Лук

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Лук

Обложка номера от 18–24 января 2001 г.
Тип	Сатирическая газета
Format	Website
Owner(s)	Global Tetrahedron
Founder(s)	Tim Keck Christopher Johnson
Editor	Chad Nackers
Founded	August 29, 1988 (1988-08-29) Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.
Ceased publication	2013 (print)
Headquarters	Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Website	www.theonion.com

The Onion — американская цифровая медиа-компания и газетная организация, публикующая сатирические статьи о международных, национальных и местных новостях. Компания базируется в Чикаго, но возникла как еженедельное печатное издание 29 августа 1988 года в Мэдисоне, штат Висконсин . The Onion начал публиковаться в Интернете в начале 1996 года. В 2007 году они начали публиковать в Интернете аудио- и видео сатирические новости под названием Onion News Network . В 2013 году The Onion прекратил выпуск печатного издания и открыл рекламное агентство Onion Labs.

Статьи The Onion освещают текущие события, как реальные, так и вымышленные, пародируя тон и формат традиционных новостных организаций с помощью историй, редакционных статей и интервью с людьми с улицы, используя традиционный макет новостного веб-сайта и редакционный голос, смоделированный по его образцу. агентства Ассошиэйтед Пресс . Юмор публикации часто зависит от представления обыденных, повседневных событий как заслуживающих внимания, сюрреалистических или тревожных, например, «Вращение Земли погружает весь североамериканский континент во тьму». В 1999 году комик Боб Оденкирк назвал это издание «лучшим комедийным сценарием в стране».

The Onion previously ran The A.V. Club, an entertainment and pop culture publication founded in 1993 that contains interviews and reviews of newly released media and other weekly features, and ClickHole, a satirical website founded in 2014 which parodies clickbait websites. ClickHole was acquired by Cards Against Humanity in February 2020 while The A.V. Club was acquired by Paste Magazine in March 2024.

History

Publication's name

"People always ask questions about where the name The Onion came from," said former President Sean Mills in an interview with Wikinews; "and, when I recently asked Tim Keck, who was one of the founders, he told me... Literally that his uncle said he should call it The Onion when he saw him and Chris Johnson eating an onion sandwich. They had literally just cut up the onion and put it on bread." According to former editorial manager, Chet Clem, their food budget was so low when they started the paper that they were down to white bread and onions. This account was disputed by an editor of The Onion, Cole Bolton, during an event at the University of Chicago. Bolton called Mills's account "the dumbest explanation" and asserted that it is likely wrong. According to Bolton, the most plausible explanation is that The Onion was mocking a campus newsletter called The Union.

Madison (1988–2001)

Conceived by University of Wisconsin students Tim Keck and Christopher Johnson, The Onion was founded as a weekly print newspaper for satirical news in 1988 in Madison, Wisconsin, by Keck and Johnson. In 1989, Keck and Johnson sold the paper to Scott Dikkers, who had been contributing cartoons; Peter Haise, a lead advertising rep; and Jonathan Hart Eddy, the IT person, for $16,000 ($19,000 according to some sources). After the sale, Keck and Johnson separately became publishers of similar alternative weeklies: Keck of The Stranger in Seattle, Washington, and Johnson of the Weekly Alibi in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Haise left The Onion after 15 years and eventually opened a custom framing shop in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin. Dikkers, who originally joined the staff as a cartoonist, said he was de facto editor by the third issue and became The Onion's longest-serving editor in chief (1988–1999, 2005–2008).

In its earlier years, The Onion was successful in a number of university locations (e.g., University of Wisconsin–Madison and University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign). The publication primarily consisted of a mix of Dikkers's cartoons, Spy magazine-like satire, and short fiction. The bottom three inches were reserved as ad space for coupons that were typically purchased by local, student-centered or inexpensive establishments, such as eateries and video rental stores.

The June 16, 1993 issue of The Daily Iowan ran a profile of Dikkers, in which it stated that "Dikkers still lives in Madison, spending about five hours a week on Jim's Journal and the rest of the time as co-owner of a satirical newspaper called The Onion".

In a 1994 interview with U. Magazine, Dikkers discussed Onion, Inc.'s plans to create a new sketch comedy show called The Comedy Castaways, which they were in the process of pitching to NBC, Fox, and HBO. With a pilot and the first two episodes in post-production, Dikkers said, "I think what sets us apart is we've intentionally formed a tightly knit group of funny performers. A lot of these other shows are created by 50-year-olds, written by 40-year-olds and performed by 35-year-olds".

In 1995, Dave and Jeff Haupt sold their shares of Cisco Systems and they cut a deal with then-publisher Peter Haise for rights to The Onion name for 10 years in exchange for a one-time $25,000 licensing fee to open a franchise in Denver, Colorado. The publication also licensed The Onion's content for between $200 and $500 a week. According to the Haupts, the staff in the paper's Chicago office were known to smoke marijuana while watching Cubs games on television. But the Haupts and their partner, Dave Rogers, assembled a more business focused staff. While other editions of The Onion ran pages of stories there weren’t enough ads to support, the Haupts cut content to avoid losses. It was a deal many at The Onion, eventually regretted. There were blowups when the Haupts refused to run especially biting headlines or when they made changes to the paper’s layout. "We might have been selling humor, but the business behind it was always very serious to us. The rest of The Onion was a complete disaster."

In the spring of 1996, Ben Karlin and Dikkers collaborated with Robert Smigel and Dana Carvey to create four short Onion news segments for The Dana Carvey Show. Smigel said that after being introduced to The Onion by Bob Odenkirk a year earlier, "it jumped out at me as something completely original and great, and I really wanted to use it on the show". Although four fake news segments anchored by Stephen Colbert were recorded, only one of the segments actually aired.

In 1996, when it was still only a print newspaper, an Onion article titled "Clinton Deploys Vowels to Bosnia" was widely disseminated online without attribution, spurring the creation of The Onion's official website (theonion.com) so they could properly claim credit for content that was being passed around online forums such as Usenet and various mailing lists. The publication received expanded global recognition as a result of the website as well. In a 2002 interview, then-editor in chief Rob Siegel said, "If you look at the breakdown of people who read The Onion online, it's like Microsoft, Dell Computers, the Department of Justice and then, like, University of Wisconsin. So it's a combination of students and pretty impressive people. I get the feeling that the print version is read by people hanging out in bars".

In the fall of 1996, Ben Karlin, who had been a writer/editor for the publication since graduating from the University of Wisconsin in 1993, moved to Los Angeles and joined other former Onion staff members to create a pilot for a news parody titled Deadline: Now for the Fox Network. While the 15-minute pilot, which was completed in 1997, was never picked up as a series for production, its creation led to steady writing work for Karlin and other former Onion staffers, such as writing some episodes of Space Ghost Coast to Coast on the Cartoon Network. In the wake of Karlin's departure, Siegel assumed the publication's duties as editor of the publication.

Sometime after The Onion appeared online in 1996, the publication was threatened with a lawsuit from Janet Jackson because of the article "Dying Boy Gets Wish: To Pork Janet Jackson". "We were very nearly sued out of existence by Janet Jackson", said Siegel, adding that in the past he was forbidden to talk about the legal matter and the celebrity involved.

On January 27, 1998, MTV premiered Virtual Bill, a collaboration between writers of The Onion and 3-D character studio Protozoa. The titular "Virtual Bill" character was a quasi-realistic CGI version of Bill Clinton created by studio Protozoa who introduced music videos and told jokes written by the staff of The Onion. The voice of Virtual Bill was provided by then-editor Dikkers. After the initial premiere, Virtual Bill returned to MTV on December 17, 1998, with another TV special and an interactive web special produced by Pulse that ported the 3D data into a web compatible format using Pulse's proprietary plug-in.

In January 1999, when Jon Stewart became the host of The Daily Show he tapped former Onion writer/editor Karlin to be head writer of the newly restructured show. "He had heard about this group of Onion people in L.A. and, in a weird way, I was the de facto ringleader of our group in L.A. I came to New York. Jon and I connected. It was kind of like a slightly awkward, but successful, first date. When I got back to Los Angeles, they offered me the head writer job".

From March 3–7, 1999, writers and editors of The Onion attended U.S. Comedy Arts Festival in Aspen, Colorado in part to promote the forthcoming Our Dumb Century anthology and were met with effusive praise for their work from notable comedians such as Conan O'Brien, Dave Foley and Dave Thomas as well as cartoonist Peter Bagge and musician Andy Prieboy.

On March 18, 1999, The Onion's website won its first Webby Award in the category of "Humor".

On March 23, 1999, The Onion's first fully original book, Our Dumb Century was released. The book featured mocked-up newspaper front pages from the entire 20th century, presented under the premise that the publication had been continuously in print since before 1900. In the wake of the book's success, networks such as HBO and NBC were in talks to bring The Onion to TV with a special based on Our Dumb Century.

Despite nearly two years of work spent on conceiving and producing Our Dumb Century, the writers received only bonuses of a few thousand dollars, despite the fact that the two-book publishing deal netted The Onion $450,000.

In April 2000, DreamWorks Studios optioned two stories from the satirical newspaper, "Canadian Girlfriend Unsubstantiated"—which was to be written by former Onion editor and writer Rich Dahm—and "Tenth Circle Added to Rapidly Growing Hell" with an eye toward producing the latter as a family comedy. "The story is so dark and hate filled—I was shocked", said head writer Todd Hanson. "It's like an Onion joke. I mean, what are they going to do? Add a sickly-but-adorable moppet?" added editor Robert Siegel. DreamWorks planned for the finished "Tenth Circle Added to Rapidly Growing Hell" to involve animation as well as musical singalongs.

In June 2000, writers and editors of The Onion participated in Comedy Central panel discussion moderated by Jeff Greenfield titled "The State of The Onion" during the "Toyota Comedy Festival 2000".

In July 2000, The Onion's editor Robert Siegel was named one of People magazine's most eligible bachelors. "If a person is beautiful on the inside", Siegel said, "looks don't really matter".

New York City (2001–2012)

Beginning in the fall of 2000 to early 2001, the company relocated its editorial offices from Madison, Wisconsin, to a renovated warehouse in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan (New York City) to raise The Onion's profile, expand the publication from being simply a humor newspaper into a full production company, as well as develop editorial content in other media—including books, television and movies—and engage more directly with Internet companies as far as advertising revenue goes.

In February 2001, Miramax Films head Harvey Weinstein announced they had reached a first-look agreement to develop scripts and features with The Onion. "As lifelong New Yorkers, we're proud to welcome The Onion to our city with this first-look deal", said Harvey Weinstein. "With their witty, sophisticated humor, they will undoubtedly soon be the toast of the town", Weinstein added.

On September 27, 2001, The Onion debuted its New York City print edition with an issue focused on the September 11 attacks. The popularity, and critical praise, of the issue resulted in The Onion's website's online traffic nearly doubling in the weeks following the attacks.

In November 2002, a humorous op-ed piece in The Onion that was satirically bylined by filmmaker Michael Bay titled "Those Chechen Rebels Stole My Idea" was removed from the site without explanation. Entertainment industry trade magazine Variety theorized, "It's not clear if Bay—a frequent object of The Onion's satire—requested the move."

In 2003, The Onion was purchased by David Schafer, who had previously managed the $2.5 billion investment fund, from previous long-time owners Peter Haise and Scott Dikkers. The sale was a process that had been in the works since July 2001 and according to a memo from then-owner Haise, "[Schafer] understands our quirky company and knows that we need some time to get to a higher level of operations and sales." In a 2003 CNN profile of The Onion, Schafer stated with regards to the company and the purchase, "The Onion's strong point was never accounting, financial management, or business. Buying it was a bit of a shot in the dark, but we felt we could get a handle on it." Also in 2003, editor Robert Siegel quit his day-to-day role at The Onion to focus on writing screenplays full-time. "After the 14,000th headline I felt the itch to use a different part of my brain", he said. "You can go mad thinking in headline form." In the wake of his departure, long-time staff writer Carol Kolb assumed the publication's duties as editor of the publication.

In 2005, The Onion moved its New York City offices from its initial Chelsea location to downtown on Broadway in the SoHo neighborhood of Manhattan (New York City).

In 2006, The Onion had reached a print circulation of 549,000; it was distributed for free in several cities. The same year, it launched a YouTube channel, which was structured as a parody of modern American television news programs. In June 2006, it was also announced that Siegel had been tapped by Miramax Films to write the screenplay for a comedy titled "Homeland Insecurity" which was slated to be about a pair of Arab-Americans who are mistaken for terrorists while traveling to Texas. Additionally, rumors of a potential sale of The Onion to media conglomerate Viacom began appearing in various news outlets during July 2006 with The New York Times: DealBook expanding on the discussion by stating, "While a source tells DealBook that such a deal has indeed been discussed, it is in very early stages and may never happen."

In April 2007, The Onion launched the Onion News Network, a parody of "the visual style and breathless reporting of 24-hour cable news networks like CNN."

In 2008 Carol Kolb became the head writer of the Onion News Network with the role of the publication's editor being taken over by writer Joe Randazzo. Randazzo first became a writer for The Onion in 2006 and—in his role as an editor—became the first editor of the publication that had no connection to The Onion during the publication's initial Madison, Wisconsin, era.

In April 2009, The Onion was awarded a 2008 Peabody Award noting that the publication provides "...ersatz news that has a worrisome ring of truth."

In November 2009, The Onion released Our Front Pages: 21 Years of Greatness, Virtue, and Moral Rectitude From America's Finest News Source which was notable in not only compiling dozens of front pages from the publication's history as a news parody but also showcasing front pages from the publication's early, more casual campus humor focused era during the 1980s when the publication featured headlines such as, "Depressed? Try Liposuction on that Pesky Head."

In July 2009, various news outlets began reporting rumors of an impending sale of The Onion with further details of the sale to be made on Monday, July 20, 2009. The purported sale was revealed as fictional Publisher Emeritus T. Herman Zweibel stating he'd sold the publication to a Chinese company—Yu Wan Mei Corporation—resulting in a week-long series of Chinese-related articles and features throughout the publication's website and print editions. On Wednesday, July 22, 2009, the publication's editor (Joe Randazzo) clarified the issue on National Public Radio's All Things Considered, stating: "I'm sure there are many Chinese conglomerates out there that would love to buy The Onion. We are, in fact, still a solvent independently owned American company."

In August 2011, The Onion's website began testing a paywall model, requiring a $2.95 monthly/$29.95 annual charge from non-U.S. visitors who wish to read more than about five stories within 30 days. "We are testing a meter internationally as readers in those markets are already used to paying directly for some (other) content, particularly in the UK where we have many readers", said the company's CTO Michael Greer.

In September 2011, it was announced that The Onion would move its entire editorial operation to Chicago by the summer of 2012. The news of the move left many of the writers—who moved with the publication from Madison to New York City in 2000—"blindsided", putting them in a position to decide whether to uproot themselves from New York City and follow the publication to Chicago, which was already home to the company's corporate headquarters. At a comedy show on September 27, 2011, then editor Joe Randazzo announced that he would not be joining the staff in Chicago.

Chicago (2012–present)

With the publication's core editorial staff now based in Chicago, in March 2012 Cole Bolton—a Brown University graduate of business economics, former associate economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and research associate at Harvard Business School—was named the new editor-in-chief of The Onion. "I was never in an improv group, never in a sketch group, never wrote for an Onion parody in college", said Bolton in a 2014 interview with comedy publication Splitsider. "It was just sort of a decision that I decided, two years out of college, that I didn't like where I was going in my life, and I wanted to do something that I cared about more, so I ended up just sending stuff in to The Onion."

Additionally, in March 2012 more insight into the internal issues surrounding the Chicago move—including an attempt made by the writers to find a new owner—are explored by articles in The Atlantic Wire and New York magazine's Daily Intelligencer. According to an article in the Chicago Tribune, founding editor Scott Dikkers returned to the publication in light of the Chicago move stating that he hopes to find a "younger and hungrier" pool of talent in Chicago than what was available in New York City. "The Onion is obviously always going to draw talent from wherever it is", Dikkers said. "In Madison, people used to just come in off the street [...] and we'd give them a shot. The Onion has always thrived on the youngest, greenest people."

In August 2012, it was announced that a group of former The Onion writers had teamed up with Adult Swim to create comedy content on a website called Thing X. According to the comedy website Splitsider, "The Onion writers had nothing else going on, and AdultSwim.com wanted to take advantage of that. But only because they smelled a business opportunity. Adult Swim is just looking at it from a business standpoint." In June 2013, it was announced that Thing X would be shutting down with some staff moving over to parent website adultswim.com on June 18, 2013. In February 2013 The Onion was added to Advertising Age's "Digital A-List 2013" because the publication "...has not just survived, it's thrived..." since the publication's 2012 move to consolidate operations and staff in Chicago.

In November 2013, the publication announced in Crain's Chicago Business that The Onion would move to an all-digital format by December 2013, citing a 30% year-over-year growth in pageviews to the publication's website.

In 2013, The Onion received an email from Michael Cohen claiming that an article published about Donald Trump was defamation, and demanded that it be removed with an apology.

In June 2014, The Onion launched the spinoff website ClickHole, which satirizes and parodies so-called "clickbait" websites such as BuzzFeed and Upworthy that capitalize on viral content to drive traffic.

In November 2014, Bloomberg News reported that The Onion had hired a financial adviser for a possible sale. Additionally, in a memo addressing potential sale rumors provided to Walt Mossberg's tech site Re/code Onion CEO Steve Hannah states, "We have had follow-up conversations with numerous parties in recent months. Our advisors will continue to have those conversations and, hopefully, they will lead to the right outcome."

In June 2015 Steve Hannah—the publication's CEO since 2004— stepped down from the position with the new CEO role passed onto current president of the organization, Mike McAvoy.

On September 21, 2015, StarWipe—a spinoff sister site of The A.V. Club centered on celebrity culture—was launched. It was closed on June 17, 2016.

In October 2015, CEO Mike McAvoy announced a restructuring of the organization, layoffs as well as a series of management changes. "But even though we've done well, we have not been able to keep pace with our ambitious goals for Onion Inc." Kurt Mueller—the company's COO—elaborated on the details stating, "We were overstaffed for the non-media-agency part of the business. We have less demand for a ton of new content for a brand. There's demand, but we just overestimated what the demand is."

In January 2016, Univision Communications purchased a 40% stake in Onion, Inc. "As an independent media company, we've always been forced to run a tight financial ship, which has made us smart and lean, but not always ready to invest in the great new ideas that we come up with," Mr. McAvoy said in a memo to staff. "I'm excited to see what we can do with Univision behind us." This brings The Onion into the Fusion Media Group arm of Univision, the same media family as the Gizmodo collection of sites (Kotaku, Lifehacker, Deadspin, etc.), which also has led to a consolidated media management platform and aligned content presentation styles with these sister sites.

In January 2017, The Onion partnered with Lionsgate Films and production company Serious Business to develop multiple film projects. "We've plotted our takeover of the film industry for some time", said Kyle Ryan, vice president of Onion Studios. "With the help of Serious Business and Lionsgate, we'll make room on our award shelf for some Oscars. To the basement you go, Pulitzers." Serious Business is a production company run by former UTA Online co-founder Jason U. Nadler, @midnight co-creator Jon Zimelis and writer/producer Alex Blagg.

In September 2017, the site's editor-in-chief Cole Bolton and executive editor Ben Berkley stepped down from their posts. Chad Nackers—The Onion's head writer—took over the role of editor-in-chief. The departures were partially due to disagreements about the direction the site was taking under the ownership of Univision.

In April 2018 the employees of the company unionized with The Writers Guild Of America, East. The union comprises "all of the creative staffs at Onion Inc.: The A.V. Club, The Onion, ClickHole, The Takeout, Onion Labs, and Onion Inc.'s video and art departments." and reached a contract agreement with management on December 20, 2018.

In July 2018, rumors of pending layoffs at The Onion and related websites Clickhole and The A.V. Club were reported. Corporate parent Univision Communications is said to be looking to reduce the staff of the humor publication by around 15% amidst news of a pending sale of The Onion and related websites as well as Gizmodo Media Group assets. As stated an official Univision press release on the topic, "Univision Communications Inc. (UCI) […] today announced that the Company has initiated a formal process to explore the sale of the assets comprising the Gizmodo Media Group (GMG) and The Onion."

On April 8, 2019, private equity firm Great Hill Partners acquired Gizmodo Media Group—including The Onion, The A.V. Club, and Clickhole—from Univision for an undisclosed amount. The properties were formed into a new company named G/O Media Inc. In March 2024, G/O sold The A.V. Club to Paste Magazine and was reported to be seeking buyers for The Onion.

On April 25, 2024, CEO Jim Spanfeller told employees that G/O had sold The Onion to Chicago firm Global Tetrahedron, which is owned by Twilio founder Jeff Lawson, with former NBC reporter Ben Collins serving as CEO. As a condition of the deal, the new owners will retain the website's staff and keep it based in Chicago. The name "Global Tetrahedron" is taken from a "fictional evil megacorporation" that has been the subject of a running gag in The Onion articles.

Print edition (1988–2013)

During The Onion print edition's 25-year run—from the publication's initial creation in 1988 to the end of the print edition in 2013—it was distributed for free in various cities across the United States and Canada as well as via paid mail order subscription to subscribers around the world. By the time the print edition of The Onion ceased publication in December 2013, it was only available in Chicago, Milwaukee and Providence. At its peak, The Onion had a print circulation of about 500,000 while the publication's websites brought in more than 10 million unique monthly visitors. Below is a list of all of the cities in which The Onion was distributed freely at different points from 1988 to 2013.

• Ann Arbor, Michigan
• Austin, Texas
• Boulder, Colorado
• Champaign–Urbana, Illinois
• Chicago
• Columbus, Ohio
• Denver, Colorado
• Indianapolis
• Iowa City
• Los Angeles
• Madison, Wisconsin
• Milwaukee
• Minneapolis–Saint Paul
• New York City
• Omaha, Nebraska
• Philadelphia
• Pittsburgh
• Providence, Rhode Island
• San Francisco
• Santa Fe, New Mexico
• Toronto, Ontario, Canada
• Washington, D.C.

Regular features

Regular features of The Onion include:

• "Statshot", an illustrated statistical snapshot which parodies "USA Today Snapshots".
• "Infographics", with a bulleted lists of jokes on a theme.
• Opinion columns, including mock editorials, point-counterpoints, and pieces from regular columnists.
• Bizarre horoscopes.
• Slideshows that parody content aggregation sites like Huffington Post and Buzzfeed, usually accompanied by a "click-bait"-style headline.
• "News in Photos" that feature a photograph and caption with no accompanying story.
• "American Voices" (formerly called "What Do You Think?"), a mock vox populi survey on a topical current event. There are three respondents—down from the original six—for each topic, who appear to represent a diverse selection of demographics. Although their names and professions change each time they are used, the same six pictures have been reused weekly for over 20 years. The photos belong to people that happened to be near the publication's old office in Madison: one is a Madison community theater actor, one used to work with The Onion's CEO Chad Nackers at a restaurant, one delivered goods for UPS, and one is Mark Danielson's aunt.
• An editorial cartoon drawn by "Kelly", a fictional cartoonist. The cartoons are actually the work of artist Ward Sutton and they are a deadpan parody of conservative editorial cartoons, as well as editorial cartoons in general. Many of the cartoons feature the Statue of Liberty, usually shedding a single tear—of joy or anguish—depending on the situation.
• A Person of the Year award. For example, in 1996 the Denorex Man was chosen. For 2014, the Onion honored Malala Yousafzai and John Cena
• "'No Way to Prevent This', Says Only Nation Where This Regularly Happens", a story republished with minor edits after major mass shootings in the United States. The story was first published in response to the 2014 Isla Vista killings.

Editors and writers

As of 2022, the current editor of The Onion is Chad Nackers. Past editors and writers have included:

• Max Cannon
• Rich Dahm
• Scott Dikkers
• Megan Ganz
• Joe Garden
• Todd Hanson
• Tim Harrod
• David Javerbaum
• Ben Karlin
• Ellie Kemper
• Peter Koechley
• Carol Kolb
• Joe Randazzo
• Maria Schneider
• Robert D. Siegel
• Jack Szwergold
• Baratunde Thurston
• Dan Vebber

Books, video, film and audio

Books

Since the first publication of Our Dumb Century in 1999, The Onion has produced various books that often compile already produced material into collected volumes. The 2007 publication of Our Dumb World and the 2012 publication of The Onion Book of Known Knowledge are the only other fully original books content-wise—other than Our Dumb Century—that The Onion has released.

• The Onion (March 23, 1999). Our Dumb Century: The Onion Presents 100 Years of Headlines from America's Finest News Source. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-0609804612.
• The Onion (April 4, 2000). The Onion's Finest News Reporting, Volume 1. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-0609804636.
• The Onion (September 4, 2001). Dispatches from the Tenth Circle: The Best of The Onion. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-0609808344.
• The Onion (September 24, 2002). The Onion Ad Nauseam: Complete News Archives, Volume 13. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-1400047246.
• The Onion (September 23, 2003). The Onion Ad Nauseam: Complete News Archives, Volume 14. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-1400049615.
• The Onion (September 28, 2004). Fanfare for the Area Man: The Onion Ad Nauseam Complete News Archives, Vol. 15. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-1400054558.
• The Onion (October 4, 2005). Embedded in America: The Onion Complete News Archives Volume 16. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-1400054565.
• The Onion (October 31, 2006). Homeland Insecurity: The Onion Complete News Archives, Volume 17. Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-0307339843.
• The Onion (October 30, 2007). Our Dumb World: The Onion's Atlas of the Planet Earth, 73rd Edition. Little, Brown And Company. ISBN 978-0316018425.
• The Onion (November 3, 2009). Our Front Pages: 21 Years of Greatness, Virtue, and Moral Rectitude from America's Finest News Source. Scribner. ISBN 978-1439156926.
• The Onion (October 11, 2011). The Ecstasy of Defeat: Sports Reporting at Its Finest by the Editors of the Onion. Hachette Books. ISBN 978-1401310721.
• The Onion (October 23, 2012). The Onion Book of Known Knowledge: A Definitive Encyclopaedia Of Existing Information. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0316133265.
• The Onion (November 2014). The Onion Magazine The Iconic Covers That Transformed An Undeserving World. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-25645-2.
• The Onion (October 2017). The Trump Leaks: The Onion Exposes the Top Secret Memos, Emails, and Doodles That Could Take Down a President. Harper Design. ISBN 978-0062834263.

Onion News Network

Main article: Onion News Network

In April 2007, The Onion launched Onion News Network—a daily web video broadcast—with a story about an illegal immigrant taking an executive's $800,000-a-year job for $600,000 a year, directed by Dikkers. The publication reportedly initially invested about $1 million in the production and initially hired 15 new staffers to focus on the production of this video broadcast. On February 3, 2009, The Onion launched a spin-off of the Onion News Network called the Onion Sports Network.

In a Wikinews interview in November 2007, former Onion President Mills said the Onion News Network had been a huge hit. "We get over a million downloads a week, which makes it one of the more successful produced-for-the-Internet videos", said Mills. "If we're not the most successful, we're one of the most.'

In January 2011, The Onion launched two TV shows on cable networks: Onion SportsDome which premiered January 11 on Comedy Central, and the Onion News Network which premiered January 21 on Independent Film Channel (IFC). Later in the year IFC officially announced the renewal of the Onion News Network for a second season in March 2011 while Comedy Central officially announced the cancellation of Onion SportsDome in June 2011.

In August 2011, the Writers Guild of America, East, AFL–CIO, announced the unionization of the Onion News Network writing staff, averting a potential strike which hinged on pay and benefits. It is also not the first time Onion, Inc. has been criticized for the way it treats its employees: In June 2011 A.V. Club Philadelphia city editor Emily Guendelsberger was the victim of an attack and—according to the Philadelphia Daily News—her job did not provide health insurance to cover hospital bills. According to the WGA, Onion News Network was the only scripted, live-action program that had employed non-union writers. "The ONN writers stood together and won real improvements", said WGAE Executive Director Lowell Peterson. "We welcome them into the WGAE and we look forward to a productive relationship with the company." Peterson noted that more than 70 Guild members from all of the New York-based comedy shows signed a letter supporting the Onion News Network writers, and hundreds of Guild members sent emails to the producers.

In March 2012, IFC officially announced the cancellation of the Onion News Network. After the show's cancellation, a pilot for a new comedy series titled Onion News Empire premiered on Amazon.com in April 2013, which presented as a behind-the-scenes look of The Onion's newsroom. The pilot was one of several candidates for production on Amazon, but was not ultimately selected.

Video

• Today Now!: a parody of a morning talk show
• Onion Film Standard with Peter K. Rosenthal: Movie critic Peter K. Rosenthal (played by Ron E. Rains) presents his views on famous films, both classic and contemporary.
• Onion Social: a parody of Facebook.
• In the Know with Clifford Banes: a parody news talk show
• Mothershould with Grace Manning-Devlin: a parody of women's issues YouTube vlogs
• The Whole Body: Satire health tips.
• Good Taste: Recipes and cooking videos.
• EDGE: a parody of the HBO non-fiction program VICE
• Owner's Box: a parody of ESPN and other sports-news programs
• Sportology: parodies an investigation of sport science.
• O-Span: A parody of C-SPAN.
• Now: Focus: A parody of NowThis News.
• Onion Explains: Short videos giving a brief explanation of a topic.
• Onion Insights:

In 2008, The Onion launched a series of YouTube videos produced by its 'Onion Digital Studios' division, funded in part by a grant from YouTube and exclusive to the site. Series produced were:

• Sex House: A dark satire of reality show culture and negligent producers.
• Lake Dredge Appraisal: A show centering on the dredged salvage of a lake, appraised of its worth on public access television.
• Trouble Hacking with Drew Cleary: A mock Life Hacking Q and A series.
• Horrifying Planet: A nihilistic parody of nature documentaries.
• Onion Talks: A satire of TED Talks.
• Porkin' Across America with Jim Haggerty: An on-the-road food reality show featuring Jim Haggerty from Today Now.
• America's Best: An American Idol parody.
• Dr. Good: Parody of The Dr. Oz Show.

The Onion Movie

Main article: The Onion Movie

The Onion Movie is a direct-to-video film written by then-Onion editor Robert D. Siegel and writer Todd Hanson and directed by Tom Kuntz and Mike Maguire. Created in 2003, Fox Searchlight Pictures was on board to release the movie, originally called The Untitled Onion Movie, but at some point in the process, directors Kuntz and Maguire—as well as writer Siegel—walked away from the project. In 2006, New Regency Productions took over the production of the troubled project. After two years of being in limbo, the film was released directly on DVD on June 3, 2008. Upon its release it was credited as being directed under the pseudonym of James Kleiner but is still directed by Kuntz and Maguire.

In the spring of 2014, former president, publisher, and CEO of The Onion Peter Haise filed a lawsuit Palm Beach County court against the publication's current chairman David K. Schafer regarding a missing "Executive Producer" credit on the failed film. As stated in the lawsuit, "Onion, Inc. has admitted that Haise was involved in and should have been named as an Executive Producer of the Film, and that the omission in the credits listed for the Film was an error."

Onion Radio News

The Onion Radio News was an audio podcast/radio show produced by The Onion from 1999 and 2009. The core voice of the podcast was that of a fictional newsreader named "Doyle Redland" who was voiced by Pete S. Mueller. At its peak Onion Radio News was picked up by the Westwood One radio network as well as Audible.com.

Onion Public Radio

On February 5, 2018, The Onion published its first podcast, titled A Very Fatal Murder. It was released in six parts and parodies other true crime podcasts such as Serial and My Favorite Murder. The story follows Onion Public Radio reporter David Pascall (voiced by David Sidorov) as he tries to investigate the murder of a 17-year-old girl named Hayley Price in the fictional town of Bluff Springs, Nebraska.

On January 16, 2020, The Onion expanded its podcast formula to include The Topical, a news podcast which parodies the style and format of NPR drive-time news broadcasts.

Influence and controversies

Taken seriously

Occasionally, the straight-faced manner in which The Onion reports non-existent events, happenings and ideas has resulted in third parties mistakenly citing The Onion stories as real news.

• "'98 Homosexual-Recruitment Drive Nearing Goal": In 1998, Fred Phelps posted The Onion article on his Westboro Baptist Church website as apparent "proof" that homosexuals were indeed actively trying to "recruit" others to be gay.
• "Congress Passes Americans With No Abilities Act": At various times since the article's initial publication in 1998, variants of the "Americans With No Abilities Act" article and theme have been passed around online including a variant in 2009 that changed the stated U.S. president from Bill Clinton to Barack Obama as well as a 2007 variant that changed the country from the United States of America to Australia.
• «Книги о Гарри Поттере вызывают рост сатанизма среди детей»: начиная с 2000 года статья о Гарри Поттере, подстрекающем детей к колдовству, стала предметом широко разосланного электронного письма, в котором повторялись цитаты, приписываемые детям в статье. Обозреватель Эллен Маккай и другие, которые считают, что книги о Гарри Поттере «вербуют» детей в сатанизм, также были увлечены статьей, используя цитаты непосредственно из нее для подтверждения своих утверждений.
• «Конгресс угрожает покинуть округ Колумбия, если не будет построен новый Капитолий»: 7 июня 2002 г. агентство Reuters сообщило, что газета Beijing Evening News переиздала и перевела части статьи. Статья представляет собой пародию на угрозы американских спортивных клубов покинуть родной город, если для них не будут построены новые стадионы. Газета Beijing Evening News первоначально поддержала эту историю, потребовав доказать ее ложность, но позже отозвала статью, ответив, что «...некоторые небольшие американские газеты часто фабрикуют необычные новости, чтобы обманом заставить людей обратить на них внимание с целью заработать деньги».
• «Международный аэропорт имени Франца Кафки в Праге назван самым отталкивающим аэропортом в мире»: 24 марта 2009 года в передаче « Поздняя ночь с Джимми Фэллоном » в монологе Фэллона использовалась тема этого конкретного видео Onion News Network как подготовка к еще одной шутке, претендующей на отчет. было основано на «исследовании».
• «Теоретик заговора убеждает, что высадка Нила Армстронга на Луну была фальсификацией»: в сентябре 2009 года две бангладешские газеты — «Дейли Манаб Замин» и « Новая нация» — опубликовали статьи, переведенные из «Лук» , утверждающие, что астронавт Нил Армстронг провел пресс-конференцию, на которой утверждалось, что высадка на Луну была тщательно продуманная мистификация.
• «Дания представляет новую ужасающую туристическую рекламу под руководством Ларса фон Триера »: в феврале 2010 года интернет-газеты, такие как Il Corriere della Sera (Италия) и Adresseavisen (Норвегия), переупаковали отрывки из The Onion как законные новости. видеоматериала
• «Разочарованный Обама отправил нации бессвязное электронное письмо на 75 000 слов»: в ноябре 2010 года веб-сайт Fox Nation представил статью The Onion как подлинный отчет.
• «Конгресс берет в заложники группу школьников»: в сентябре 2011 года полиция Капитолия США расследовала серию твитов, исходящих из аккаунта The Onion в Твиттере, в которых утверждалось, что американские конгрессмены держат в заложниках двенадцать детей.
• «Обама открыто спрашивает нацию, с какой стати он хотел бы служить еще один срок»: 7 января 2012 года Лим Хви Хуа — бывший Сингапура член парламента — разместила статью на своей странице в Facebook.
• « Планируемое родительство открывает комплекс абортов стоимостью 8 миллиардов долларов»: 3 февраля 2012 года конгрессмен США Джон Флеминг ( республиканец от штата Луизиана ) разместил ссылку на статью на своей странице в Facebook.
• «Опрос Gallup: белые сельские жители предпочитают Ахмадинежада Обаме»: 28 сентября 2012 года иранское информационное агентство Fars дословно скопировало историю Onion на своем веб-сайте. The Onion обновил исходную историю, добавив примечание: «Подробнее об этой истории: посетите нашу иранскую дочернюю организацию Fars», со ссылкой на скриншот репортажа Fars об этой истории.
• «Ким Чен Ын назван самым сексуальным мужчиной The Onion в 2012 году»: 27 ноября 2012 года онлайн-версия газеты Коммунистической партии Китая The People's Daily опубликовала статью о Ким Чен Ыне , сославшись на статью The Onion в качестве источника и даже включил в статью 55-страничную фотогалерею, посвященную северокорейскому лидеру.
• « Фред Фелпс , человек, который навсегда остановил марш за права геев, умер в возрасте 84 лет»: в марте 2014 года Эд Фаррелл, вице-мэр города Марикопа, штат Аризона, извинился за непреднамеренную и восторженную похвалу Фреда Фелпса, опубликовав сатирический некролог на его Страница Фейсбук. В интервью по поводу своего поста в Facebook Фаррелл извинился за это, заявив: «Я понятия не имел об этом парне; он идиот. Я не могу поверить, что опубликовал то, что опубликовал [...] позор мне».
• «ФИФА лихорадочно объявляет о проведении летнего чемпионата мира по футболу 2015 года в США»: в мае 2015 года бывший ФИФА вице-президент Джек Уорнер , арестованный в том же месяце по обвинению в коррупции, привлек внимание к статье The Onion , сообщив о ней как о реальной новости в видео. на Facebook.
• «Исследование: каждые 10 секунд мойщик окон небоскреба падает насмерть»: в сентябре 2018 года президент Сербии Александр Вучич сделал заявление, комментируя смерть двух рабочих, погибших на стройке на набережной Белграда . Он выразил соболезнование семьям, но сказал, что «в Сербии пропорционально намного меньше несчастных случаев на опасных работах, таких как строительство. Что касается обвинений, направленных против государства, я хочу сказать гражданам, хотя я и сделал это». не хочу об этом говорить — я читал некоторые данные. Знаете ли вы, что в Америке каждые десять секунд умирает один мойщик окон, выполняя свою работу?».
• «ЦРУ принесло посмертные извинения после того, как новые доказательства опровергли причастность Усамы бен Ладена к терактам 11 сентября»: 13 октября 2019 года бывший генеральный инспектор королевской полиции Малайзии Муса Хасан подвергся критике после того, как назвал названный пост реальной новостью в Твиттере , а затем удвоил свою ставку, когда другие пользователи Твиттера указали на сатирический характер сайта, отметив: «Подождите, пока The Onion это опровергнет. Если нет, это означает, что Америка позволяет распространять фейковые новости».

Как политический деятель

Некоторые комментаторы охарактеризовали The Onion как сатиру откровенно политическую. Норин Мэлоун охарактеризовала издание как имеющее левый взгляд, заявив:

Лучшие статьи в стране пишут сотрудники The Onion , хотя они часто публикуются в виде новостных статей. Сатирическая газета [...] по-прежнему публикует множество веселых статей на обыденные темы, [...] но ее статьи о текущих событиях становятся все более резкими.

Мэлоун, как и другие эксперты, особо отметил резкий взгляд издания на сирийскую гражданскую войну , а Дэвид Вейгель охарактеризовал позицию издания как «… пропаганду интервенции в Сирию ». Вейгель объяснил тенденцию к увеличению количества новостной сатиры, включая политическую новостную сатиру, как побочный продукт более коротких сроков выпуска публикаций после того, как интернет-издание стало основным источником голоса издания, что поставило под угрозу The Onion превращение в «… коллективную версию Энди Боровица ». , говоря либералам, что то, что они уже думают, не только правда, но и офигенно». Slate из Фархад Манджу также объяснил атмосферу публикации «…более быстрой, крупной, более резкой и, на мой взгляд, немного непоследовательной…» потребностями Интернета.

Эммет Ренсин заявил, что The Onion была «газетой, наиболее посвященной свержению капитализма в Соединенных Штатах» и «представляет собой некоторый скрытый марксизм в нашей культуре», приводя примеры того, что он считал The Onion обвинениями в ложном сознании и товарной фетишизации. и повышение ценности невидимой руки . Ренсен объясняет этот материал потребностью юмористов работать, исходя из «очевидной, интуитивной истины - той, которая необходима для любого широко привлекательного юмора», а не сознательного решения продвигать марксизм или какой-либо «явной поддержки коммунистического решения».

Политическое влияние публикации в некоторой степени непреднамеренно. Например, что давняя часто полагают , карикатура на Джо Байдена в образе «жуткого, но безобидного дяди» в «синих воротничках» положительно повлияла на общественный имидж настоящего Джо Байдена . В мае 2019 года бывший Onion редактор Джо Гарден опубликовал статью в Vice, в которой выразил сожаление по поводу этого персонажа, который, по его мнению, отвлек его от серьезных опасений по поводу политического послужного списка и личного поведения Байдена.

В 2017 году президент Дональд Трамп выразил уверенность, что его зять Джаред Кушнер , которого он только что назначил советником по иностранным делам, сможет принести мир на Ближний Восток. Затем статья в Onion высмеивала идеалистический подход Трампа к длительному, сложному и кровавому конфликту как к простому организационному вопросу, который он мог делегировать, сообщая, что мир между Израилем и Аравией слишком велик, чтобы Кушнер мог достичь его в рамках уже начавшего свой пост. неделю, и теперь его пришлось перенести на следующую неделю. Затем статью разослали сотрудники Белого дома, которых, очевидно, оттолкнуло назначение Кушнера.

США

Печать президента США

В сентябре 2005 года помощник советника президента Джорджа Буша Грант М. Дикстон написал о прекращении противоправных действий письмо The Onion , в котором просил издание прекратить использование президентской печати , которую оно использовало в онлайн-пародии на Буша. .

The Onion ответил официальной просьбой использовать печать в соответствии с указом, при этом утверждая, что ее использование было законным. В письме говорилось: «Невероятно, чтобы кто-то мог подумать, что, используя печать, The Onion намеревается «передать… спонсорство или одобрение» президента», но далее предлагалось считать письмо формальным. заявление с просьбой разрешить использование печати.

премии Оскар

Во время 85-й церемонии вручения премии «Оскар» в Twitter-аккаунте The Onion 9 -летняя на лучшую женскую роль номинантка Квенжане Уоллис была названа « пиздой ». Пост был удален в течение часа, но не раньше, чем были получены сотни гневных ответов. Генеральный директор Стив Ханна принес извинения Уоллис и Академии кинематографических искусств и наук , назвав высказывания «грубыми и оскорбительными» и «Ни один человек не должен подвергаться таким бессмысленным, лишенным юмора комментариям, маскирующимся под сатиру». Скотт Диккерс, который в то время был вице-президентом по творческому развитию издания, сказал в интервью NBC 5 Chicago , что издание направило Квенжане и ее семье письмо с извинениями, но также заявил: «Теперь она большая звезда. Я думаю, что она выдержит это». Публичные извинения издания были осуждены некоторыми бывшими авторами Onion , один из которых заявил: «Это была не очень хорошая шутка, но большое дело».

Большого

16 июня 2017 года The Onion опубликовал статью, описывающую профессионального рестлера The Big Show , убитого WWE после того, как семилетний мальчик забрел в стальную клетку во время живого выступления в Индианаполисе . Статья, призванная высмеивать реальное убийство Харамбе , гориллы в зоопарке Цинциннати, подверглась критике за высмеивание убийства реального человека, а также за то, что заставила некоторых фанатов поверить в то, что Биг Шоу мертв.

Amicus по делу Парма

3 октября 2022 года The Onion подала свою первую записку amicus curiae в Верховный суд США по делу Новак против города Пармы . The Onion поддержал ходатайство certiorari Энтони Новака, который требовал возмещения гражданского ущерба после того, как был арестован и безуспешно привлечен к ответственности за страницу в Facebook, пародирующую страницу полицейского управления Пармы. Краткое изложение The Onion содержало множество шуток, в том числе заявленную аудиторию в 4,3 триллиона человек. замечание о том, что «федеральная судебная система полностью укомплектована полными латинскими придурками», и хвастовство Джонатана Свифта тем, что «его авторы гораздо более талантливы, и их произведения будут читаться еще долго после того, как этот хак Свифта затеряется в песках времени».

См. также

• Список сатирических журналов
• Список сатирических новостных сайтов
• Список сатирических теленовостных программ

Дальнейшее чтение

• Берковиц, Дэн; Шварц, Дэвид Аса (2016). «Майли, CNN и The Onion: когда фейковые новости становятся реальнее реальных». Журналистская практика . 10 (1): 1–17. дои : 10.1080/17512786.2015.1006933 . S2CID   142931957 .
• Броди, Ян (2018). «Притворные новости, ложные новости, фейковые новости: лук как шутка, розыгрыш и легенда» . Журнал американского фольклора . 131 (522): 451–459. дои : 10.5406/jamerfolk.131.522.0451 . ISSN   0021-8715 . JSTOR   10.5406/jamerfolk.131.522.0451 . S2CID   165844528 .
• Куган, Том (2013). « Обычно я люблю лук, но на этот раз ты зашел слишком далеко»: юмор об инвалидах и нарушения». Журнал литературных и культурных исследований инвалидности . 7 (1): 1–17. дои : 10.3828/jlcds.2013.1 . ISSN   1757-6466 . S2CID   143591650 .
• Холланд, Эдвард С.; Леви, Адам (2018). «Лук и геополитика сатиры». Популярное общение . 16 (3): 182–195. дои : 10.1080/15405702.2017.1397674 . S2CID   149307551 .
• Файф, Джейн (2016). «Чистка лука: сатира и сложность реакции аудитории». Риторический обзор . 35 (4): 322–334. дои : 10.1080/07350198.2016.1215000 . S2CID   151462545 .
• Кэй, Шэрон М. (2010). Лук и философия: фейковые новости правдивы, утверждает возмущенный местный профессор . Издательство «Открытый суд». ISBN  978-0-8126-9687-5 .
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Внешние ссылки

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