fauna in ethnic minority areas of China.[citation needed]
Minzu University participates actively in social sciences research. Its social science departments predominantly do their research with an ethnic perspective and has achieved leading research results in China in ethnic economies, regional economics, legal studies in ethnic minorities regions, ethnic administration. In particular, its economics, management, law and history departments are growing into be dynamic research institutions with the help of Project 985.
The university is the pinnacle of a national network of institutions maintained by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, although academic standards are also monitored by the State Education Commission, which means some students end up sitting for two sets of exams.[citation needed]
Students are required to take courses on Chinese minority theories and Marxism.
In English-speaking countries, Minzu University's main partner is the University of East London, United Kingdom.[citation needed]
Rankings and reputation
[edit]| University rankings | |
|---|---|
| Global – Overall | |
| CWUR World[9] | 1988 |
| RUR World[10] | 938 |
| USNWR Global[11] | 1856 |
| Regional – Overall | |
| QS Asia[12] | 301-350 |
| QS BRICS[13] | 271-280 |
| National – Overall | |
| BCUR National[14] | 91 |
| QS National[15] | 90 |
Minzu University is ranked first in China among universities that originated as "ethnic minorities".[16]
The university's emphasis on arts and humanities programs, particularly those majors related to ethnic minorities, has resulted in a relatively lower standing in global university rankings.[17] Nevertheless, it is continues to play a significant role within China's higher education system and has made noteworthy contributions to the economic, social, and cultural development of ethnic regions.
It also ranked 301-350th in Asia by the QS Asia University Rankings[18] and 271-280th among BRICS countries by the QS BRICS University Rankings.[19]
Internationally, Minzu University of China was ranked amongst top 2000 in the world by U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking, the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR), the RUR World University Rankings, Scimago Institutions Rankings and University Ranking by Academic Performance.[20][17][21][22][23]
History
[edit]
The Chinese Communist Party first established a Nationalities Institute in its Civil War stronghold of Yan'an, in central China, in October 1941. In 1950-1952, this was merged with other ethnolinguistic and sociological departments, including elements of Peking University and Tsinghua University. The result was the Central Institute for Nationalities,[citation needed] which was established in 1951 and officially opened on 11 June 1952. The institute was assigned a large area of parkland on the outskirts of Beijing as its campus.[citation needed]
Both the Yan'an and Central institutes were intended to train cadres (officials) for ethnic minority areas, as well as providing a liberal arts education for promising students from the minorities.[citation needed] The cadres were to be trained so they could serve as liaisons between their minority communities and the Chinese government. Their research was and is intended to support the policies of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission. In its early years, the institute was caught up in the sensitive issue of classifying China's vast population into official ethnic groups, until the Cultural Revolution made conventional education almost impossible.[citation needed]
In 1999, it was granted "key university" status,[citation needed] as part of Project 211, which was supposed to identify 100 Chinese universities that would play leading roles in the 21st century. Since 2004, the university has been a participant in Project 985, a major national programme to raise 39 universities to world-class status. The campus has been almost completely reconstructed as part of this programme.[citation needed]
Meanwhile, Haidian has continued to develop as Beijing's main university district. CUN is now adjacent to the National Library of China and Zhongguancun, which local media refer to as "China's silicon valley."[24] In 2006 a large site was acquired in Beijing's Fengtai district, and it is likely that a second campus will be constructed there.[25]
Admissions
[edit] |
To ensure that members of the 56 recognized minority groups are admitted the school has fixed quotas for each group. As of 2011, Minzu University accepts National Higher Education Entrance Examination (Gaokao) scores with a minimum in the mid-400s, or below the 50th percentile. Out of the Beijing universities, this has one of the lowest acceptance requirements.
In China a university may admit a student whose score is barely below the cutoff score at its discretion. Sometimes minimum score levels were lowered to ensure that students from among the least-accepted minority groups would be permitted entry. The school offers remedial courses, including a one-year tutorial course that reviews the final year of senior secondary school and remedial Chinese courses to assist minority students to enroll.
The university has bridging programs to select minority students at Chinese secondary schools who are high achieving so they can attend Minzu University to prepare them for entering the highest ranked universities in Beijing. The government pays tuition for these programs.
Notable students and faculty
[edit]- Arken Abdulla, Uyghur and Mandarin Chinese language pop singer-songwriter
- Kahar Barat, Uyghur-American historian[26]
- Fei Xiaotong, sociologist and anthropologist
- D. O. Chaoke, Evenki linguist
- Han Geng, Mandopop singer and actor
- Song Zuying, an ethnic Miao singer of classical Chinese and Western songs, who performed at the 2008 Summer Olympics closing ceremony
- Ilham Tohti, an ethnic Uyghur, who was a professor of economics at Minzu University.[27][28][29][30] He was detained by police in July 2009 following riots in Ürümqi[31] In September 2014 he was sentenced to life in prison by the Urumqi People's Intermediate Court.[32]
- Ulan Tuya (born 1983), Chinese singer/songwriter
- Wu'erkaixi, dissident, student leader of the 1989 Tiananmen protests
- Zhang Chengzhi, writer, once audited a class in Kazakh[33]
- Kao Chin Su-mei, Taiwanese Aborigine actress, singer and member for parliament in the Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China (Taiwan) for Highland Aborigines electoral district
- Mi Na, contemporary artist
See also
[edit]Other universities for ethnic minorities in the People's Republic of China:
- South-Central University for Nationalities
- Southwest Minzu University
- Northwest Minzu University
- North Minzu University
- Dalian Minzu University
- Guangxi University for Nationalities
- Yunnan University for Nationalities
- Qinghai University for Nationalities
- Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities
Notes
[edit]- The Central University for Nationalities (undated, but c.2000). Beijing: CUN International Relations Office. A prospectus for Chinese and foreign students; the source for many of the dates and statistics in the first section.
References
[edit]- ^ "MUC Overview-MUC Office of International Relations". oir.muc.edu.cn. Retrieved 2023-03-12.
- ^ "教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委 关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设 学科名单的通知 (Notice from the Ministry of Education and other national governmental departments announcing the list of double first class universities and disciplines)".
- ^ "2022年中国985、211大学名单（最新完整版）". www.gk100.com. Retrieved 2023-03-12.
- ^ «Шангхайранинг из китайских национальных университетов» . www.shanghairanking.com . Получено 2021-09-30 .
- ^ «Введение в китайское университет Минзу» . www.muc.edu.cn. Получено 2021-09-30 .
- ^ «Лучший предмет 2020 года» . www.shanghairanking.cn . Получено 2021-09-30 .
- ^ Уведомление о Центральном университете для создания новой английской школы название .. [ Постоянная мертвая ссылка ]
- ^ [1] [ Постоянная мертвая ссылка ]
- ^ «Университет Китая Минзу 2019-2020 - Центр мировых университетских рейтингов (CWUR)» . Получено 2 июля 2023 года .
- ^ «Университет Минзу Китая, рейтинг 2023 - раунд университетский рейтинг» . Получено 2 июля 2023 года .
- ^ «US News Best Global Universities Rankings 2024-2025» . Получено 25 июня 2024 года .
- ^ «Рейтинги университета QS: Азия 2021» . Лучшие университеты .
- ^ «Рейтинги университета QS: BRICS 2019» . Лучшие университеты .
- ^ «Общий рейтинг, лучшие рейтинги китайских университетов - 2019» . www.shanghairanking.com . Архивировано из оригинала 2020-03-30 . Получено 2020-12-01 .
- ^ «Рейтинги университета QS - Китайский университет Минзу» . Лучшие университеты .
- ^ «Лучшие китайские университеты Шангхайранкинга» . www.shanghairanking.com . Получено 2023-07-15 .
- ^ Jump up to: а беременный «Урап - рейтинг университета по академической успеваемости» . urapcenter.org . Получено 2022-05-06 .
- ^ «Китайский университет Минзу» . Лучшие университеты . 2015-07-16 . Получено 2020-12-01 .
- ^ «Рейтинги университета QS: BRICS 2019» . Лучшие университеты . 2018-10-02 . Получено 2020-12-01 .
- ^ «Рейтинги Китайского университета Минзу» . US News & World Report . 2024-06-25 . Получено 2024-06-25 .
- ^ «Университет Китая Минзу 2019-2020 - Центр мировых университетских рейтингов (CWUR)» . cwur.org . Получено 2022-05-06 .
- ^ «Университетские рейтинги 2023» . www.scimagoir.com . Получено 2023-10-10 .
- ^ «Мировые университетские рейтинги» . Roundranking.com . Получено 2023-10-10 .
- ^ "Zhongguancun Electronics Avenue" . www.china.org.cn .
- ^ Центральный университет национальностей, возможно, переехал в район Фенгай, школа еще не подтвердила Полем Люди ежедневно онлайн (на китайском языке). 2006. Архивировано из оригинала 2014-01-10 . Получено 2008-04-03 .
{{cite web}}: CS1 Maint: Bot: исходный статус URL неизвестен ( ссылка ) () - ^ обсуждает историю Синьцзяна, часть 1 , английский перевод интервью Кахара Барата от Ван Ликсионга . Уйгурский историк Кахар Барат
- ^ «Ученый Уйгур приговорен к пожизненному заключению за отделение» . Китай ежедневно . 23 сентября 2014 года . Получено 1 января 2017 года .
Ильхам Тохти, бывший профессор экономики в Уйгуре в Университете Минзу в Пекине, был приговорен к пожизненному заключению за отделение судом в Урумки, столице Синьцзяна Уйгурского автономного региона во вторник.
- ^ «Китайский процесс для Уйгурского академического Ильхама Тохти» . BBC News . 17 сентября 2014 года . Получено 13 декабря 2016 года .
- ^ Филлипс, Том (11 октября 2016 г.). «Илхам Тохти, Угур, заключенный в тюрьму Китаем, выигрывает крупную премию по правам человека» . Хранитель . Получено 13 декабря 2016 года .
- ^ 7 ( ) 2009 . г. марта Андре
- ^ «Откровенный экономист предполагал, что задержан» . Радио Свободная Азия . Архивировано с оригинала 10 января 2014 года . Получено 12 июля 2009 г.
{{cite web}}: CS1 Maint: Bot: оригинальный статус URL неизвестен ( Link ) () «Согласно его официальной биографии, Тохти родился в Атуш, Синьцзян, 25 октября 1969 года. Он окончил Северо -восточный нормальный университет и школу экономики в Центральный национальный университет в Пекине ». - ^ Грейси, Кэрри (23 сентября 2014 г.). «Китайские тюрьмы видны академики Уйгура Илхам Тохти на всю жизнь» . BBC News . Получено 13 декабря 2016 года .
- ^ «Книги, которые повлияли на профессоров в китайской академии социальных наук) INL на 2014-01-10 . Получено 2007-17-17 .
{{cite news}}: CS1 Maint: Bot: исходный статус URL неизвестен ( ссылка ) ()
