Гипогидроз
| Гипогидроз | |
|---|---|
| Другие имена | Ангидроз [ 1 ] |
| Специальность | Дерматология, неврология |
| Прогноз | гипертермия , тепловой удар и смерть |
Гипогидроз - это заболевание , при котором человек проявляет уменьшенное потоотделение в ответ на соответствующие стимулы. В отличие от гипергидроза , который является социально тревожным, но часто доброкачественным состоянием, последствия необработанного гипогидроза включают гипертермию , тепловой удар и смерть. [ 2 ] Чрезвычайный случай гипогидроза, при котором существует полное отсутствие потоотделения, а кожа сухой называется ангидрозом . [ 3 ] Состояние также известно как адиафорез , [ 4 ] ишидроз , [ 5 ] Олигидрия , [ 6 ] олигогидроз [ 7 ] и дефицит потоотделения .
Причины
[ редактировать ]Причины следующие: [ Цитация необходима ]
- Антихолинергические агенты
- Опиоиды
- Ботулинический токсин
- Антагонисты рецепторов альфа-2
- Clonidine
- Barbiturates
- Zonisamide
- Topiramate
Physical agents
Dermatological
- X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
- Incontinentia pigmenti
- Bazex disease
- Ectodermal dysplasia
- Fabry disease
- Miliaria
- Sjögren syndrome
- Systemic sclerosis
- Graft-versus-host disease
Neuropathic
- Ectodermal dysplasia
- Multiple system atrophy
- Dementia with Lewy bodies
- Multiple sclerosis
- Cerebrovascular accident
- Tumour
- Encephalitis
- Cervical myelopathy
- Diabetes mellitus
- Guillain–Barré syndrome
- Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
- Alcoholism
- Amyloidosis
- Ross syndrome
- Pure autonomic failure
- Horner's syndrome
- ROSAH syndrome
Diagnosis
[edit]Sweat is readily visualized by a topical indicator such as iodinated starch (Minor test) or sodium alizarin sulphonate, both of which undergo a dramatic colour change when moistened by sweat. A thermoregulatory sweat test can evaluate the body’s response to a thermal stimulus by inducing sweating through a hot box (also called a hot room), a thermal blanket, or physical exercise. Failure of the topical indicator to undergo a colour change during thermoregulatory sweat testing indicates hypohidrosis, and further tests may be required to localize the lesion.[citation needed]
Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and ⁄ or spinal cord is the best modality for evaluation when the lesion is suspected to be localized to the central nervous system.[citation needed]
Skin biopsies are useful when anhidrosis occurs as part of a dermatological disorder. Biopsy results may reveal the sweat gland destruction, necrosis or fibrosis, in addition to the findings of the primary dermatological disorder.[citation needed]
Treatment
[edit]The treatment options for hypohidrosis and anhidrosis are largely limited to preventing overheating, and attempting to resolve or prevent further deterioration of any known underlying causes.
Those with hypohidrosis should avoid drugs that can aggravate the condition (see "Medications", under § Causes). They should limit activities that raise the core body temperature and if exercises are to be performed, they should be supervised and be performed in a cool, sheltered, and well-ventilated environment.
In instances where the cause is known, treatment should be directed at the primary pathology. In autoimmune diseases, such as Sjögren syndrome and systemic sclerosis, treatment of the underlying disease using immunosuppressive drugs may lead to improvement in hypohidrosis. In neurological diseases, the primary pathology is often irreversible. In these instances, prevention of further neurological damage, such as good glycaemic control in diabetes, is the cornerstone of management. In acquired generalized anhidrosis, spontaneous remission may be observed in some cases. Corticosteroid pulse therapy has increased sweating in some people.[8]
In other animals
[edit]Horses can also have hypohidrosis.[9] Management includes avoiding exercise in warm weather and using water or other cooling devices.[9] Horses may have inflammation of the airway, which may reduce the horse's ability to use panting as a form of thermoregulation.[9]
Citations
[edit]- ^ Demis 1994, p. 9.
- ^ Chia, K. Y.; Tey, H. L. (2012). "Approach to hypohidrosis". Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 27 (7): 799–804. doi:10.1111/jdv.12014. PMID 23094789. S2CID 206038609.
- ^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). "Diseases of the Skin Appendages". Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA, USA: Elsevier. p. 773. ISBN 978-0-323-31967-6.
- ^ "adiaphoresis | English | Dictionary & Translation by Babylon". Archived from the original on 2009-03-06. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
- ^ ischidrosis | English | Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
- ^ oligidria | English | Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
- ^ oligohidrosis | English | Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
- ^ Yokozeki, H.; Murota, H.; Katayama, I. (2016-09-01). Perspiration Research. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. p. 54. ISBN 978-3-318-05905-2.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Smith, Bradford P.; Pusterla, Nicola (2019-05-21). Large Animal Internal Medicine - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 1361–1364. ISBN 978-0-323-55444-2.
Sources
[edit]- Demis, D.J. (1994). Clinical Dermatology. J.B. Lippincott. ISBN 978-0-397-57250-2. Retrieved 2024-06-28.
Общие ссылки
[ редактировать ]- http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/anhidrosis/DS01050
- MedlinePlus Энциклопедия : потоотделение - отсутствует