✖


Jump to content

Глен Коу

Координаты : 56 ° 404′N 04 ° 5 ° 5 ° 59′12 ′ ′ ′ 04 ° 59 ′ ′ ′ 04 ° 5 ′ 04 ° 5 ′ 04 ° 5 ′ 04 ° 5′ -12 ′ north5.6678 ° № 4,9678 ° N 4,96678 ° W 4,966778 ; -4,98667
(Перенаправлен из Гленко, Лочабера )
Для других видов использования см. Glencoe (устранение неоднозначности) .

Глен Коу Национальный природный заповедник
IUCN Категория IV (область управления средой обитания/видами) [ 1 ]
Панорамный вид на запад вдоль Глена в сторону трех сестер Бидон Нам Биан , с Аонахом Игахом справа
Карта, показывающая местоположение Национального заповедника Глена Коу
Карта, показывающая местоположение Национального заповедника Глена Коу
Расположение Глена Коу в высокогорье
Расположение Хайленд , Шотландия
Координаты 56 ° 404′N 04 ° 5 ° 5 ° 59′12 ′ ′ ′ 04 ° 59 ′ ′ ′ 04 ° 5 ′ 04 ° 5 ′ 04 ° 5 ′ 04 ° 5′ -12 ′ north5.6678 ° № 4,9678 ° N 4,96678 ° W 4,966778 ; -4,98667
Область 56,3 км 2 (21,7 кв. МИ) [ 2 ]
Обозначение Naturescot
Учредил 2017
Владелец Национальный фонд Шотландии

Глен Коу ( шотландский гэльский : glencoe [ 3 ] произносится [klan̪ˠˈkʰo.ən̪ˠ] ) - вулканического происхождения глена , [ 4 ] в высокогорье Шотландии ​ . севере графства Аргайл , районе современного недалеко от границы с исторической провинцией Лочабера на , в совета Хайленда Он находится . Глен Коу считается домом шотландского альпинизма [ 5 ] и популярен среди Hillwalkers и альпинистов.

В обзоре шотландского природного наследия Шотландии 2010 года в особых качествах национальных живописных районов перечислены «парящее, драматическое великолепие Глена Коу» и «внезапность перехода между Высоким горным перевалом и слегка лесистым стритом». Обзор также описал путешествие по Глену на главной дороге A82 как «одно из классических поездок на высоком уровне». [ 4 ] Основным поселением является деревня Гленко, расположенная у подножия Глена. [ 6 ]

13 февраля 1692 года, после якобитского инцидент, известный как резня Гленко восстания в 1689 году, в Глена произошел . Тридцать восемь мужчин из клана Макдональда из Гленко были убиты правительственными силами, которые были заявлены с ними на том основании, что они не были быстрыми в том, что они пообещали верность новым монархам, Уильяму и Марии . [ 7 ]

Глен назван в честь реки Коу, которая проходит через него. Название реки может предшествовать гэльскому языку, поскольку ее значение неизвестно. Вполне возможно, что имя проистекает из индивидуального личного имени, Comhan ( родительный пакет Comhain). [ 8 ]

География

[ редактировать ]
Coire Nan Lochan, который стороне был на южной
Гленко Хью Уильям Уильямс , ок. 1825–1829

Глен- U-образный , образованный ледником периода ледникового , [ 9 ] о 12.5 kilometres (7+3⁄4 mi) long with the floor of the glen being less than 700 метров ( 3 ~ 8 миль) шириной, резко сужаясь на «Переходе Глен Коу». [ 6 ]

Вход в Глен с востока находится ниже подножия Buachaille Etive Beag, к западу от Лохан -на, откуда воды бегут на запад до Лох Левен через реку Коу. [ 6 ] Река - Оссиан "Темная кона" [ 10 ] - проходит через водопады при перевале Глен Коу, прежде чем течь к маленькому лох -ахтриохтану. Лох Ахтриохтан - это Лох Тричард ( Лох трех друзей или родственников) на Тимоти Пон . карте области [ 11 ] После озера река поворачивается к северо-западу, проходя через деревню Гленко , прежде чем течь в морское озеро Лох-Левен (соленая рука Лох-Линне ) в Инверко. Площадь к востоку от Лохана На фола часто классифицируется как часть Глена Коу (см., Например, расположение горнолыжного центра Гленко ), но на самом деле является частью верхних границ Глена . [ 6 ]

Южная сторона Глена отмечена последовательности различных пиков: Buachaille Etive Beag в восточной части, за которыми следуют три сестры , плечи массива Биана Биана , которые подразделяются Coire Gabhail и Coire Nan Lochan. Название Coire Gabhail ( Corrie of the Bounty , или Hollow of Capture ) относится к прежним временам, когда члены Corrie использовали членами клана Макдональда, чтобы скрыть крупный рогатый скот и другой скот, будь то их собственный или украденный у других. Широкий плоский Глен хорошо подходит для этой цели, так как из Глена Коу, кажется, это нормальный V-образный Глен, приближающийся только к крутому узкому ущелью. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] Саммиты в заявках Namssif включают в себя Stob Brae Coire , Stob Coire Dubh (The Trace «Sister»). [6] By contrast the north side of the glen is a stark wall of mountain, the Aonach Eagach ridge. The ridge is crossed at the eastern end by the Devil's Staircase, an old military road opposite Buachaille Etive Mòr. The western end terminates with the conical Pap of Glencoe (Sgùrr na Cìche), above Glencoe village, at the point where the glen opens out to Loch Leven.[6]

Other than a few scattered farms, the only settlement in Glen Coe is the village of Glencoe, which lies at the western end of the glen close to Invercoe where the river joins Loch Leven. About 2 km (1.2 mi) to the west, on the southern shore of the loch, is the village of Ballachulish,[6] known in the past for its slate quarries, which have been worked since 1693.[14]

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Glencoe
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 5.4
(41.7) 		5.8
(42.4) 		8.4
(47.1) 		11.1
(52.0) 		14.9
(58.8) 		17.9
(64.2) 		18.5
(65.3) 		18.1
(64.6) 		15.2
(59.4) 		12
(54) 		8.4
(47.1) 		6.6
(43.9) 		11.9
(53.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.7
(36.9) 		2.9
(37.2) 		5.2
(41.4) 		7.5
(45.5) 		11.1
(52.0) 		14.2
(57.6) 		15
(59) 		14.6
(58.3) 		12
(54) 		8.9
(48.0) 		5.5
(41.9) 		3.9
(39.0) 		8.6
(47.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 0.1
(32.2) 		0
(32) 		2.1
(35.8) 		3.9
(39.0) 		7.3
(45.1) 		10.5
(50.9) 		11.5
(52.7) 		11.1
(52.0) 		8.8
(47.8) 		5.9
(42.6) 		2.7
(36.9) 		1.2
(34.2) 		5.4
(41.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 208
(8.2) 		139
(5.5) 		164
(6.5) 		97
(3.8) 		86
(3.4) 		97
(3.8) 		109
(4.3) 		127
(5.0) 		170
(6.7) 		195
(7.7) 		191
(7.5) 		226
(8.9) 		1,809
(71.3)
Source: Climate-Data.org[15]

Geology

[edit]
The steep face of Stob Coire nan Lochan

Geologically speaking, Glen Coe is the remains of an ancient supervolcano. The caldera forming eruptions took place about 420 million years ago during the Silurian period, and the volcano has long since become extinct. The glen is considered to be one of the best examples of a subsidence caldera, being the place where this phenomenon was first described. A caldera is a volcanic process in which a circular fault allows a section of crust to sink, leading to magma being forced to the surface at the periphery. This sinking allows layers of rock which would otherwise have been eroded to remain visible, can be seen in Glen Coe most strikingly in Devonian volcanic lavas on Bidean nam Bian, as well as at Sgorr nam Fiannaidh, An t-Sron, and in the bed of the River Coe below Loch Achtriochtan. Surrounding the caldera the rocks consists of schist and quartzite with a ring of granite marking the main ring fault.[16][17][18]

The landscape was further shaped by the processes of glaciation during the last ice ages, ending 10,000 years ago.[19]

Flora and fauna

[edit]

Habitats within Glen Coe include birch woodland, moorland and peatbogs. The upland parts of the glen are one of the best habitats for alpine and sub-alpine plants in Lochaber, due to the underlying geology and range of altitude. Typical plants found on the highest slopes of the glen include lady's mantle, Sibbaldia procumbens and areas of willow scrub and Racomitrium lanuginosum moss-heath. In the lower areas of the glen bog myrtle, cotton grass, butterwort, sundew and bladderwort are to be found. There are areas of wet woodland on the floor of the glen: the woodlands are composed of alder and ash, and also provide a habitat for ground plants such as tufted hair-grass and marsh hawk's-beard. Glen Coe hosts several nationally scarce species of liverworts and mosses.[16][20]

The peaks of the glen are home to snow bunting and ptarmigan, and the area also supports buzzards and golden eagles.[20]

The region also has an abundance of Highland midges, Culicoides impunctatus.

History

[edit]
View from the summit of the Devil's Staircase looking south over the east end of Glen Coe, towards Buachaille Etive Mòr with Creise and Meall a' Bhuiridh beyond

The Massacre of Glencoe (Scottish Gaelic: Mort Ghlinne Comhann) took place on 13 February 1692, following the Jacobite uprising of 1689–92. An estimated thirty-eight[21] members and associates of Clan MacDonald of Glencoe were killed by government forces billeted with them, with others later alleged to have died of exposure, on the grounds they had not been prompt in pledging allegiance to the new monarchs, William III of England and II of Scotland and Mary II. The Iona cross was erected in 1883 by a Macdonald in memory of clansmen who perished in the massacre.

Glen Coe was once part of the lands of Clan Donald, though since the ending of the clan structure they progressively sold off their estates. Most of the Glen is now owned by the National Trust for Scotland (NTS), whose visitor centre has displays about both the natural and historical significance of the glen.[22] The land was purchased by the National Trust for Scotland in 1935[22] using money donated by the Scottish Mountaineering Club. It was later found out that most of the money came from the SMC's then chair, Percy Unna. He laid out a number of conditions, known as the "Unna Principles" regarding how the NTS should manage the estate with regard to access and maintaining the wild nature of the land.[23] The building of a visitor centre caused some controversy, as some felt this to be a contravention of Unna's "Principles". The original centre was later closed, and a new one built further west, down the glen on land not part of the original purchase.[24]

The last area of Glen Coe to be owned by the MacDonalds was the area around Invercoe. In 1894, Sir Donald A. Smith (who was later, in August 1897, elevated to the peerage as The 1st Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal) purchased this area and built a country house, Mount Royal. In 2002, Alistair MacDonald of Glencoe made a successful eleventh-hour bid, and purchased the remaining lands of Lord Strathcona from his descendants. Alistair received unsecured loans from just six donors, and immediately set up the Glencoe Heritage Trust,[25] a non-profit-making charitable trust, to secure the heritage of this part of Glen Coe.

In 2017, NTS took out a trademark on the "Glencoe" name following an attempt to trademark the name of another NTS property (St Kilda) by a third party without their knowledge or consent. The Trust stated that it would not prevent local businesses from continuing to use the name; however, they were accused of heavy-handedness when an attempt was made to stop Hilltrek, a company based in Aberdeenshire, from selling a "Glencoe" waterproof jacket.[26] The dispute ended amicably with NTS agreeing to allow Hilltrek to continue to sell the jacket with the Glencoe name.[27]

Hamish MacInnes, veteran of Mount Everest expeditions, climbing consultant for such films as The Eiger Sanction and a mountain rescue pioneer, was a well-known resident of Glencoe.[28] MacInnes developed a new design of mountain rescue stretcher whilst living at Allt-na-reigh cottage near the head of the glen; the cottage later belonged to DJ Jimmy Savile. Following the posthumous revelation that Savile was a child abuser there were calls for the cottage to be demolished,[29] although it remains standing but unoccupied as of February 2018.

During the 2020s, several companies started offering the title of "Lord" or "Lady" of Glen Coe to anyone interested online.[30] One such company used the Oscars to advertise themselves by giving away titles of land ownership to such celebrities as Billie Eilish, Benedict Cumberbatch and Jessica Chastain.[31] Such titles, however, do not bestow official nobility or land to buyers. One company, which started operating in 2007, has been accused by several Scotland residents of making a mockery of Scotland's heritage.[32]

Conservation designations

[edit]

Since 2017 Glen Coe has been designated as a national nature reserve (NNR),[20] and is classified as a Category IV protected area by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.[1] Glen Coe is also designated as a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), and the south side of the glen falls within the Glen Etive and Glen Fyne Special Protection Area (SPA).[33] The scenic beauty of the glen has led to its inclusion in the Ben Nevis and Glen Coe National Scenic Area,[4][34] being one of 40 such areas in Scotland, which are defined so as to identify areas of exceptional scenery and to ensure its protection from inappropriate development.[35]

There have been several proposals for Glen Coe to be included within a national park, mostly recently in 2013.[36] In September 2016 Roseanna Cunningham, the Cabinet Secretary for Environment, Climate Change and Land Reform told the Scottish Parliament that the Government had no plans to designate new national parks in Scotland and instead planned to focus on the two existing national parks.[37]

Tourism, walkers and climbers

[edit]
The old road heading west into Glen Coe, now part of the West Highland Way. On the left, Buachaille Etive Mòr and Buachaille Etive Beag, with Aonach Eagach to the right.
Camping on the old Glencoe road in 1931

Glen Coe is a very popular tourist destination, partly because of its scenic qualities and historical associations, partly because it is on the main road north (the A82), and also because of its attraction for walkers and climbers. It is famous for the quality, and variety of its winter climbing, most of its routes being comparatively easy to access from the main road. Noted climbing venues include Buachaille Etive Mòr (1,018 m), often called simply "The Beuchle", and various routes on the Three Sisters (shoulders of Bidean nam Bian). Other points of interest include the waterfalls at The Study in the Pass of Glen Coe.

For adventurous experienced hillwalkers the Aonach Eagach offers one of the finest mainland scrambles in Scotland.[38] This extended scramble boasts two of Scotland's trickiest Munro hills, Sgorr nam Fiannaidh (996 m [3,268 ft]) and Meall Dearg (951 m [3,120 ft]). The Aonach Eagach ridge terminates at the Pap of Glencoe (741 m [2,431 ft]).[6] There are also routes on the Bidean nam Bian (1,150 m) massif which forms a complex Y-shaped hill with several lesser tops, including Stob Coire Sgreamhach (1,072 m) which also has Munro status. One way in to these tops ascends from the Pass of Glen Coe up Coire Gabhail (the "hidden valley") to the ridge. Both Buachaille Etive Beag (958 m) and Buachaille Etive Mòr (1,022 m) also offer opportunities to hillwalkers.[38]

A view of Glencoe from the Glencoe National Nature Reserve in September 2016

Many walkers come to Glen Coe on the West Highland Way following the old military road over Rannoch Moor which crosses the River Etive at the Kings House Hotel. From there it is about 2 km (1.2 mi) to the head of the glen, then about 2 km into the glen the Way ascends the Devil's Staircase, a steep, boulder-strewn "cut" (352 m high) which is part of the old military road and drove road north across the hills to Kinlochleven.[6]

The Glencoe ski centre, also known as the "White Corries", is on the hill of Meall a' Bhuiridh (1,108 m [3,635 ft]) which is on the east side of Glen Etive, outside Glen Coe proper.[6] This centre is popular with locals and is used by many skiers from the Glasgow area as the nearest ski resort at under 80 mi (130 km) from the city centre. It forms part of the "Black Mount" estate, which is based on Loch Tulla which is to the south-east.[39]

The famous Clachaig Inn, a pub much favoured by climbers and hillwalkers, is sited at the bend in the glen about 3 km (1.9 mi) from Glencoe village.[40] A Scottish Youth Hostels Association hostel is sited about 2 km (1.2 mi) from the village, on the way to the inn, close to an independent hostel (Glencoe Independent Hostel) and the Red Squirrel campsite.[6] The Kings House Hotel, lying about 2 km to the east of the head of the glen towards Rannoch Moor, is former a coaching inn, standing on the main route between Ballachulish and Tyndrum (the route of one of William Caulfeild's military roads).[41] One can also stay in The Glencoe Inn, located in the heart of Glencoe village.

For campers, there are three official campsites in and around the glen.[6] Wild camping is permitted in certain areas of the Glen, in accordance with the Scottish outdoor access code and the principles specified by Percy Unna. However, environmental concerns and increasing pollution of the River Coe in the mid-1990s led to a decision to exclude a specific area and prohibit wild camping within that area. The area is to the east of the Clachaig Hotel, from the River Coe to the Aonach Eagach, and east as far as the junction of the Old Military Road and the modern A82. The exclusion has led to improvements being observed in the river and the Clachaig area.[42]

Cultural references

[edit]
Ossian's Cave (upper right)

Glencoe is supposed to have been the birthplace of Ossian according to John Cameron (1822–1898), a local bard who was also Bard to the Ossianic Society. "In the middle of the vale runs 'the roaring stream of Cona', the mountain of Malmor rises on the south side, and the celebrated Dun-Fionn'—'the hill of Fingal' on the north. Several of the names referring either to the heroes of the Fingalian race, or to their general occupation, hunting, are numerous in the district. Sgur-mam-Fiann, 'the mountain of the Fingalians'; Coe, the name of the river is supposed to be the Cona of Ossian; Grianan Dearduil, 'the sunny place of Darthula'; Acha-nan-con, 'the field of the dogs'; Caolas-nan-con, 'the ferry of the dogs', and the neighbouring country bear similar traces. Morven is the peculiar name of Fingal's domain; an island in Loch Etive is supposed to be named from Usnoth, the father of Nathos; and Etive itself is named from the deer of its mountains."[43] Ossian's Cave on Bidean nam Bian is traditionally the location of his birth.

Sir Donald Smith, high financier and businessman of the Hudson's Bay Company and the Canadian Pacific Railway, owned land near Glencoe and when made a lord, invented the name Strathcona to represent Glencoe. Many places in Canada now bear the name Strathcona after Lord Strathcona.[44]

The Pass of Glen Coe was used as the location for "The Bridge of Death" and "The Gorge of Eternal Peril" in filming Monty Python and the Holy Grail, attracting Monty Python pilgrims.[45] Sets for the third Harry Potter film, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, were built near to the bottom of Clachaig Gully, north of the Clachaig Inn;[45] aerial shots of the glen also appeared in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix and Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.[citation needed] There are some shots of the eastern glen, including Buachaille Etive Mòr in the Bollywood film Kuch Kuch Hota Hai,[46][47] and in the James Bond film Skyfall (which was mainly set in Glen Etive), although the majority of the filming for Bond's Scottish home was in Southern England.[48]

There is a folk museum in Glencoe village.[49]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "Glen Coe". Protected Planet. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  2. ^ "Site Details for Glencoe NNR". NatureScot. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
  3. ^ "Glencoe". Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c "The special qualities of the National Scenic Areas. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No.374'" (PDF). Scottish Natural Heritage. 2010. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  5. ^ "Glencoe National Nature Reserve". Scottish Natural Heritage. 21 August 2017. Archived from the original on 31 January 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Ordnance Survey Landranger 1:50000, Sheet 41
  7. ^ "The Massacre of Glen Coe". BBC. 14 September 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  8. ^ Sabhal Mòr Ostaig, An t-Eilean Sgitheanach, 11 Sep 2007
  9. ^ "Glaciation in Britain". The Geological Society of London. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  10. ^ "Glencoe" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911.
  11. ^ Pont 13:National Library of Scotland
  12. ^ Storer 2008, p. 147.
  13. ^ Prebble 1968, pp. 30–31.
  14. ^ "The Quarry". Ballachulish Community Council. 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  15. ^ "Climate: Glencoe". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 23 September 2019.
  16. ^ Jump up to: a b "Glen Coe SSSI Citation". NatureScot. 27 September 2010. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
  17. ^ Clough, C. T; Maufe, H. B. & Bailey, E. B; 1909. The cauldron subsidence of Glen Coe, and the Associated Igneous Phenomena. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 65, 611–678.; Glen Coe, scottishgeology.com, Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow.
  18. ^ "Glencoe – Geology". Archived from the original on 11 May 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
  19. ^ Anon. "Great Moor of Rannoch". Highlands and moray. Visit Scotland. Archived from the original on 4 June 2009. Retrieved 14 September 2009.
  20. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Scotland's Newest National Nature Reserves". National Trust for Scotland. 24 April 2017. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  21. ^ Campsie, Alison (12 February 2018). "The Scotsman". Archaeologists trace lost settlements of Glencoe destroyed after 1692 massacre. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  22. ^ Jump up to: a b "Places to visit: Glencoe & Dalness". National Trust for Scotland. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  23. ^ "Wild Land". National Trust for Scotland. Archived from the original on 15 February 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  24. ^ "Glencoe Visitor Centre". Undiscovered Scotland. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  25. ^ Glencoe Heritage Trust Archived 22 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ "NTS accused of heavy-handed response in Glencoe trademark row". The Great Outdoors magazine. 7 August 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  27. ^ "NTS reaches agreement with Hilltrek over Glencoe trademark". The Great Outdoors magazine. 28 August 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
  28. ^ "'Fox of Glencoe' awarded honour". BBC News. 22 February 2008. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  29. ^ "Climbing legend who sold Scottish cottage to Jimmy Savile admits being 'hoodwinked' by the child sex abuser". Daily Record. 22 January 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  30. ^ "How I Became a Lady of the Scottish Highlands—and You Can, Too". 5 August 2016.
  31. ^ "Can becoming a 'Lord of Glencoe' really help conserve Scotland?". 21 April 2022.
  32. ^ "£30 title to lord it over Glencoe".
  33. ^ "Глен Коу Сак" . Naturescot . Получено 8 сентября 2020 года .
  34. ^ «Карта: Бен Невис и Глен Коу Национальная живописная зона» . Nature.scot . Шотландское природное наследие. 2011 год Получено 16 сентября 2020 года .
  35. ^ «Национальные живописные районы» . Naturescot . Получено 16 сентября 2020 года .
  36. ^ «Незаконченный бизнес стратегия национальных парков для Шотландии» (PDF) . Шотландская кампания по национальным паркам. Март 2013 года. Архивировано из оригинала (PDF) 9 сентября 2016 года . Получено 13 января 2018 года .
  37. ^ «Шотландское правительство» коротко, «по сравнению с национальным парком для Галлоуэя» . Дамфрис и Галлоуэй - что происходит. 16 сентября 2016 года. Архивировано с оригинала 14 января 2018 года . Получено 13 января 2018 года .
  38. ^ Jump up to: а беременный Д. Беннет и Р. Андерсон. Munros: Шотландский альпинистический клуб Hillwalkers Guide , с. 60–71. Опубликовано 2016.
  39. ^ «Страница свойства: Blackmound, Dalness & Etive» . Кто владеет Шотландией. 29 апреля 2009 года. Архивировано с оригинала 15 февраля 2018 года . Получено 14 февраля 2018 года .
  40. ^ «Немного о нашем доме» . Clachaig Inn . Получено 15 февраля 2018 года .
  41. ^ «Военные дороги Wades» . Сабля Вики . Общество всех британских и ирландских энтузиастов дороги.
  42. ^ Национальный фонд Службы Шотландии Рейнджер, 8 сентября 2007 г.
  43. ^ Джон Кэмерон (1862) История на высоком уровне, включающая инциденты, связанные с резней Гленко и чумой в доме Калларта Уильям Гилкрист, Глазго. (Справочная библиотека Inverness, 891.633).
  44. ^ Рэнди, «Лоуренс Страткона» в Монто, Олд Страткона, Эдмонтонская южная корни (2012), с. 93
  45. ^ Jump up to: а беременный «Highlands on Film» (PDF) . Visitscotland . Получено 14 февраля 2018 года .
  46. ^ «Богатство поклонников, чтобы найти» . Шотландский . 28 сентября 2002 года. Архивировано с оригинала 2 января 2016 года . Получено 27 декабря 2015 года .
  47. ^ «Билет на бои о боящихся болливудских звездах» . Шотландский . 8 августа 2002 года. Архивировано с оригинала 2 января 2016 года . Получено 27 декабря 2015 года .
  48. ^ "Skyfall и James Bond" . Visitscotland . Получено 14 февраля 2018 года .
  49. ^ «Народный музей Гленко, Гленко» . Visitscotland . Получено 14 февраля 2018 года .

Работы цитируются

[ редактировать ]
[ редактировать ]
Wikimedia Commons имеет средства массовой информации, связанные с Гленом Коу .
У Wikivoyage есть путеводитель для Glencoe .
Glencoe 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Glencoe"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glen_Coe&oldid=1244722436"
Arc.Ask3.Ru: конец переведенного документа.
Arc.Ask3.Ru
Номер скриншота №: 739a276f7165cc9df53195154620fb45__1725814260
URL1:https://arc.ask3.ru/arc/aa/73/45/739a276f7165cc9df53195154620fb45.html
Заголовок, (Title) документа по адресу, URL1:
Glen Coe - Wikipedia
Данный printscreen веб страницы (снимок веб страницы, скриншот веб страницы), визуально-программная копия документа расположенного по адресу URL1 и сохраненная в файл, имеет: квалифицированную, усовершенствованную (подтверждены: метки времени, валидность сертификата), открепленную ЭЦП (приложена к данному файлу), что может быть использовано для подтверждения содержания и факта существования документа в этот момент времени. Права на данный скриншот принадлежат администрации Ask3.ru, использование в качестве доказательства только с письменного разрешения правообладателя скриншота. Администрация Ask3.ru не несет ответственности за информацию размещенную на данном скриншоте. Права на прочие зарегистрированные элементы любого права, изображенные на снимках принадлежат их владельцам. Качество перевода предоставляется как есть. Любые претензии, иски не могут быть предъявлены. Если вы не согласны с любым пунктом перечисленным выше, вы не можете использовать данный сайт и информация размещенную на нем (сайте/странице), немедленно покиньте данный сайт. В случае нарушения любого пункта перечисленного выше, штраф 55! (Пятьдесят пять факториал, Денежную единицу (имеющую самостоятельную стоимость) можете выбрать самостоятельно, выплаичвается товарами в течение 7 дней с момента нарушения.)